Summary
The locations of C-protein, H-protein and X-protein in rabbit psoas, plantaris and soleus muscles have been investigated with fluorescently tagged specific antibodies. Two systems have been examined: isolated myofibrils allowed the locations of these proteins within the sarcomere to be determined, while cryosections allowed a comparison of the amounts of these proteins between different types of fibre in the three muscles.
Using antibody-labelled cryosections, we find that the amounts of each of these proteins depends closely on the fibre type. In all the muscles studied, C-protein is present in the largest amounts in fast white and fast intermediate fibres and is absent from slow red fibres, while X-protein is absent from fast white fibres and is present in the largest amounts in fast and slow red fibres. In psoas muscle, H-protein is present in the largest amounts in fast white fibres and is absent in fast and slow red fibres. In plantaris muscle, however, H-protein is absent from fast white fibres but occurs in some slow red fibres.
All psoas myofibrils label with anti-C and anti-H and a minority label with anti-X. In each case the pattern of labelling is a zone in each half of the A-band. Measured across the middle of the A-band, the zones for H-protein are much closer together than for C-protein; the centre-to-centre spacings are 0.35 µm for anti-H and 0.64 µm for anti-C. The fluorescent zones for X-protein are slightly but significantly closer (0.52 µm) than those for C-protein. All soleus myofibrils label with anti-X but the centre-to-centre spacing was greater (0.67 µm). With plantaris myofibrils, where labelling occurs with anti-C or anti-H, the spacings resemble those in psoas myofibrils, but with anti-X the spacing resembles that in soleus myofibrils.
The spacing of the fluorescent zones in an A-band, whether produced by anti-C, anti-X or anti-H does not vary with sarcomere length. We conclude that X-protein and H-protein, like C-protein, are thick filament components.
With both fibres and myofibrils, there is no simple relationship between the amount of X-protein and the amount of C-protein. Many fast intermediate fibres in psoas and plantaris muscle label as strongly with anti-C as do fast white fibres but also label as strongly with anti-X as do fast and slow red fibres. Similarly, some psoas and many plantaris myofibrils label strongly with both antibodies. We conclude that C-protein and X-protein can coexist on thick filaments but do not compete for the same sites.
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Starr, R., Almond, R. & Offer, G. Location of C-protein, H-protein and X-protein in rabbit skeletal muscle fibre types. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 6, 227–256 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00713063
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00713063