Abstract
This paper continues the hermeneutic-phenomenological investigation of natural science, in which understanding plays a role comparable to creative construction (see ‘Hermeneutics as an Approach to Science: Part I’ in Science & Education 2(1)). The first issue treated is that of language: Is the language of science part of the equipment of the scientist, the subject, or part of the object itself — nature already linguistically encased? This issue, arising from the so-called argument of ‘the double hermeneutic’, relates the general question of the role of the subject in natural science to the role of interpretation. Examples of major interpretative developments in physics are discussed. The inquiry suggests that the role of interpretation and hermeneutics is tied to the educative or ‘study-mode’ of science; and that this mode can, apparently, be found at all levels and stages of science. The nature of this interpretive mode, and its relation to the creative mode, is then analyzed on the model of Gadamer's description of the interpretation of art.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Apel, K. O.: 1968, ‘Perspectives for a General Hermeneutic Theory’, in The Hermeneutic Reader, pp. 320–345. See Mueller-Vollmer 1988.
Bevilacqua, F.: 1983, “Textbooks' Physics Versus History of Physics: The Case of Classical Electromagnetic Theory”, in The Principle of Conservation of Energy and the History of Classical Electromagnetic Theory, La Golliardica Pavese, Pavia, pp. 1–34, 231–244.
Bevilacqua, F: 1984, ‘H. Hertz's Experiments and the Shift Towards Contiguous Propagation in the Early Nineties’, Rev. Stor. Sci. 1, 239–256.
Bevilacqua, F.: 1986, ‘“Enchantment” and the Post Industrial Society’, in P. Thomsen (ed.), Science Education and the History of Physics, Physics Dept., University of Aarhus, Aarhus, pp. 42–54.
Bernstein, R. J.: 1983, Beyond Objectivism & Relativism, Univ. of Pennsylvania Press., Philadelphia.
Bohm, D.: 1965, The Special Theory of Relativity, W.A. Benjamin, New York.
Bondi, H.: 1964, Relativity and Common Sense: A New Approach to Einstein, Doubleday, Garden City, N.Y.
Cassirer, E.: 1953, The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms, Yale Univ. Press, New Haven.
Champagne, A. B., E. K. Leopold, and J.H. Anderson: 1980, ‘Factors Influencing the Learning of Classical Mechanics’, Amer. J. Physics 48, 1047–1079.
Collins, H. M.: 1981, ‘Stages in the Empirical Programme of Relativism’, Social Studies of Science 11, 3–10.
Connolly, J. M., and T. Keutner (eds.): 1988, Hermeneutics Versus Science, Univ. of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, Indiana.
Dallmayr, F. R., and T. A. McCarthy (eds.): 1977, Understanding and Social Inquiry, Univ. of Notre Dame press, Notre Dame, Indiana.
Dirac, P. A. M.: 1933, ‘On the Lagrangian in Quantum Mechanics’, Physikalische Zeitschrift der Sovietunion, 3, p. 64.
Dirac, P. A. M.: 1958 [1930], The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, 4th ed., The Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Dreyfus, H.: 1985, ‘Holism and Hermeneutics’, in Hermeneutics and Praxis, pp. 227–247. See Hollinger (1985).
Dreyfus, H.: 1991 Being in the World: A Commentary on Heidegger's Being and Time, Division I, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Eger, M.: 1992, ‘Hermeneutics in Science Education’, Science & Education 1, 337–48.
Eger, M: 1993, ‘Hermeneutics as an Approach to Science: Part I’, Science and Education 2, 1–29.
Einstein A.: 1949, ‘Autobiographical Notes’, in P. A. Schilpp (ed.), Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, Harper Torchbooks, New York.
Einstein, A., Lorentz, H. A., Weyl, H., and Minkowski, H.: 1952, The Principle of Relativity: A Collection of Original Papers on the Special and General Theory of Relativity, tr. W. Perrett and G. B. Jeffery, Dover, New York.
Erlichson, H.: 1973, ‘The Rod Contraction-Clock Retardation Ether Theory and the Special Theory of Relativity’, Amer. J. Phys. 41, 1068–1077.
Feynman, R. P.: 1948, ‘Space-Time Approach to Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics’, Rev. Modern Physics 20, 367–87.
Feynman, R. P.: 1966, ‘The Development of the Space-Time View of Quantum Electrodynamics’ (Nobel lecture), Physics Today, August, 31–44.
Gadamer, H. G.: 1975 [1960], Truth and Method, (Tr. G. Barden & J. Cumming, from the 2nd [1965] ed.), Crossroads, New York.
Gadamer, H. G.: 1976 [1966], Philosophical Hermeneutics, Univ. of Calif. Press, Berkeley.
Gadamer, H. G.: 1988 [1959], ‘On the Circle of Understanding’, in Hermeneutics Versus Science?, pp. 68–78. See Connolly and Keutner (1988).
Galison, P.: 1987, How Experiments End, The Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Gell-Mann, M.: 1989, ‘Dick Feynman, the Guy in the Office Down the Hall’, Physics Today, February, 50–54.
Gleick, J.: 1992, Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman, Pantheon, New York.
Gregory, B.: 1988, Inventing Reality: Physics as Language, John Wiley, New York.
Habermas, J.: 1984 [1981], The Theory of Communicative Action, Vol. 1 (tr. T. McCarthy), Beacon Press, Boston.
