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The effect of magnesium added to secondary cardioplegia on postischemic myocardial metabolism and contractile function —a31P NMR spectroscopy and functional study in the isolated pig heart

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Summary

This study investigated whether increasing the magnesium concentration during secondary cardioplegia improves postischemic myocardial recovery. Twenty-four isolated pig hearts were divided into four groups. All hearts were initially subjected to control perfusion with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution for 30 min, followed by a single infusion of St. Thomas' solution #2. The hearts were then maintained without perfusion at 12°C for 4h. Following this hypothermic preservation, the hearts in group I were reperfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution for 50 min, while hearts in group II and III were reperfused with a secondary cardioplegic solution containing 16 or 0 mmol/L magnesium, respectively, for 20 min followed by 30 min of perfusion with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. In group IV, the hearts were initially reperfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 16 mmol/L potassium for 20 min, followed by 30 min of reperfusion with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. The changes in high-energy phosphates and intracellular pH were monitored throughout the experiments using31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Heart rate, left-ventricular systolic developed pressure, and rates of pressure increase and decrease were measured during control perfusion and reperfusion to calculate the percent contractile functional recovery. Needle biopsies for measurement of energy metabolites with high performance liquid chromatography were performed at the end of preservation and reperfusion to confirm the NMR measurements. All six hearts in group I showed significantly less recovery of contractile function during reperfusion when compared to the hearts in groups II, III, IV (p<0.05). There was no difference in either recovery of metabolism or mechanical function among the latter three groups of hearts. None of hearts in groups II, III, and IV showed ventricular fibrillation, which occurred in all six hearts of group I upon reperfusion. The results suggest that a short period of re-arrest perfusion following ischemia (“secondary cardioplegia”) improves postischemic contractile functional recovery and prevents reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation. Increased magnesium concentration in the secondary cardioplegia did not provide additional benefit to the ischemic myocardium, possibly due to the low permeability of the sarcolemmal membrane to magnesium.

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Author notes

  1. G. Tian

    Present address: Biosystems, Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council of Canada, Bldg. M-40, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario

    G. Tian & G. P. Biro

  2. Biosystems, Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council of Canada, Bldg. M-40, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    B. Xiang, K. W. Butler & R. Deslauriers

Authors
  1. G. Tian
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  2. G. P. Biro
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  3. B. Xiang
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  4. K. W. Butler
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  5. R. Deslauriers
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Supported by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario

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Tian, G., Biro, G.P., Xiang, B. et al. The effect of magnesium added to secondary cardioplegia on postischemic myocardial metabolism and contractile function —a31P NMR spectroscopy and functional study in the isolated pig heart. Basic Res Cardiol 87, 356–365 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00796521

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00796521

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