Abstract
Subcutaneous adipose tissue from fetal pigs was examined for c-Fos expression in developing adipocytes. Enhanced c-Fos expression was found in the nuclei of adipocytes and cells closely associated with fat cell clusters from 75 and 105 day old fetuses. 50 day old fetuses which had no adipocytes showed no enhanced c-Fos expression in undifferentiated cells. c-Fos expression in adipocytes was not transient, but persisted through the gestational period from 75 to 105 days. The timing of c-Fos induction appears to be closely related to adipocyte differentiation and was found only in developing adipocytes and cells closely associated with fat cell clusters and was not found in independent stromal-vascular cells.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Graves RA, Tontonoz P, Platt KA, Ross SR, Spiegelman BM: Identification of a fat cell enhancer: Analysis of requirements for adipose tissue-specific gene expression. J Cell Biochem 49: 219–224, 1992
Ross RR, Graves RA, Greenstein A, Platt KA, Shyu HL, Mellovitz B, Spiegelman BM: A fat-specific enhancer is the primary determinant of gene expression for adipocyte P2in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 9590–9594, 1990
Distel RJ, Ro HS, Rosen BS, Groves DL, Spiegelman BM: Nucleoprotein complexes that regulate gene expression in adipocyte differentiation: Direct participation of c-fos. Cell 49: 835–844, 1987
Rauscher III FJ, Sambucetti LC, Curran T, Distel RJ, Spiegelman BM: Common DNA binding site for fos protein complexes and transcription factor AP-1. Cell 52: 471–480, 1988
Currie R, Eckel R: Characterization of a high affinity octamer transcription factor binding site in the human lipoprotein lipase promoter. Arch Biochem Biophys 298: 630–639, 1992.
Kaestner K, Christ R, Lane M: Mouse insulin-responsive glucose transporter gene: Characterization of the gene and trans-activation by the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 251–255, 1990
Stephens J, Pekala P: Transcriptional repression of the C/EBP-alpha and GLUT4 genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Regulation is coordinate and independent of protein synthesis. J Biol Chem 267: 13580–13584, 1992
Gurland G, Ashcom G, Cochran BH, Schwartz J: Rapid events in growth hormone action. Induction of c-fos and cjun transcription in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. Endocrinology 127: 3187–3195, 1990
Muller R, Curran T, Muller D, Guilbert L: Induction of c-fos during myelomonocytic differentiation and macrophage proliferation. Nature 314: 546–548, 1985
Mitchell RL, Zokas L, Schreiber RD, Verma IM: Rapid induction of the expression of proto-oncogenefos during human monocyte differentiation. Cell 40: 209–217, 1985
Muller R, Wagner EF: Differentiation of F9 teratocarcinoma stem cells after transfer of c-fos proto-oncogenes. Nature 311: 438–442, 1984
Stephens JM, Butts M, Stone R, Pekala PH, Bernlohr DA: Regulation of transcription factor mRNA accumulation during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation by antagonists of adipogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 123: 63–71, 1993
Stumpo DJ, Blackshear PJ: Insulin and growth factor effects on c-fos expression in normal and protein kinase C-deficient 3T3-L1 fibroblasts and adipocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 9453–9457, 1986
Stone RI, Bernlohr DA: The molecular basis for inhibition of adipose conversion of murine 3T3-L1 cells by retinoic acid. Differentiation 45: 119–127, 1990
Muller R, Bravo R, Burckhardt J, Curran T: Induction of c fos gene and protein by growth factors precedes activation of c-myc. Nature 312: 716–720, 1984
Hausman GJ, Wright JT, Jewell DE, Ramsay TG: Fetal adipose tissue development. Internatl J Obesity 14: 177–185, 1990
Hausman GJ, Thomas GB: The development of the inner layer of backfat in fetal and young pigs. J Animal Sci 58: 1550–1560, 1983
Hausman GJ, Wright JT, Thomas GB: Vascular and cellular development in fetal adipose tissue: Lectin binding studies and immunocytochemistry for laminin and type IV collagen. Microvascular Res 41: 111–125, 1991
Wright JT, Hausman GJ: Cytoplasmic proteins of porcine adipocytes: Identification with monoclonal antibodies. J Cell Biochem 45: 284–291, 1991
Muller R, Slamon DJ, Tremblay JM, Cline MJ, Verma IM: Differential expression of cellular oncogenes during pre- and postnatal development of the mouse. Nature 299: 640–644, 1982
Muller R, Verma IM, Adamson ED: Expression of c-onc genes:c-fos transcripts accumulate to high levels during development of mouse placenta, yolksac and amnion. EMBO J 2: 679–684, 1983
Mason I, Murphy D, Hogan BLM: Expression of c-fos in parietal endoderm, amnion and differentiating F9 teratocarcinoma cells. Differentiation 30: 76–81, 1985
Field SJ, Johnson RS, Mortensen RM, Papaioannou VE, Spiegelman BM, Greenberg ME: Growth and differentiation of embryonic stem cells that lack an intact c-fos gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 9306–9310, 1992
Gaskins HR, Kim JW, Hausman GJ: Decrease in local hormone biosynthesis andc-fos gene expression accompany differentiation of porcine adipocytes.In vitro Cell Dev Biol 26: 1049–1056, 1990
Gaskins HR, Hausman GJ, Martin RJ: Regulation of gene expression during adipocyte differentiation: A review. J Anim Sci 67: 2263–2272, 1989
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, K., Buhr, J., Hausman, G.J. et al. Expression of c-Fos in subcutaneous adipose tissue of the fetal pig. Mol Cell Biochem 155, 31–35 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00714330
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00714330