Summary
Intravenous contrast enhanced dynamic computed tomography of cerebral gliomata reveals a spectrum of patterns which reflect different degrees of neovascularity as well as a variable breakdown in the blood-tumor-barrier both intratumorally as well as between individual tumors. Phenomena not generally associated with gliomas including intrinsic neoplastic and peripheral cerebral hypoperfusion, hyperperfusion, and indications of vascular stealing are also demonstrated with this technique which conceivably explain and are partially responsible for certain aspects of the encephalopathy accompanying cerebral neoplasia. A comparison of the dynamic sequences with conventional selective cerebral angiography further indicates that the more contrast-sensitive dynamic method is potentially superior in the detection of subtle neovascularity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cohen WA, Pinto RS, Kricheff II (1982) The value of dynamic scanning. Radio Clin North Am 20: 23–25
Drayer BP (1981) Functional applications of CT of the central nervous system. AJNR 2: 495–510
Dubois PJ, Drayer BP, Heinz ER, Osborne D, Roberts L, Sage M (1981) Rapid serial cranial computed tomography for tumor diagnosis. Neuroradiology 21: 79–86
Hacker H, Becker H (1977) Time controlled computed tomographic angiography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1: 405–409
Inaba Y, Hiratsuka H, Komatsu K (1978) Sequential delayed enhanced CT in brain tumors. Neuroradiology 16: 549–551
Lewander R (1979) Contrast enhancement with time in gliomas. Acta Radiol 20: 68–702
Nakagomi T, Takakura K (1984) Dynamic computed tomography of brain tumor. No To Shinkei 36: 1031–1040
Mosskin M, von Holst, Ericson K, Noren G (1986) The blood tumor barrier in intracranial tumors studied with x-ray computed tomography and positron emission tomography using 68-Ga-EDTA. Neuroradiology 28: 259–263
Tachibana H, Meyer JS, Rose JE, Kandula P (1984) Local cerebral blood flow and partition coefficients measured in cerebral astrocytomas of different grades of malignancy. Surg Neurol 21: 125–131
Hilal SK (1968) The regional circulation in brain tumors. Scand J Lab Clin Invest [Suppl 102] XV
Brock M, Hadjidimos AA, Schurmann K, Ellger M, Fischer F (1969) Regional cerebral blood flow in cases of brain tumor. In: Brock M, Fieschi C, Ingvar DH, Lassen NA, Schurmann K (eds) Cerebral blood flow. Springer, New York, pp 169–171
Cronqvist S, Agee F (1968) Regional cerebral blood flow in intracranial tumors. Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) 7: 393–404
Espagno J, Lazorthes Y (1968) Cerebral blood flow in brain tumors. Scand J Lab Clin Invest [Suppl 102] XV
Furuse M, Brock M, Hasuo M, Dietz H (1981) Relationship between brain tissue pressure gradients and cerebral blood flow distribution studied in circumscribed vasogenic cerebral oedema. Neurochirgia (Stuttg) 24: 10–14
Hossman K-A, Bloink M (1981) Blood flow and regulation of blood flow in experimental peritumoral edema. Stroke 12: 211–217
Kuroda K, Olsen TS, Lassen NA (1982) Regional cerebral blood flow in various types of brain tumor. Acta Neurol Scand 66: 160–171
Ito M, Lammertsma AA, Wise RJS (1982) Measurement of regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen utilisation in patients with cerebral tumors using 0–15 and positron emission tomography: analytical techniques and preliminary results. Neuroradiology 23: 63–74
Lammertsma A, Wise R, Gibbs J, Thomas D, Jones T (1983) The pathophysiology of human cerebral tumours, and surrounding white matter and remote cortex. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab [Suppl 1] 3: S 9-S 10
Mantyla M, Kuikka J, Toivanen J, Pitkanen M, Schwanck N, Reckonen A (1981) Regional blood flow in human cerebral tumors during radiotherapy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab [Suppl 1] 1: S 569-S 570
Marmarou A, Takagi H, Shulman K (1980) Biomechanics of brain edema and effects on local cerebral blood flow. In: Cervos-Navarro J, Ferszt R (eds) Advances in neurology, vol 28: Brain edema. Raven, New York, pp 345–358
Yamada K, Hayakawa T, Ushio Y, Arita N, Kato A, Mogami H (1981) Regional blood flow and capillary permeability in the ethylnitrosourea-induced rat glioma. J Neurosurg 55: 922–928
