Abstract
The effects of water washing and NaCl treatment on the cell surface of P. denitrificans were studied. Both treatments caused a release of material from cells. Chemical studies showed that NaCl treatment released material containing components characteristic of outer membrane. This treatment also increased the susceptibility of the organism to lysozyme. Scanning electron microscopy was used to monitor the effects of water washing and NaCl treatment on the cell surface. Both treatments were shown to alter the appearance of the cell surface. The disruptive effects of these procedures were found to be dependent upon the age of the culture.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- WW:
-
water wash
- SE:
-
saline extract
References
Costerton JW (1976) Relationship of a wall-associated enzyme with specific layers of the cell wall of a gram-negative bacterium. J Bacteriol 114:1281–1293
Forsberg CW Costerton JW, MacLeod RA (1970) Separation and localization of cell wall layers of a gram-negative bacterium. J Bacteriol 104:1338–1353
Fox GE, Stackebrandt E, Hespell RB, Gibson J, Maniloff J, Dyer TA, Wolfe RS, Balch WE, Tanner RS, Magrum LJ, Zablen LB, Blackmore R, Gupta R, Bonen L, Lewis BJ, Stahl DA, Luehrsen MR, Chen KN, Woese CR (1980) The phylogeny of prokaryotes. Science 209:457–463
Hindahl MS (1980) MS Thesis Illinois State University
Irvin RT, MacAlister TJ, Chan R, Costerton JW (1981) Citrate-Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-mediated release of outer membrane sections from the cell envelope of a deep-rough (heptosedeficient lipopolysaccharide) strain of Escherichia coli 08. J Bacteriol 145:1386–1396
John P, Whatley FR (1977) The bioenergetics of Paracoccus denitrificans. Biochim Biophys Acta 463:129–153
King BF, Biel ML, Wilkinson BJ (1980) Facile penetration of the Staphylococcus aureus capsule by lysostaphin. Infect Immun 29:892–896
Kocur M, Martinec T, Mazanec K (1968) Fine structure of Micrococcus denitrificans and Micrococcus halodenitrificans in relation to their taxonomy. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34:19–26
Kranz DM, Tsang JC (1976) Effect of saline on the releaseability of alkaline phosphatase from cells of Serratia marcescens. Microbios 15:165–175
Leive L (1974) The barrier function of the gram-negative envelope. Ann New York Acad Sci 235:109–127
Levvy GA, MacAllan A (1959) The N-acetylation and estimation of hexosamines. Biochem J 73:127–132
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275
Nikaido H, Nakae T (1979) The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. In: AH Rose and JC Morris (eds) Advances in microbial physiology 20. New York: Academic Press, pp 164–240
Nokhal TH, Mayer F (1979) Structural analysis of four strains of Paracoccus denitrificans. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 45:185–197
Salton MRJ (1978) Structure and function of bacterial plasma membranes. Symp Soc Gen Microbiol 28:201–223
Scholes PB, Smith L (1968) The isolation and properties of the cytoplasmic membrane of Micrococcus denitrificans. Biochim Biophys Acta 153:350–362
Schindler PRG, Teuber M (1978) Ultrastructural study of Salmonella typhimirium treated with membrane-active agents: specific reaction of dansylchloride with cell envelope components. J Bacteriol 135:198–206
Shields R, Burnett W (1960) Determination of protein bound carbohydrate in serum by a modified anthrone method. Anal Chem 32:835–836
Waravdekar VS, Saslaw LD (1959) A sensitive colorimetric, method for the estimation of 2-deoxy sugars with the use of the malonaldehyde-thiobarbituric acid reaction. J Biol Chem 234:1945–1950
Weckesser J, Drews G, Ludwig R (1972) Localization and biological properties of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. J Bacteriol 110:346–353
Whatley JM, John P, Whatley FR (1979) From extracellular to intracellular: The establishment of mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Proc R Soc Lond B 204:165–187
Wilkinson BJ (1977) Cell envelope of Paracoccus denitrificans: Outer membrane permeability to lysozyme and hydrophobic antibiotics. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2:285–288
Wilkinson BJ, Dorian KJ, Sabath LD (1978) Cell wall composition and associated properties of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. J Bacteriol 136:976–982
Wright A, Tipper DJ (1979) The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. In: JR Sokatch and LN Ornston (eds), The bacteria, VII, pp 427–485
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hindahl, M.S., Wee, S., Banks, D.H. et al. Removal of Paracoccus denitrificans outer membrane material by sodium chloride. Arch. Microbiol. 130, 307–311 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00425945
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00425945