Abstract
The recent progress in the systematics of ballistosporous yeasts is discussed. The extensive isolation studies carried out in the last decade resulted in a marked increase in the number of ballistosporous yeast species which now number nearly fifty. The increased number of species has expanded the complexity of taxonomic properties in the following ways: expansion of the range of mol% G+C of nuclear DNA to 39–68.5, thus overlapping that of all basidiomycetous yeasts; increased complexity of conidiogenesis with the finding of the generaBallistosporomyces andKockovaella. Based on partial sequencing of 18S ribosomal RNA (positions 1451–1618 inSaccharomyces cerevisiae), it is suggested that mode of conidiogenesis has little value for defining genera. Consequently, ballistosporous yeasts merely represent the “ballistosporous stage’ of various taxa which cover the whole evolutionary spectrum of basidiomycetous yeasts. The importance of continuing isolation of ballistosporous yeasts is stressed, which together with molecular studies, will aid further progress in the systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Boekhout T (1991) Systematics of ballistoconidia-forming fungi. Thesis, Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht
Boekhout T, Fonseca A & Batenburg-van der Vegte WH (1991)Bulleromyces genus novum (Tremellales), a teleomorph forBullera alba, and the occurrence of mating inBullera variabilis. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59: 81–93
Buhagiar RW, Yarrow D & Barnett JA (1983)Bullera crocea andBullera armeniaca, two new yeasts from fruit and vegetables. J. Gen. Microbiol. 129: 3149–3155
Derx HG (1930) Étude sur les Sporobolomycètes. Ann. Mycol. 28: 1–23
Guého E, Kurtzman CP & Peterson SW (1989) Evolutionary affinities of heterobasidiomycetous yeasts estimated from 18S and 25S ribosomal RNA sequence divergence. System. Appl. Microbiol. 12: 230–236
Hopsu-Havu VK, Tunnela E & Yarrow D (1978)Candida sonckii sp. nov. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 44: 435–438
Ingold CT (1986)Bensingtonia ciliata gen. et sp. nov., a ballistosporic fungus. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 86: 325–328
Johri BN & Bandoni RJ (1984) Taxonomy of the sporobolomycetous genusBullera. Proc. Int. Symp. Taxon. Fungi, Madras 2: 536–547
Kreger-van Rij NJW (Ed) (1984) The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study, 3rd ed. (pp 1–1082). Elsevier Science Publ. Amsterdam
Kurtzman CP (1992) rRNA sequence comparisons for assessing phylogenetic relationships among yeasts. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42: 1–6
Li M-X (1982) Studies on Sporobolomycetaceae I. Taxonomy ofBullera. Acta. Microbiol. Sin. 22: 17–25
Meyer SA & Phaff HJ (1970) Taxonomic significance of the DNA base composition in yeasts. Spectrum 1: 1–29
Miller MW, Yoneyama M & Soneda M (1976)Phaffia, a new yeast genus in the Deuteromycotina (Blastomycetes) Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 26: 286–291
Nakase T (1989) Classification of ballistospore-forming yeasts. Yeast as a main protagonist of biotechnology, Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Yeasts, Perugia, Aug. 1988, Yeast 5: S511–516
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1985) Ballistospore-forming yeasts found on the surface of the Japanese rice plant,Oryza sativa L. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 31: 457–474
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1986a)Bullera derxii sp. nov. andBullera pseudoalba sp. nov., isolated from dead leaves ofOryza sativa andMiscanthus sinensis. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 32: 125–135
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1986b)Bullera intermedia sp. nov. andSporobolomyces oryzicola sp. nov., isolated from dead leaves ofOryza sativa. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 32: 149–155
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1986c)Bullera megalospora, a new species of yeast forming large ballistospores isolated from dead leaves ofOryza sativa, Miscanthus sinensis andSasa sp. in Japan. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 32: 225–240
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1987a)Sporobolomyces naganoensis, a new species of ballistosporous yeast equipped with ubiqui-none-9 isolated from a dead leaf ofSasa sp. in Japan. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 28: 1–8
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1987b)Sporobolomyces inositophilus, a new species of ballistosporous yeast isolated from a dead leaf ofSasa sp. in Japan. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 53: 245–251
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1987c)Sporobolomyces griseoflavus andSporobolomyces sasicola, two new species of ballistosporous yeasts isolated from dead leaves ofSasa sp. in Japan. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 33: 167–175
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1987d) Studies on ballistospore-forming yeasts from the dead leaves ofMiscanthus sinensis with description of new species,Sporobolomyces miscanthi, Sporobolomyces subroseus, andSporobolomyces weijmanii. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 33: 177–196
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1987e)Bullera variabilis, a new species of yeast with uniquely-shaped ballistospores from various plant materials. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 33: 343–354
