Summary
In the present investigation we test the hypothesis that deficiencies in the X chromosome affect sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies in human fibroblast cell lines. Our results show increased mean SCE frequencies in cell lines with abnormalities of the X chromosome: 45,X; 46,X,del(X) (q13), 46,X,del(X)(p11), and 46,X,i(Xq); control cell lines were 46,XX. In only one abnormal line [46,X,del(X)(p11)] was the increase not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. If SCE formation is replication-dependent, the increased SCE frequencies might merely reflect the prolonged cell cycle we reported previously in cell lines with X chromosome abnormalities (Simpson and LeBeau 1981). Other explanations for differences between cell lines are possible, e.g., that deleted loci on the X chromosome affect cellular uptake of bromodeoxyuridine (BrDU). However, specific mechanisms were not explored directly.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alhadeff B, Cohen MM (1976) Frequency and distribution of sister chromatid exchanges in human peripheral lymphocytes. Isr J Med Sci 12:1440–1447
Bender MA, Kastenbaum MA (1969) Statistical analysis of the normal human karyotype. Am J Hum Genet 21:322–351
Chen TR (1977) In situ detection of mycoplasma contamination in cell cultures by fluorescent Hoechst 33258 stain. Exp Cell Res 104:255–262
di Berardino, Shoffner RN (1979) Sister chromatid exchange in chromosomes of cattle (Bos taurus). J Dairy Sci 62:627–632
Hayflick L (1973) Screening tissue cultures for mycoplasma infections. In: Kruse PF, Patterson MK (eds) Tissue culture—methods and applications. Academic Press, New York, pp 722–729
Hoo JJ, Parslow MI (1979) Relation between the SCE points and the DNA replication bands. Chromosoma 73:67–74
McFee AF, Long SE (1982) Sister chromatid exchanges in the active and inactive X chromosomes. Chromosoma 87:359–362
Michalova K, Malkova J, Urban J (1977) Cell division and sister chromatid exchanges in 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) mosaicism. Hum Genet 39:87–90
Perry P, Wolff S (1974) New Giemsa method for differential staining of sister chromatids. Nature 261:156–158
Sandberg A (ed) (1982) Sister chromatid exchange. Progress and topics in cytogenetics, vol 2. Alan R Liss, New York
Schmidt M, Stolzmann WM, Baranouskaya LI (1982) Replication variants of the human inactive X chromosome. Chromosoma 85:405–412
Schnedl W, Pumberger W, Gzaker R, Wagenbichler P, Schwarzacher HG (1976) Increased sister chromatid exchanges events in the human late replicating X. Hum Genet 32:199–202
Simpson JL, LeBeau MM (1981) Gonadal and statural determinants on the X chromosome and their relationship to in vitro studies showing prolonged cell cycles in 45,X; 46,X,del(X)(p11); 46,X,del(X)(q13) and fibroblasts. Am J Obstet Gynecol 141:930–940
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iqbal, M.A., Martin, A.O. & Simpson, J.L. Increased sister chromatid exchanges in human cell lines characterized by monosomy X or structural abnormalities of the X chromosome. Hum Genet 68, 205–208 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418389
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418389