Abstract
Analyses of gastric juice withdrawn 3 hours after the pylorus was ligated and of plasma corticosterone and blood glucose after animals were exposed to rotational stress revealed that gastric secretion was highest in controls, intermediate in stressed rats that developed ulcers, and lowest in stressed rats that did not develop ulcers. Neither high nor low gastric secretion correlated with stress-ulcer formation. When initial mucosal ischemia and secretory inhibition, which occurred in all stressed rats, were considered, those that developed ulcers manifested gastric hypersecretion when compared with those that did not develop ulcers. The pathogenetic significance of gastric hypersecretion in stress-ulcer formation is discussed and correlated with mucosal microvascular changes during stress. Mean plasma corticosterone was highest in stressed rats that developed ulcers, next highest in stressed rats that did not develop ulcers, and lowest in control rats. Compared with normal rats, mean blood glucose was lowest in stressed rats and highest in controls. Hypoglycemic changes were more marked in stressed rats that developed ulcers than in stressed rats that did not develop ulcers.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hase T, Scarborough ES: Development of stress ulcer in rats and guinea pigs by mechanical rotation. J Appl Physiol 30:580–582, 1971
Brodie DA, Hanson HM: A study of the factors involved in the production of gastric ulcers by the restraint technique. Gastroenterology 38: 353–360, 1960
Menguy R: Effects of restraint stress on gastric secretion in the rat. Am J Dig Dis 5:991–996, 1960
Brodie DA, Marshall RW, Moreno OM: Effect of restraint on gastric acidity in the rat. Am J Physiol 202:812–814, 1962
Hase T, Moss BJ: Microvascular changes of gastric mucosa in the development of stress ulcer in rats. Gastroenterology 65:224–234, 1973
Thompson JE, Vane JR: Gastric secretion induced by histamine and its relationship to the rate of blood flow. J Physiol 121:433–444, 1953
Peter ET, Nicoloff DM, Sosin H, Walder AI, Wangensteen OH: Relationship between gastric blood flow and secretion. Fed Proc 21: 264, 1962
Jacobson ED, Linford RH, Grossman MI: Gastric secretion in relation to mucosal blood flow studied by a clearance technique. J Clin Invest 45:1–13, 1966
Shay H, Komarov SA, Fels SS, Meranze D, Greenstein M, Siplet H: A simple method for the uniform production of gastric ulceration in the rat. Gastroenterology 5:43–61, 1945
Wherry FE, Trigg LN, Grindeland RE, Anderson E: Identification of the hormones secreted by an autonomous mammotropic pituitary tumor in rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol 110:362–365, 1962
Peterson R: The identification of corticosterone in human plasma and its assay by isotope dilution. J Biol Chem 225:25–37, 1957
Washko ME, Rice EW: Determination of glucose by an improved enzyme procedure. Clin Chem 7:542–545, 1961
Jones TW, Harkins HN: Evaluation of mechanisms involved in gastric acid secretion of pylorus-ligated rats. Gastroenterology 35:309–311, 1958
Guth PH: Gastric blood flow in restraint stress. Am J Dig Dis 17:807–813, 1972
Harjola PT, Sivula A: Gastric ulceration following experimentally induced hypoxia and hemorrhagic shock: In vitro study of pathogenesis in rabbits. Ann Surg 163:21–28, 1966
Skillman JJ, Gould SA, Chung RSK, Silen W: The gastric mucosal barrier: Clinical and experimental studies in critically ill and normal man, and in the rabbit. Ann Surg 172:564–582, 1970
Mersereau WA, Hinchey EJ: Effect of gastric acidityon gastric ulceration induced by hemorrhage in the rat, utilizing a gastric chamber technique. Gastroenterology 64:1130–1135, 1973
Nicoloff DM, Peter ET, Leonard AS, Wangensteen OH: Catecholamines in ulcer provocation. Their possible role in stress ulcer formation. JAMA 191:383–385, 1965
