Abstract
Pterostylis plumosa (Neottioideae) is an orchid with monosulcate monad pollen. Tetrads may be isobilateral, decussate, tetrahedral, rhomboid or T-shaped, but all pollen grains have a similar shape. Those belonging to the same tetrads are contiguous from microspore release to opening of the anther, with the furrow oriented inwards. Sporophytic proteins are present outside the furrow. The tapetum is of the parietal type without orbicles. The increase in pollen grain size between meiosis and maturity is only three-fold. The generative cell is spherical when the pollen is mature. These features are discussed in relation to the primitive nature of the species.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brown, R. C., Lemmon, B. E., 1989: Minispindles and cytoplasmic domains in microsporogenesis of orchids. — Protoplasma148: 26–32.
, 1991: Pollen development in orchids. 3. A novel generative pole microtubule system predicts unequal pollen mitosis. — J. Cell. Sci.99: 273–281.
, 1992: Pollen development in orchids: 4. Cytoskeleton and ultrastructure of the unequal pollen mitosis inPhalenopsis. — Protoplasma167: 183–192.
Bruni, A., Fasulo, M. P., Tosi, B., Dall'olio, G., Vannini, G. L., 1976: Fluorogenic detection of primary amines in plant histochemistry with fluorescamine: a comparative study on the effects of coagulant and non-coagulant fixatives. — Histochemistry48: 269–281.
Burns-Balogh, P., 1983: A theory on the evolution in the exine inOrchidaceae. — Amer. J. Bot.70: 1304–1312.
, 1985: Evolutionary trends in the androecium of theOrchidaceae. — Pl. Syst. Evol.149: 119–134.
-Funk, V. A., 1986: A phylogenetic analysis of theOrchidaceae. — Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. — Washington, D.C.
, 1988: Pollen morphology of cypripedioid orchids. — Pl. Syst. Evol.158: 165–182.
Clifford, S. C., Owens, S. K., 1988: Post-pollination phenomena and embryo development in theOncidiinae (Orchidaceae). — InCresti, M., Gori, P., Pacini, E., (Eds): Sexual reproduction in higher plants, pp. 407–412. — Berlin: Springer.
Cocucci, A., 1988: Ultrastructural aspects ofEpidendrum male gametogenesis. — InCresti, M., Gori, P., Pacini, E., (Eds): Sexual reproduction in higher plants, pp. 251–256. — Berlin: Springer.
, 1969: Orchid embryology: pollen tetrads ofEpidendrum scutella in the anther and on the stigma. — Planta84: 215–229.
Coleman, A. W., Goff, L. J., 1985: Applications of fluorochromes to pollen biology. 1. Mithramycin-8-4.6-diamino-2-Phenylindole (DAPI) as vital stain and for quantitation of nuclear DNA. — Stain Technol.60: 145–154.
Cresti, M., Ciampolini, F., Kapil, R. N., 1984: Generative cells of some angiosperms with particular emphasis on their microtubules. — J. Submicr. Cytol.11: 317–326.
Dafni, A., 1987: Pollination in orchids and related genera: evolution from reward to deception. — InArditti, J., (Ed.): Orchid biology, pp. 80–104. — Ithaca: Comstock.
Davis, G. L., 1966: Systematic embryology of the angiosperms. — New York: Wiley.
Dressler, R. L., 1981: The orchids, natural history and classification. — Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Dumas, C., Knox, R. B., McConchie, C. A., Russell, S. D., 1984: Emerging physiological concepts in fertilisation. — What's new in Pl. Physiol.15: 17–20.
Fitzgerald, M. A., Calder, D. M., Knox, R. B., 1993: Character states of development and initiation of cohesion between compound pollen grains ofAcacia paradoxa. — Ann. Bot.71: 51–59.
Heslop-Harrison, J., 1968: Synchronous pollen mitosis and the formation of the generative cell in massulate orchids. — J. Cell. Sci.3: 457–466.
Hesse, M., Burns-Balogh, P., Wolff, M., 1989: Pollen morphology of the “primitive” epidendroid orchids. — Grana28: 261–268.
Hughes, J., McCully, M. E., 1975: The use of an optical brightner in the study of plant structure. — Stain Technol.50: 319–329.
Jensen, W. A., 1962: Botanical histochemistry. — San Francisco: Freeman.
Knox, R. B., Heslop-Harrison, J., Heslop-Harrison, Y., 1975: Pollen wall proteins. — InDuckett, J. G., Racey, P. A., (Eds): The biology of the male gamete. — Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 7 (Suppl. 1): 177–187. — London: Academic Press.
