Abstract
Foliar P concentration of slash pine was significantly related to the stand growth in the first 11.5 years. The relationship between foliar P concentration and total stand growth at foliar sampling improved as the plantation aged with coefficient of determination (R2) increasing from 0.14–0.15 at age 3.3 years to 0.56–0.65 at age 9.6 years. However, only 12–18% of the variation in total stand growth was explained by foliar P concentration at age 11.5 years when additional 40 kg P ha−1 was applied to the stands at age 10 years. This suggests that caution should be exercised in interpreting the foliar P concentrations of the established stands which had received application of P fertilizer just prior to foliar sampling. Periodic stand growth was more closely related to the foliar P concentration than total stand growth. Basal area and volume periodic annual increment (PAI) was better related to the foliar P concentration than height PAI.
Optimum foliar P concentration, at which the maximum stand growth was obtained, was between 0.093% and 0.110%. The optimum foliar P concentration for height PAI immediately prior to foliar sampling decreased from 0.097% at age 3.3 years to 0.070% at age 9.6 years. Critical foliar P concentration at age 9.6 years, at which 90% of the maximum basal area growth was obtained, was between 0.066% and 0.070%. Both optimum and critical foliar P concentration might decrease as the plantation aged.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bevege DI (1984) Wood yield and quality in relation to tree nutrition. In: Bowen GD and Nambiar EKS (eds) Nutrition of Plantation Forests, pp 293–326. Academic Press, London
Bevege DI and Richards BN (1972) Principles and practice of foliar analysis as a basis for crop-logging in pine plantations. II. Determinations of critical phosphorus levels. Plant and Soil 37: 159–169
Lambert MJ and Turner J (1988) Interpretation of nutrient concentration inPinus radiata foliage at Belanglo state forest. Plant and Soil 108: 237–244
Mead DJ (1984) Diagnosis of nutrient deficiencies in plantations. In: Bowen GD and Nambiar EKS (eds) Nutrition of Plantation Forests, pp 259–291. Academic Press, London
Mead DJ and Gadgil RL (1978) Fertilizer use in established radiata pine stands in New Zealand. NZ J For Sci 8: 105–134
Pritchett WL and Llewellyn WR (1966) Response of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Englem. varelliottii) to phosphorus in sandy soils. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 30: 509–512
Richards BN and Bevege DI (1972) Principles and practice of foliar analysis as a basis for crop-logging in pine plantations. I. Basic considerations. Plant and Soil 36: 109–119
Siegel J (1992) STATISTIX Version 4.0 User's Manual. 319 p, Analytical Software, St Paul, MN
Simpson JA and Grant MJ (1991) Exotic pine fertilizer practice and its development in Queensland. Queensland Forest Services Technical Paper No. 49, 17 p, VR Ward, Government Printer, Brisbane, Australia
Simpson JA and Osborne DO (1993) Relative fertilizer requirements and foliar nutrient levels of young slash pine, Honduras Caribbean pine and the hybrid in Queensland. Commonw For Rev 72: 105–113
Snowdon P and Waring HD (1990) Growth response byPinus radiata to combinations of superphosphate, urea and thinning type. For Ecol Manage 30: 313–325
Turner J and Lambert MJ (1987) Nutritional management ofPinus radiata at Gurnang State Forest, New South Wales. Fert Res 13: 127–137
Xu ZH, Simpson JA and Osborne DO (1995a) Mineral nutrition of slash pine in subtropical Australia. I. Stand growth response to fertilization. Fert Res (In press)
Xu ZH, Simpson JA and Osborne DO (1995b) Mineral nutrition of slash pine in subtropical Australia. II. Foliar nutrient response to fertilization. Fert Res (In press)
Zhong AL and Hsiung WY (1993) Evaluation and diagnosis of tree nutritional status in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb) Hook) plantations, Jiangxi, China. For Ecol Manage 62: 245–270
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, Z.H., Simpson, J.A. & Osborne, D.O. Mineral nutrition of slash pine in subtropical Australia. III. Relationships between foliar P concentration and stand growth. Fertilizer Research 41, 109–115 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00750752
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00750752