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l-Threonine deaminase in marine planktonic algae

IV. Studies of substrate specificity and inhibition from substrate analogs. Evidence for additional l-serine deaminase activity in the cryptophyte Chroomonas salina

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Summary

  1. 1.

    The “biosynthetic” l-threonine (deaminating) dehydratase activity of 7 marine planktonic species from 5 classes of algae showed high substrate specificity toward l-threonine, with the exception of one alga. The algal extracts deaminated l-serine and l-allothreonine at rates which were 20–25 and 5–10%, respectively, of that of l-threonine, and these reaction were inhibited by l-isoleucine. d-Threonine, d-serine, l-homoserine, and l-O-methylthreonine were ineffective as substrates.

  2. 2.

    Extracts of the cryptophyte Chroomonas salina were exceptional in showing about twice the activity with l-serine relative to l-threonine. The reaction with l-serine was insensitive to inhibition by l-isoleucine and differed, in several respects from that with l-threonine. It was inferred that this algal extract contains a specific l-serine deaminase in addition to the regular l-threonine deaminase.

  3. 3.

    The rate of deamination of l-threonine by the algal extracts was not affected by the simultaneous presence of l-allothreonine but was markedly inhibited by l-serine and l-homoserine.

  4. 4.

    Kinetic studies of the effects of graded concentrations of the substrate analogs at a fixed (saturating) substrate level or of substrate concentration at fixed analog levels indicated that l-serine inhibited the threonine deamination by irreversible competition with the substrate, whilst l-homoserine affected this reaction by an unknown (presumably allosteric) mechanism not involving substrate competition.

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Abbreviations

TD:

l-Threonine dehydratase (deaminase)

SD:

l-serine dehydratase (deaminase)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Vancouver Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.

    Naval J. Antia & Robert S. Kripps

  2. Division of Human Nutrition, School of Home Economics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.

    Naval J. Antia & Robert S. Kripps

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  1. Naval J. Antia
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  2. Robert S. Kripps
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Antia, N.J., Kripps, R.S. l-Threonine deaminase in marine planktonic algae. Archiv. Mikrobiol. 94, 29–46 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414076

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414076

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