Long DM (1970) Capillary ultrastructure and the blood-brain barrier in human malignant brain tumors. J Neurosurg 32: 127–144
Cronqvist S (1969) Angiography and cerebral blood flow in malignant glioma. Acta Radiol 8: 78–85
Liwnicz BH, Wu SZ, Tew JM (1987) The relationship between the capillary structure and hemorrhage in gliomas. J Neurosurg 66: 536–541
Takeda N, Tanaka R, Nakai O, Ueki K (1982) Dynamics of contrast enhancement in delayed CT of brain tumors: tissueblood ratio and differential diagnosis. Radiology 142: 663–668
Bergstrom M, Ericson K (1979) Compartment analysis of contrast enhancement in brain infarctions. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1979: 234–240
Norman D, Stevens EA, Wing SD, Levin V, Newton TH (1978) Quantitative aspects of contrast enhancement in cranial computed tomography. Radiology 129: 683–688
Shalen PR, Hayman LA, Wallace S, Handel SF (1981) Protocol for delayed contrast enhancement in computed tomography of cerebral neoplasia. Radiology 139: 397–402
Drayer B, Jaszczak R, Friedman A (1983) In vitro quantitation of regional cerebral blood flow in glioma and cerebral infarction: validation of the HIPDm-SPECT method. AJNR 4: 572–576
Penn RD (1980) Cerebral edema and neurological function: CT, evoked response, and clinical examination. In: Cervos-Navarro J, Ferszt R, eds. Advances in neurology, vol. 28: Brain Edema. Raven Press, New York: 383–394
Endo H, Larsen B, Lassen NA (1977) Regional cerebral blood flow alterations remote from the site of intracranial tumors. J Neurosurg 46: 271–281
Iannotti F, Hoff JT, Schielke GP (1985) Brain tissue pressure in focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg 62: 83–97
Hirano A (1980) Fine structure of edematous encephalopathy. In: Cervos-Navarro J, Eerszt R (eds) Advances in neurology, vol 28: Brain edema. Raven, New York, pp 83–97
Sutton LN, Bruce DA, Welsh FA, Jaggi JL (1980) Metabolic and electrophysiologic consequences of vasogenic edema. In: Cervos-Navarro J, Ferszt R (eds) Advances in neurology, vol 28: Brain edema. Raven, New York, pp 241–254
Lammertsma AA, Itoh M, McKenzie CG, Jones T, Frackowiak RSJ (1981) Quantative tomographic measurements of regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen utilisation in patients with brain tumors using oxygen-15 and positron emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1 [Suppl 1] S 567-S 568
Hossman K-A, Bloink M, Wilmes F, Wechsler W (1980) Experimental peritumoral edema of the cat brain. In: Cervos-Navarro J, Ferszt R (eds) Advances in neurology, vol 28: Brain edema. Raven, New York, pp 323–340
Wollschlaeger G, Wollschlaeger PB (1978) The transcerebral arteries: a post mortem arteriographic study. Neuroradiology 16: 249–252
Yamada K, Hayakawa T, Ushio Y, Kato A, Arita N, Mogami H (1981) Regional blood flow, capillary permeability, and glucose metabolism in the rat with ethylnitrosourea induced rat glioma. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1 [Suppl 1]: S 571-S 572
Cronqvist S, Lundberg N (1968) Regional cerebral blood flow in intracranial tumors with special regard to cases with intracranial hypertension. Scand J Clin Lab Invest [Suppl 102] 15
Nystrom S (1960) Pathological changes in blood vessels of human glioblastoma multiforme. Comparative studies using plastic casting, angiography, light microscopy and electron microscopy, with reference to some other brain tumors. Acta Path Microbiol Scand [Suppl 137]: 1–83
Palvolgyi R (1969) Regional cerebral blood flow in patients with intracranial tumors. J Neurosurg 31: 149–163
Potchen EJ, Davis DO, Adatepe MH, Taveras J (1969) Shunt flow in glioblastoma. Study in regional autoregulation. Invest Radiol 4: 186–192
Mones RJ (1965) Increased intracranial pressure due to metastatic disease of venous sinuses. A report of six cases. Neurology 15: 1000–1007
Silverberg GD, Hanbery JW (1971) Meningeal invasion by gliomas. J Neurosurg 34: 549–554
Tognetti F, Piazza G, Morrone B (1982) High grade astrocytoma with spontaneous meningeal and cranial invasion. Neurosurgery 11: 813–815
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jinkins, J.R. Neoplastic encephalopathy: dynamic CT of cerebral gliomata. Neuroradiology 30, 408–420 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404106
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00404106