Nakase T & Suzuki M (1988)Sporobolomyces yuccicola, a new species of ballistosporous yeast equipped with ubiquinone-9. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 54: 47–55
Nakase T, Itoh M & Suzuki M (1987a)Sporobolomyces falcatus sp. nov., isolated from a dead leaf ofMiscanthus sinensis in Japan. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan. 28: 295–301
Nakase T, Suzuki M & Itoh M (1987b)Sporobolomyces yamatoanus, a new species of ballistosporous yeast equipped with ubiquinone-9 isolated from dead leaves of various plants in Japan. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 33: 445–454
Nakase T, Itoh M & Sugiyama J (1989a)Bensingtonia ingoldii sp. nov., a ballistospore-forming yeast isolated fromKnightia excelsa collected in New Zealand. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 35: 53–58
Nakase T, Okada G, Sugiyama J, Itoh M & Suzuki M (1989b)Ballistosporomyces, a new ballistospore-forming anamorphic yeast genus. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 35: 289–309
Nakase T, Itoh M, Suzuki M & Bandoni RJ (1990a)Sporobolomyces lactophilus sp. nov., a ballistospore-forming yeast isolated fromAbies firma collected in Japan. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 31: 159–167
Nakase T, Itoh M, Takematsu A & Bandoni RJ (1990b)Bullera miyagiana, a new species of ballistospore-forming yeast isolated fromAbies firma collected in Japan. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 36: 33–39
Nakase T, Takematsu A, Itoh M & Boekhout T (1990c) Conspecificity ofBullera derxii, Bullera sinensis andBullera alba varlactis. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 36: 209–213
Nakase T, Itoh M, Takematsu A, Mikata K, Banno I & Yamada Y (1991)Kockovaella, a new ballistospore-forming anamorphic genus. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 37: 175–197
Nakase T & Takematsu A (1992)Udeniomyces, a new ballistosporous anamorphic yeast genus in the Cryptococcaceae proposed for threeBullera species which produce large bilaterally symmetrical ballistospores. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 100: 497–502
Nakase T, Takematsu A & Yamada Y (1993) Molecular approaches to the taxonomy of ballistosporous yeasts based on the analysis of the partial nucleotide sequences of 18R ribosomal ribonucleic acids. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. (in press)
Saitou N & Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4: 406–425
Shivas RG & Rodrigues de Miranda L (1983) Two new species of the genusSporobolomyces and a newRhodotorula species from leaf surfaces. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 49: 159–166
Sláviková E & Grabinska-Loniewska A (1992)Sporobolomyces lactosus, a new species of ballistosporous yeast equipped with ubiquinone-10. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 61: 245–248
Storck R, Alexopoulos A & Phaff HJ (1969) Nucleotide composition of deoxyribonucleic acid of some species ofCryptococcus, Rhodotorula, andSporobolomyces. J. Bacteriol. 98: 1069–1072
Sugiyama J, Tokuoka K, Suh S-O, Hirata A & Komagata K (1991)Sympodiomycopsis: a new yeast-like anamorph genus with basidiomycetous nature from orchard nectar. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 59: 95–108
Tsuchiya T, Fukazawa Y, Taguchi S, Nakase T & Shinoda T (1974) Serologic aspects on yeast classification. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 53: 77–91
van der Peer Y, Hendriks L, Goris A, Neefs, J-M, Vancanneyt M, Kersters K, Berny J-F, Hennebert GL & de Wachter RD (1992) Evolution of basidiomycetous yeasts as deduced from small ribosomal subunit RNA sequence. System. Appl. Microbiol. 15: 250–258
van der Walt JP (1973)Aessosporon dendrophilum sp. nov., the perfect state ofBullera dendrophila. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 39: 455–460
van der Walt JP, Ferreira NP & Richard PDG (1986) New basidiomycetous yeasts from Southern Africa I:Sporobolomyces kluyveri-nielii sp. nov. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 52: 431–436
van der Walt JP, Yamada Y, Ferreira NP & Richard PDG (1988) New basidiomycetous yeasts from Southern Africa. III.Sporobolomyces phylladus sp. nov. (Sporobolomycetaceae). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 54: 201–206
van der Walt JP, Yamada Y, Ferreira NP & Richard PDG (1989) New basidiomycetous yeasts from Southern Africa. IV.Sporobolomyces phylladus sp. nov., characterized by the coenzyme Q9 system (Sporobolomycetaceae). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 55: 189–195
von Arx JA & Weijman ACM (1979) Conidiation and carbohydrate composition in someCandida andTorulopsis species. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 45: 547–555
Weijman ACM & Rodrigues de Miranda L (1983) Xylose distribution within and taxonomy of the generaBullera andSporobolomyces. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 49: 559–562
Weijman ACM & Rodrigues de Miranda L (1988) Carbohydrate patterns ofCandida, Cryptococcus andRhodotorula species. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 54: 535–543
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nakase, T., Takematsu, A., Hamamoto, M. et al. The expanding realm of ballistosporous yeasts. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 63, 191–200 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872393
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872393