Conclusions
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1.
The chemical conversions which accompany the rectification of raw synthetic fatty acids and result in a loss of the fractions suited for soap manufacture are the most intensive in the boilers of the fourth and fifth columns.
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2.
During rectification of synthetic fatty acids under a rigorous regime, the weight-average of the acid number drops by 10–15% and the content of unsaponifiable substances is doubled or more than doubled, as is the content of resins. The changes of the carbonyl and the acid numbers pass through a maximum.
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3.
Synthetic fatty acids of high-molecular weight are sufficiently stable during heating to 320°C in 3–8 min and during rapid overheating of the feeds to the fourth and fifth columns (310–320°C); rapid overheating decreases the degree of thermal decomposition during rectification by almost 50% and increases the yield of acids suited for soap manufacture by 6.1%.
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Literature cited
A. I. Levin, L. O. Semenyuk, and B. V. Elchaninova, Rectification and Extraction of Products of Organic Synthesis [in Russian], Gostoptekhizdat (1960).
E. O. Turgel' and A. E. Belyakova, Investigation into the Products of the Thermal Decomposition of Higher Fatty Acids [in Russian], Gostoptekhizdat (1962).
P. N. Miloserdov and N. I. Gal'perin, Mas.-zhir. prom., No. 2 (1964).
N. K. Man'kovskaya, Experiments on the Application of Fat Substituents in the Manufacture of Soaps and Wetting Agents [in Russian], GOSINTI (1962).
G. Melvin, Large Molecules [Russian translation], IL (1960).
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Man'kovskaya, N.K., Zhurba, A.S., Grushevenko, V.I. et al. Chemical changes of synthetic fatty acids during rectification under industrial conditions. Chem Technol Fuels Oils 1, 120–123 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00731417
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00731417