Konta, F., Tsuji, M., 1982: The types of pollen tetrads and their formation observed in some species in theOrchidaceae in Japan. — Acta Phytotax. Geobot.33: 206–217.
Lintilhac, P. M., 1981: Mechanical stress and cell wall orientation in plants. II. The application of controlled directional stress to growing plants; with a discussion on the nature of the wound reaction. — Amer. J. Bot.68: 1222–1230.
O'Brien, T. P., McCully, M. E., 1981: The study of plant structure—principles and selected methods. — Pearse, Melbourne: Termarcharphi Pty.
Pacini, E., 1990: Tapetum and microspore function. — InBlackmore, S., Barnes, S., (Eds): Microspores: evolution and ontogeny, pp. 213–237. — London: Academic Press.
, 1988: Amylogenesis and amylolysis during pollen grain development. — InCresti, M., Gori, P., Pacini, E., (Eds): Sexual reproduction in higher plants, pp. 181–186. — Berlin: Springer.
, 1991: Diversification and evolution of the tapetum. — InBlackmore, S., Barnes, S., (Eds): Pollen and spores: patterns of diversification, pp. 301–316. — London: Academic Press.
, 1984: The ultrastructure of pollen grain development inLycopersicum peruvianum. — Caryologia37: 21–50.
, 1986: Pollen, tapetum, and anther development in two cultivars sweet cherry (Prunus avium). — Phytomorphology36: 197–210.
, 1985: Pollen grain development in the olive (Oleaeuropaea L.): ultrastructure anomalies. — InWillemse, M. T. M., Van Went, J. L., (Compilers): Sexual reproduction in seed plants, ferns, and mosses, pp. 25–27. — Wageningen: Pudoc.
, 1981: On the widespread occurrence of poral sporophytic proteins in pollen of dicotyledons. — Ann. Bot.47: 405–408.
, 1992a: Development of plastids in pollen and tapetum of rye-grass,Lolium perenne L. — Ann. Bot.70: 179–188.
, 1992b: Plastids pathways in some reproductive cells. — InOttaviano, E., Mulcahy, D. L., Sari-Gorla, M., (Eds): Angiosperm pollen and ovules: basic and applied aspects, pp. 36–42. — New York: Springer.
Pearse, A. G. E., 1968: Histochemistry, theoretical and applied. 1. — London: Churchill.
Schill, R., Wolter, M., 1985: Ontogeny of elastoviscin in theOrchidaceae. — Nordic J. Bot.5: 575–579.
, 1986: On the presence of elastoviscin in all subfamilies of theOrchidaceae and the homology to pollenkitt. — Nordic J. Bot.6: 321–324.
Schlag, M., Hesse, M., 1992: The formation of the generative cell inPolystachia pubescens (Orchidaceae). — Sex. Pl. Reprod.5: 131–137.
Sheldon, J. M., Dickinson, H. G., 1983: Determination of patterning in the pollen wall of theLilium henryi. — J. Cell. Sci.63: 191–208.
Sood, S. K., Mohana Rao, P. R., 1988: Studies in the embryology of the diandrous orchidCypripedium cordigerum (Cypripedieae, Orchidaceae). — Pl. Syst. Evol.160: 159–168.
Willemse, M. T. M., 1972: Morphological and quantitative changes in the population of cell organelles during microsporogenesis ofGasteria verrucosa. — Acta Bot. Neerl.21: 17–31.
, 1980: Formation of pollen in the anther ofLilium. Development of the pollen wall. — Acta Bot. Neerl.29: 127–140.
Wolter, M., Schill, R., 1985: On acetolysis resistant structures in theOrchidaceae. Why fossil record of orchid pollen is so rare. — Grana24: 139–143.
, 1986: Ontogenie von Pollen, Massulae und Pollinien bei den Orchideen. — Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt56: 1–93.
Yeung, E. C., 1987a: Mechanisms of pollen aggregation into pollinia inEpidendrum ibaguense (Orchidaceae). Grana26: 47–52.
, 1987b: Development of pollen and accessory structures in orchids. — InArditti, J., (Ed.): Orchids biology: reviews and perspective, IV, pp. 194–226. — Cornell University, Ithaca: Comstock.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pandolfi, T., Pacini, E. & Calder, D.M. Ontogenesis of monad pollen inPterostylis plumosa (Orchidaceae, Neottioideae). Pl Syst Evol 186, 175–185 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00940796
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00940796