Bush JE: Species differences and other factors influencing adrenocortical secretion. CIBA Found Colloq Endocrinol 7:210–228, 1953
Peron FG: The isolation and identification of some adrenocorticosteroids released in vitro. Endocrinology 66:458–469, 1960
La Plante C, Giroud CJ, Stachenko J: Lack of appreciable 17-alpha-hydroxylase activity in the normal and regenerated rat adrenal tissue. Endocrinology 75:825–827, 1964
Knigge KM, Penrod CH, Schindler WJ: In vitro and in vivo adrenal corticosteroid secretion following stress. Am J Physiol 196:579–582, 1959
Tilstone WJ, Roach PJ: Plasma corticosterone in the rat in relation to trauma and environmental temperature. QJ Exp Physiol 54:341–345, 1969
Cooke AR: Role of adrenocortical steroids in the regulation of gastric secretion. Gastroenterology 52:272–281, 1967
Madden RJ, Ramsburgh HH: Adrenalectomy in the Shay rat. Gastroenterology 18:128–134, 1951
Welbourn RB, Code CF: Effects of cortisone and of adrenalectomy on secretion of gastric acid and on occurrence of gastric ulceration in the pylorus-ligated rat. Gastroenterology 23:356–362, 1953
Kyle J, Welbourn RB: Influence of adenohypophysis and the adrenal cortex on gastric secretion in the rat. Br J Surg 44:241–247, 1956
Rosenberg A: Production of gastric lesions in rats by combined cold and electrostress. Am J Dig Dis 12:1140–1148, 1967
Djahanguiri B, Taubin HL, Landsberg L: Increased sympathetic activity in the pathogenesis of restraint ulcer in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 184:163–168, 1973
Sethbhadki S, Roth JLA, Pfeiffer CH: Gastric mucosal ulceration after epinephrine. A study of the etiologic mechanisms. Am J Dig Dis 15:1055–1065, 1970
Gerard A: Regeneration cellulaire dans la muqueuse gastrique du chien sous l'effet de divers stimulants et de diverses drogues ulcerigenes. Biol Gastroenterol 1:5–14, 1969
Max M, Menguy R: Influence of adrenocorticotropin, cortisone, aspirin and phenyl butazone on the rate of exfoliation and the rate of renewal of gastric mucosal cells. Gastroenterology 58: 329–336, 1970
Menguy R, Masters YF: Effects of cortisone on mucoprotein secretion by gastric antrum of dogs. Pathogenesis of steroid ulcer. Surgery 54:19–27, 1963
Denko CW: The effect of hydrocortisone and cortison on fixation of35S in the stomach. J Lab Clin Med 51:174–177, 1958
Lev R, Siegel HI, Glass GBJ: Histochemical study of the mucosubstances in the canine stomach. III. The effects of corticosteroids. Gastroenterology 58:495–508, 1970
Ader R, Tatum R, Beels CC: Social factors affecting emotionality and resistance to disease in animals. I. Age of separation from the mother and susceptibility to gastric ulcers in the rat. J Comp Physiol Psychol 53:446–454, 1960
Ader R, Beels CC, Tatum R: Social factors affecting emotionality and resistance to disease in animals. II. Susceptibility to gastric ulceration as a function of interruptions in social interactions and time at which they occur. J Comp Physiol Psychol 53:455–458, 1960
Selye H: Carbohydrate metabolism in stress in the physiology and pathology of exposure to stress. Acta, Inc, Medical Publishers, Montreal, Canada, 1950, pp 116–138
French JD, Longmire RL, Porter RW, Movius HJ: Extravagal influences on gastric hydrochloric acid secretion influenced by stress stimuli. Surgery 34:621–632, 1953
Hanson HM, Brodie DA: Use of the restrained rat technique for the study of the antiulcer effect of drugs. J Appl Physiol 15:291–294, 1960
Guth PH, Kozbur X: Pathogenesis of gastric microcirculatory and mast cell changes in restraint stress. Am J Dig Dis 13:530–535, 1968
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hase, T., Anderson, P.R. & Mehlman, B. Significance of gastric secretory changes in the pathogenesis of stress ulcers. Digest Dis Sci 20, 443–449 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01070789
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01070789