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The secotioid genus Galeropsis (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota): a real taxonomic unit or ecological phenomenon?

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Abstract

Despite the recent mycologists’ interest in relationships between gasteroid taxa and agaricoid Basidiomycetes lineages and an intensive debate on the evolution of enigmatic secotioid fungi, systematic studies of the genus Galeropsis have received little attention. Here, the taxonomy of this genus is revised based on morphological and nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS and LSU) data. The genus is shown to be polyphyletic, with at least five phylogenetic lineages corresponding to known genera of Agaricomycetes (Panaeolus, Agrocybe, Parasola, Conocybe, and Leratiomyces). The type species of Galeropsis, G. desertorum, is combined to Panaeolus, and other six new combinations are proposed. In total, eight type collections are studied. The lectotype for Psammomyces plantaginiformis is designated here. Gastrocybe iberica is placed as synonym of Panaeolus desertorum, and the names Galeropsis andina and Galeropsis bispora are synonymized under Panaeolus plantaginiformis. The detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of microscopic structures for all studied species are given. The phylogenetic inference and our current understanding of the phylogenetic structure and ecology of Galeropsis are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

We are very grateful to the curators of herbaria LIP, S, NYS, BAFC, BRNM, and AH for providing specimens for loan, and personally Dr. Régis Courtecuisse, Dr. Pierre-Arthur Moreau, Dr. Lorinda Leonardi, Dr. Andrea I. Romero, Dr. Susana Pereira, Dr. V. Spirin, Dr. Hana Ševčíková, and Dr. Javier Rejos for their help with specimens. Yury Rebriev (Russia) and Irina Gorbunova (Russia) kindly shared with us their collections and photos.

Funding

The research was partly supported by project АААА-А19-119020890079-6 of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (the authors EM, VM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, Saint Petersburg, Russia, RUS-197376

    Ekaterina Malysheva & Vera Malysheva

  2. Departamento Ciencias de la Vida (Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Madrid, Spain

    Gabriel Moreno & Manuel Villarreal

  3. Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, Lenin av. 125, Tula, Russia, RUS-300026

    Tatyana Svetasheva

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  1. Ekaterina Malysheva
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  2. Gabriel Moreno
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  3. Manuel Villarreal
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  4. Vera Malysheva
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Correspondence to Ekaterina Malysheva.

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Malysheva, E., Moreno, G., Villarreal, M. et al. The secotioid genus Galeropsis (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota): a real taxonomic unit or ecological phenomenon?. Mycol Progress 18, 805–831 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01490-6

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