Abstract
Observation of the adiabatic behaviour of energetic particle pitch-angle distributions in the magnetosphere (Lyons, 1977, and others) in the past indicated the development of pronounced minima or drift-loss cones on the pitch-angle distributions centred at α≃90° in connection with storm-time changes in magnetospheric convection and magnetic field. Using a model of a drift-modified loss-cone distribution (MLCD) of the butterfly type, the linear stability of electromagnetic whistler or ion-cyclotron waves propagating parallel to the magnetic field has been investigated. The instability is shown to be quenched at high frequencies ω<ω m =A/(A+1), whereA is the thermal anisotropy. This quenching becomes stronger the higher are the respective parallel hot particle thermal velocityA h″ and cold plasma densityn c . Particles around pitch-angles α≃90° are identified as generating electromagnetic cyclotron waves near the marginally stable frequency ω m . It is concluded that the absence of electromagnetic VLF and ELF noise during times when MLCD develops is the result of the shift of the unstable spectrum to low frequencies.
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Juhl, B., Treumann, R.A. Adiabatic-drift-loss modification of the electromagnetic loss-cone instability for anisotropic plasma. Astrophys Space Sci 72, 97–110 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00642168
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00642168