Summary
Q-heterochromatin variants in seven autosomes (3, 4, 13–15, 21, 22) were studied in two Mongoloid populations of northern Asia (Chukchi and Khakass). Q-staining was obtained using propylquinacrine mustard. Of 132 Chukchi individuals aged 13 to 20 years, 124 had Q-polymorphic chromosomes, while eight (6.0%) had no bands with fluorescence levels 4 and 5. The mean number of Q variants was 2.2 per individual.
Of the 120 Khakass individuals aged 14 to 17 years, 112 had Q-polymorphic chromosomes, while eight (6.7%) had no Q variants with fluorescence levels 4 and 5. The mean number of Q variants was 2.5 per individual. No differences were found in the frequency of Q variants between sexes in the two populations. There was complete agreement between the observed homo-and heteromorphic frequencies and those predicted by the law of Hardy-Weinberg. As the Mongoloid populations of northern Asia showed statistically significant homogeneity both in the frequency of Q variants and the distribution of homo-and heteromorphic variants, they were examined as a single group—that of northern Mongoloids. The following questions are discussed: (1) the possible selective value of chromosomal Q-heterochromatin material in the adaptation of human populations to certain extreme environmental factors, in particular to cold and hypoxia; (2) the intraracial heterogeneity of Asian Mongoloids; (3) the taxonomic value of chromosomal Q polymorphism in ethnic anthropology.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexeev VP (1974) The geography of human races. Mysl, Moscow
Buckton KE, O'Riordan ML, Jacobs PA, Robinson JA, Hill R, Evans HJ (1976) C-and Q-band polymorphism in the chromosomes of three human populations. Ann Hum Genet 40:90–112
Geraedts JPM, Pearson PL (1974) Fluorescent chromosome polymorphisms: frequencies and segregation in a Dutch population. Clin Genet 6:247–257
Ibraimov AI (1974) A method of making preparations for differential staining of chromosomes. Bull Exp Biol Med 78:120–122
Ibraimov AI (1979) Individuality of human chromosome polymorphism revealed by Q-staining. Cytologia 21:30–33
Ibraimov AI, Mirrakhimov MM, Nazarenko SA, Axenrod EI, Akbanova GA (1982a) Human chromosomal polymorphism. I. Chromosomal Q polymrophism in Mongoloid populations of Central Asia. Hum Genet 60:1–7
Ibraimov AI, Mirrakhimov MM, Nazarenko SA, Axenrod EI (1982b) Human chromosomal polymorphism. II. Chromosomal C polymorphism in Mongoloid populations of Central Asia. Hum Genet 60:8–9
Kiselev SB (1951) Ancient history of South Siberia. Nauka, Moscow
Lubs HA, Kimberling WJ, Hecht F, Patil SR, Brown J, Geral P, Summit RL (1977) Racial differences in the frequency of Q and C chromosomal heteromorphisms. Nature 268:631–633
Müller H, Klinger HP, Glasser M (1975) Chromosome polymorphism in a human newborn population. II. Potentials of polymorphic chromosome variants for characterizing the idiogram of an individual. Cytogenet Cell Genet 15:239–255
Paris Conference (1971), Supplement (1975) Standardization in human cytogenetics. Birth Defects XI:
Rychkov YC, Sheremetieva VA (1976) Genetic investigation of the Circumpolar populations in connection with the problem of human adaptation. In: Resources of the biosphere, vol III, Human adaptation, Nauka, Leningrad, pp 10–12
Sachs L (1972) Statistische Auswertungsmethoden. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
van Dyke DL, Palmer CG, Nance WE, Yu Pao-Lo (1977) Chromosome polymorphism and twin zygosity. Am J Hum Genet 29:431–447
Yamada K, Hasegawa T (1978) Types and frequencies of variant chromosomes in a Japanese population. Hum Genet 44:89–98
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ibraimov, A.I., Mirrakhimov, M.M. Human chromosomal polymorphism. III. Chromosomal Q polymorphism in Mongoloids of northern Asia. Hum Genet 62, 252–257 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00333531
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00333531