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Étude autoradiographique de l'influence de la température sur la prolifération cellulaire chez les embryons âgés dePleurodeles waltlii Michah. (Amphibien, Urodéle)

Autoradiographic study of the effect of temperature on cellular proliferation in late embryos ofPleurodeles waltlii Michah. (Amphibia, Urodela)

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Summary

We observed in Pleurodeles embryos, stage 34, that the duration of the cell cycle and its phases was approximately the same for every tissue but was easily modified by varying the temperature. The generation time and the duration of S phase in embryos submitted to a 12° C temperature instead of 26° C are tripled or quadrupled. A temperature rise produced a proportionale shortening inG 2 andM phases and a lengthening inG 1 phase. ThisG 1 phase is not detectable at 12° C but represent a 1/4 of the total generation time at 26° C. The more differentiated the cells are, the longer is theG 1 time. The cell population studied during these experiments are growing exponentially. Growth fraction, which represents the exponential growth basis, is temperature independent but has a tissue specificity. This growth fraction is smaller the more the tissue is differentiated. However, the relative rate of cell division, inversely proportional to the generation time, is temperature dependent and appears to control the embryo's relative rate of growth under different temperatures.

Résumé

Chez l'embryon de Pleurodèle au stade 34, la durée du cycle cellulaire et de ses phases varie peu selon les tissus mais dépend étroitement de la température. Le temps de génération et la durée de la phase S sont environ 3 ou 4 fois plus longs à 12° C qu'à 26° C. Lorsque la température s'élève, la phaseG 2 est abrégée dans les mêmes proportions que la phaseM; par contre, la durée de la phaseG 1 qui est nulle à 12° C s'allonge considérablement pour représenter environ 1/4 de la durée totale du cycle cellulaire à 26° C. La durée de cette phase est d'autant plus longue, à une température donnée, que les cellules sont plus différenciées. Les tissus étudiés représentent des populations cellulaires en croissance exponentielle. Le coefficient de prolifération, duquel dépend la base de la fonction exponentielle de croissance, est indépendant de la température mais particulier à chaque tissu. Il est d'autant plus faible que le tissu est plus différencié. En revanche, la vitesse de multiplication des cellules, qui est inversement proportionnelle au temps de génération, varie largement en fonction de la température; en outre, elle semble déterminer à elle seule la vitesse du développement des embryons aux températures choisies.

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  1. Laboratoire de Zoologie, Institut de Recherches Biologiques, Université Scientifique et Médicale de Grenoble, France

    G. Brugal

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Brugal, G. Étude autoradiographique de l'influence de la température sur la prolifération cellulaire chez les embryons âgés dePleurodeles waltlii Michah. (Amphibien, Urodéle). W. Roux' Archiv f. Entwicklungsmechanik 168, 205–225 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00634064

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