Abstract
High-titer lysates of a bacteriophage active against Lactobacillus lactis were prepared from liquid cultures as well as from areas of confluent lysis in soft-agar overlayers. Phage concentration and purification were accomplished by means of polyethylene glycol precipitation, differential centrifugation, and cesium chloride gradient centrifugation. The buoyant density of this phagein cesium chloride was 1.4795 g/ml. Characterization of phage growth cycle by one-step growth experiments under optimal conditions showed that the latent period was about 120 min, that the rise period lasted approx. 130 min, and that the average burst-size was about 80.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- p.f.u.:
-
plaque forming units
- m.o.i.:
-
multiplicity of infection
- PEG:
-
polyethylene glycol
- SSC:
-
standard saline citrate solution
References
Adams, M. H.: Bacteriophages, pp. 454–460. New York: Interscience 1959
Bachrach, U., Friedmann, A.: Practical procedures for the purification of bacterial viruses. Appl. Microbiol. 22, 706–715 (1971)
Bertani, L. E., Bertani, G.: Preparation and characterization of temperate, non-inducible bacteriophage P 2 (host: Escherichia coli). J. gen. Virol. 6, 201–212 (1970)
Douglas, L. J., Wolin, M. J.: Cell wall polymers and phage lysis of L. plantarum. Biochemistry 10, 1551–1555 (1971)
Hammond, B. F., Williams, N. B.: Phage susceptibility of encapsulated L. casei. Nature (Lond.) 206, 1173–1174 (1965)
Hurst, A., Stubbs, J. M.: Electronmicroscopic study of membranes and walls of bacteria and changes occurring during growth initiation. J. Bact. 97, 1466–1479 (1969)
Kiuru, V. J. T., Tybeck, E.: Characteristics of bacteriophages active against lactic acid bacteria in Swiss cheese. Suomen Kemistilehti B 28, 57–62 (1955)
De Klerk, H. G., Coetzee, J. N., Fourie, J. T.: The fine structure of Lactobacillus bacteriophages. J. gen. Microbiol. 38, 35–38 (1965)
De Klerk, H. G., Coetzee, J. N., Theron, J. J.: The characterization of a series of Lactobacillus bacteriophages. J. gen. Microbiol. 32, 61–67 (1963)
Murata, A.: Temperature sensitive growth of wild type phage J 7 of L. casei. Agr. Biol. Chem. 35, 667–673 (1971)
Nyiendo, J., Seidler, R. J., Sandie, W. E., Elliker, P. R.: Preparation and storage of high-titer lactic Streptococcus bacteriophages. Appl. Microbiol. 27, 72–77 (1974)
Oram, J. D.: Isolation and properties of a phage receptor substance from the plasma membrane of S. lactic ML 3. J. gen. Virol. 13, 59–71 (1971)
Oram, J. D., Reiter, B.: Phage-associated lysins affecting group N and group D Streptococci. J. gen. Microbiol. 40, 57–70 (1965)
Oram, J. D., Reiter, B.: The adsorption of phage to group N Streptococci: The specificity of adsorption and the location of phage receptor substances in cell wall and plasma membrane fractions. J. gen. Virol. 3, 103–119 (1968)
Reiter, B.: Some thoughts on cheese starters. J. Soc. Dairy Technol. 26, 3–15 (1973)
Sarimo, S. S.: Stimulation of synthesis of macromolecules in folatestarved Streptococcus faecium by folinic acid. FEBS Lett. 28, 271–274 (1972)
Sarimo, S. S., Johansson, V.: The fine structure of a Lactobacillus lactis bacteriophage. Intern. Res. Comm. System 2, 1429 (1974)
Sarimo, S. S., Turakainen, H.: RNA and protein synthesis in Streptococcus faecium cells grown in the presence or absence of folinic acid. Intern. Res. Comm. System 2, 1133 (1974)
Sozzi, T., Dentan, E.: Ultrastructure of some bacteriophages of lactic acid bacteria useful in the dairy industry. 18th Int. Dairy Congr. IE, p. 132 (1970)
Tourville, D. R., Tokuda, S.: Lactic streptococcal phage-associated lysin. II. Purification and characterization. J. Dairy Sci. 50, 1019–1024 (1967)
Walter, E. L.: Characteristics of a bacteriophage active against a Lactobacillus. Thesis, University of Southern California (1958)
Watanabe, K., Takesue, S., Jin-Nai, K., Yoshikawa, T.: Bacteriophage active against the lactic acid bewerage-producing bacterium Lactobacillus casei. Appl. Microbiol. 20, 409–415 (1970)
Whitehead, H. R., Cox, G. A.: Bacteriophage phenomena in cultures of lactic streptococci. J. Dairy Res. 7, 55–62 (1936)
Yokokura, T.: Phage receptor material in L. casei cell wall. Jap. J. Microbiol. 15, 457–463 (1971)
Youssef, M., Mach, F.: Müller-Beuthow, W., Haenel, H.: Isolierung und Charakterisierung von Lactobacillus bifidus-phagen. Zbl. Kabt., I. Abt. Orig. 213, 494–509 (1970)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sarimo, S.S., Hartiala, M. & Aaltonen, L. Preparation and partial characterization of a Lactobacillus lactis bacteriophage. Arch. Microbiol. 107, 193–197 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446839
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446839