Hacking, I.: 1983, Representing and Intervening, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
Heelan, P. A.: 1977, ‘Hermeneutics of Experimental Science in the Context of the Life-World’, in Interdisciplinary Phenomenology, pp. 7–50. See Ihde and Zaner (1977).
Heelan, P. A.: 1983, Space Perception and the Philosophy of Science, Univ. of California Press, Berkeley.
Heelan, P. A.: 1988, ‘A Heideggerian Meditation on Science and Art’ in Hermeneutic Phenomenology, pp. 257–75. See Kockelmans (1988).
Heelan, P. A.: 1991, ‘Hermeneutical Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Science’ in Gadamer and Hermeneutics, pp. 213–228. See Siverman (1991).
Herget, D. E. (ed.): 1989, The History and Philosophy of Science in Science teaching (Proceedings of the First International Conference), Science Education and Department of Philosophy, Florida State University, Tallahassee Florida.
Hertz, H.: 1956 [1894], The Principles of Mechanics Presented in a New Form, Dover, New York.
Hesse, M. B.: 1980, Revolutions and Reconstructions in the Philosophy of Science, Harvester Press, Brighton, England.
Hesse, M. B.: 1988, ‘Socializing Epistemology’, in Construction and Constraint, pp. 97–122. See McMullin (1988).
Hollinger, R. (ed.): 1985, Hermeneutics and Praxis, Univ. of Note Dame Press, Notre Dame, Indiana.
Holton, G.: 1960, ‘Origins of the Special Theory of Relativity’, Amer. J. Phys. 28, pp. 627–36.
Husserl, E.: 1962 [1913], Ideas: A General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology (tr. W. R. Boyce Gibson), Collier-McMillan Ldt., London.
Husserl, E.: 1970 [1936], The Crisis of the European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology, Northwestern Univ. Press, Evanston, Illinois.
Ihde, D.: 1991, Instrumental Realism: The Interface Between Philosophy of Science and Philosophy of Technology, Indiana Univ. Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis.
Ihde, D. and R. M. Zaner (eds.): 1977, Interdisciplinary Phenomenology, Nijhoff, The Hague.
Ingarden, R.: 1973 [1937], The Cognition of the Literary work of Art (tr. from the German by R. A. Crowley and K. R. Olson), Northwestern University Press, Evanston, Illinois.
Ingarden, R.: 1989 [1961], Ontology of the Work of Art, (tr. R. Meyer with J. T. Goldthwait), Ohio Univ. Press, Athens, Ohio.
Kockelmans, J. J.: 1988, Hermeneutic Phenomenology: Lectures and Essays, University Press of America, Washington, D.C.
Kuhn, T. S.: 1970 [1962], The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Second ed., Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Latour, B.: 1987, Science in Action, Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Lorentz, H. A.: 1904, ‘Electromagnetic Phenomena in a System Moving With Any Velocity Less Than That of Light’, in The Principle of Relativity, pp. 11–34. See Einstein et al. (1952).
McMullin E. (ed.): 1988, Construction and Constraint, Univ. of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, Indiana.
Merleau-Ponty, M.: 1962, The Phenomenology of Perception (tr. Colin Smith), Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
Minkowski, H.: 1908, ‘Space and Time’, in The Principle of Relativity, pp. 75–91. See Einstein et al. (1952).
Mueller-Vollmer, K. (ed.): 1988, The Hermeneutic Reader, Continuum, New York.
Pais, A.: 1982, Subtle is the Lord: The Science and the Life of Albert Einstein, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.
Penrose, R. and W. Rindler: 1965, ‘Energy Conservation as the Basis of Relativistic mechanics’, Amer. J. Phys. 33, 55.
Polanyi, M.: 1958, Personal Knowledge, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London
Popper, K. R.: 1972, Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Rouse, J.: 1987, Knowledge and Power: Toward a Political Philosophy of Science, Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca.
Schilk, J. M., S. E. Driscoll, and C. S. Carter: 1989, ‘Problem Solving and Construction of Scientific Knowledge: A case Study in Epistemology’, in The History and Philosophy of Science in Science Teaching, pp. 322–331. See Herget (1989).
Schwinger, J.: 1989, ‘A Path to Quantum Electrodynamics’, Physics Today, February, 42–48.
Schweber, S. S.: 1986, ‘Feynman and the Visualization of Space-Time Processes’, Rev. Mod. Phys. 58, 449–508.
Silverman, H. J. (ed.): 1991, Gadamer and Hermeneutics, Routledge, New York and London.
Taylor, C.: 1971, ‘Interpretation and the Sciences of Man’, in Understanding and Social Inquiry, pp. 101–131. See Dallmayr and McCarthy (1977).
Weinstock, R.: 1965, ‘New Approach to Special Relativity, Amer. J. Phys. 33, 640–645.
Whittaker E., Sir: 1910, A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity: From the Age of Descartes to the Close of the Nineteenth Century, Longmans, Green & Co., London.
Williams, L. P.: 1965, Michael Faraday, Da Capo Press, New York.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Research for this paper was carried out, in part, under a CUNY Scholar Incentive Award. A version of the paper was read to the Philosophy Department, University of Auckland, in October 1992.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Eger, M. Hermeneutics as an approach to science: Part II. Sci Educ 2, 303–328 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00488169
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00488169