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Pathogenetic mechanism of experimentally-induced spongy degeneration

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Summary

Ducklings fed diets containing INH at level of 0.1% developed in a period of 4 weeks a tissue syndrome which was described previously as a spongy degeneration of the white matter (Carlton andKreutzberg). The formal pathogenesis was the subject of this study. Early changes were observed after 48 hours of administration of 0.15% INH. Severe alterations appeared in astroglia cells of the subependymal tissue and in deep roof nuclei of the cerebellum, cerebellar white matter, cerebellar peduncles and in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata. Early changes included swelling of cell bodies and nuclei, formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, and rupture of nuclei. Later, coalesence of vacuoles and rupture of cells resulted in the formation of microcysts creating a status spongiosus. By this process the INH encephalopathy can be defined basically as an oedematous change of the astrocytes followed by a liquefaction of these glia cells and ending in a vacuolization of the affected region simulating the tissue syndrome of spongy degeneration.

Zusammenfassung

Jungenten, die eine 0,1% INH-Diät erhielten, entwickelten innerhalb 4 Wochen ein Gewebssyndrom, das als spongiöse Degeneration der Marksubstanz beschrieben wurde (Carlton u.Kreutzberg). Ihre Formalpathogenese wurde untersucht. Frühe Veränderungen waren 48 Std nach Verabreichung von 0,15% INH nachweisbar. Schwere Läsionen traten in Astrocyten des subependymären Marklagers und in den tiefen Dachkernen des Kleinhirns, im Kleinhirnmark, in den Kleinhirnstielen und in der Formatio reticularis der Medulla oblongata auf. Die Frühveränderungen umfaßten Schwellung der Zellperikaryen und Kerne, Bildung cytoplasmatischer Vacuolen und Kernruptur. Später führten Confluens von Vacuolen und Zellrupturen zur Bildung von Mikrocysten mit Auftreten eines Status spongiosus. Durch diese Veränderungen kann die INH-Encephalopathie, grundsätzlich als eine ödematöse Veränderung der Astrocyten definiert werden, die von einer Verflüssigung dieser Gliazellen mit Ausgang in Vacuolisierung der betroffenen Gebiete und Ausbildung des Gewebssyndroms der spongiösen Degeneration gefolgt ist.

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This investigation was supported in part by Research Grant HD-02055-01 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, U.S.A.

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Kreutzberg, G.W., Carlton, W.W. Pathogenetic mechanism of experimentally-induced spongy degeneration. Acta Neuropathol 9, 175–184 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00691442

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