Abstract
Leukocytes can be labelled with99mTc using HMPAO and gentisic acid methods. We compared the two methods with respect to labelling efficiency on mixed leukocytes and isolated polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear (MN) cells, and the in vitro stability of the label. HMPAO produced approximately 70% labelling efficiency on mixed or PMN cells and the label was stable in saline or plasma. Labelling efficiency on MN was only 14% and was less stable. Gentisic acid produced a labelling efficiency of 52% on PMN and 35% on MN, both were stable in saline but less stable in plasma. In conclusion, HMPAO produces higher labelling efficiency and the label shows greater in vitro stability in plasma. However, gentisic acid is much less expensive to use, allows labelling of MN cells, and should result in more favourable microdosimetry. Preliminary clinical results suggest that gentisic acid is equivalent to HMPAO but has the advantage of being much cheaper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amersham Canada Ltd (1986) HMPAO package insert
Ballinger JR, Reid RH, Gulenchyn KY (1988a) Radiochemical purity of [99mTc]HMPAO. J Nucl Med 29:572–573
Ballinger JR, Proulx A, Gerson B, Reid RH, Gulenchyn KY (1988b) A kit for labelling leukocytes or erythrocytes with technetium-99m. J Nucl Med 29:902
Becker W, Borner W, Burst U, Kromer EP, Gruner KR (1987) Tc-99m-HMPAO: a new platelet labelling compound? Eur J Nucl Med 13:267–268
English D, Andersen BR (1975) Labeling of phagocytes from human blood with99mTe-sulfur colloid. J Nucl Med 16:5–10
Farid NA, White SM, Heck LL, Van Hove ED (1983) Tc-99m labeled leukocytes: preparation and use in identification of abscess and tissue rejection. Radiology 148:827–831
Froehlich JW, Swanson D (1984) Imaging of inflammatory processes with labeled cells. Semin Nucl Med 14:128–140
Gerson B, Ballinger JR, Reid RH, Gulenchyn KY (1988) Comparison of pretinning methods to label leukocytes with technetium99m. J Nucl Med Technol 16:64–66
Gulenchyn KY, Reid RH, Gerson B, Ballinger JR (1988a) A preliminary study of the clinical utility of Tc-99m labelled white blood cells (WBC). Clin Invest Med 11: B7
Gulenchyn KY, Reid RH, Gerson B, Proulx A, Ballinger JR (1988b) Clinical utility of Tc-99m labeled white blood cells. Radiology 169: P229
Hanna RW, Lomas FE (1986) Identification of factors affecting technetium 99m leukocyte labelling by phagocytec engulfment and development of an optimal technique. Eur J Nucl Med 12:159–162
Kelbaek H, Fogh J (1985) Technetium-99m labeling of polymorphonuclear leukocytes: preparation with two different stannous agents. J Nucl Med 26:67–71
Marcus CS, Henneman PL, Butler JA, Kuperus JH (1987) Characteristics of the Tc-99m albumin colloid leukocyte preparation. J Nucl Med 28:574
McAfee JG, Subramanian G, Gagne G, Schneider RF, Zapf-Longo C (1987)99mTc-HMPAO for leukocyte labeling — experimental comparison with111 In oxine in dogs. Eur J Nucl Med 13:353–357
Mock BH, Schauwecker DS, English D, Young KA, Wellman HN (1988) In vivo kinetics of canine leukocytes labeled with rechnetium-99m HMPAO and indium-111 tropolonate. J Nucl Med 29:1246–1251
Peters AM, Danpure HJ, Osman S, Hawker RJ, Henderson BL, Hodgson HJ, Kelly JD, Neirinckx RD, Lavender JP (1986) Clinical experience with 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene-amineoxime for labelling leukocytes and imaging inflammation. Lancet 2:946–949
Schmelter RE, Loo C-Y (1988) Localization and stability of technetium-99m-Sn-pyrophosphate in rat neutrophils. J Nucl Med 29:1406–1410
Straub RF, Meinken GE, Srivastava SC (1986) Stannous glucoheptonate: an effective agent for Tc-99m labeling of blood cells. J Nucl Med 26:1052
Sundrehagen E (1984) A new technique for formation of99mTc-labelled blood leukocytes and platelets. Int J Appl Radiat Isot 35:365–366
Sundrehagen E, Bengtsson A-M, Bremer PO, Jacobsson H, von Krusenstierna S, Larsson SA, Schnell PO, Svenberg T, Svenberg Appelgren P (1986) A new method for granulocyte labeling with technetium-99m: preliminary results in abscess detection. J Nucl Med 27:555–559
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ecclestone, M., Proulx, A., Ballinger, J.R. et al. In vitro comparison of HMPAO and gentisic acid for labelling leukocytes with99mTc. Eur J Nucl Med 16, 299–302 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00842783
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00842783