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Summary

The fixation of a fracture in a plaster cast, or in traction is not absolutely rigid. Experiments were carried out on cadaver tibial fractures placed in long leg plaster casts. It was observed that the possible deformity ranged between 4–8° in a well-padded cast and 2–5° in a nonpadded cast. Further observation were conducted while hip osteotomies were compressed by external fixator. These osteotomies are further protected by hip spicas. It was demonstrated that increasing the length of the cast did not increase the degree of fixation. It is suggested that fracture healing in conservatively treated cases is optimal if movement of the fragments remains within the physiological elastic limits of the not fractured bone. Fracture healing can be disturbed not only by extensively denudation and soft tissue disturbance, but also by under- or overstressing the bone and by unphysiological immobilisation.

Zusammenfassung

Frakturen können in Extension und im Gipsverband nur relativ ruhiggestellt werden. Nicht immer ergibt der längste Gips die beste Ruhigstellung auf die Fragmente. Unter möglichst physiologischen Bedingungen (nicht gestörte Blutversorgung, normales Muskel- und Reflexspiel, physiologische Kompression auf Knochen etc.) heilen die Frakturen am besten, vor allem, wenn die Fragmente um die physiologische Achse pendeln und die Pendelbewegungen die physiologische Elastizitätsgrenze des Knochens im ungebrochenen Zustand nicht übertreffen. Die Frakturheilung kann nicht nur durch ausgedehntes Denudieren bei Operationen, sondern auch durch unphysiologische Ruhigstellung und Lagerung sowie Über- oder Unterbelastung gestört sein.

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Wiedmer, U., Freuler, F. & Bianchini, D. Die Relativität der Ruhigstellung im Gipsverband. Arch orthop Unfall-Chir 82, 177–181 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418980

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418980

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