Abstract
The missing chromosomal elements were cytologically identified in a primary monosomic (haplo-11) and 18 tertiary monosomics (lacking interchanged chromosomes) induced by radiation in the tomato. For the tertiary monosomics all interchanges occurred in the centromeres, and, as with single arms deficiencies in the same materials, deficiencies are tolerated for only 15 of the 24 arms of the complement. Non-homologous pairing was frequently observed in the univalent pachytene chromosomes. The monosomic condition was not transmitted to any of the 11,981 progeny of ten tested monosomics. Reproductive fertility and gross morphology were also studied.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature
Andrews, G. Y., and R. C. McGinnis: The artificial induction of aneuploids in Avena. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 6, 349–356 (1964).
Avery, P.: Chromosome number and morphology in Nicotiana IV. The nature and effects of chromosomal irregularities in N. alata var. grandiflora. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 11, 265–284 (1929).
Barton, D. W.: Pachytene morphology of the tomato chromosome complement. Amer. J. Bot. 37, 639–643 (1950).
Blakeslee, A. F. and A. G. Avery: Fifteen-year breeding records of 2N + 1 types in Datura stramonium. Cooperation in research. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 501, 315–351 (1938).
—, J. Belling: Chromosomal chimeras in the jimson weed. Science 60, 19–20 (1924).
Bridges, C. B.: Genetical and cytological proof of non-disjunction of the fourth chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 7, 186–192 (1921).
Brown, M. S., and J. E. Endrizzi: The origin, fertility, and transmission of monosomics in Gossypium. Amer. J. Bot. 51, 108–115 (1964).
Clausen, R. E., and T. H. Goodspeed: Inheritance in Nicotiana tabacum. VII. The monosomic character, “fluted”. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 11, 61–82 (1926).
—, D. R. Cameron: Inheritance in Nicotiana tabaeum. XVIII. Monosomic analysis. Genetics 29, 447–477 (1944).
Costa-Rodrigues, L.: Chromosomal aberrations in oats, Avena sativa L. Agron. lusit. 16, 49–79 (1954).
Darlington, C. D., and E. K. Janaki-Ammal: Adaptive isochromosomes in Nicandra. Ann. Bot., N.S. 9, 267–281 (1945).
Endrizzi, J. E.: Genetic analysis of six primary monosomes and one tertiary monosome in Gossypium hirsutum. Genetics 48, 1625–1633 (1963).
—, M. S. Brown: Identification of monosomes for six chromosomes in Gossypium hirsutum. Amer. J. Bot. 51, 117–120 (1964).
Einset, J.: Chromosome length in relation to transmission frequency of maize trisomes. Genetics 28, 349–364 (1942).
Hacker, J. B., and R. Riley: Aneuploids in oat varietal populations. Nature (Lond.) 197, 924–925 (1963).
Håkansson, A.: Zytologische Studien an monosomischen Typen von Godetia whitneyi. Hereditas (Lund) 31, 129–162 (1945).
Hiorth, G.: Über das Wesen der monosomen und der disomen Anordnung 3-Kette + Univalent bei Godetia whitneyi. Z. indukt. Abstamm.-u. Vererb.-L. 82, 1–11 (1948).
Huskins, C. L.: On the genetics and cytology of fatuoid or false wild oats. J. Genet. 18, 315–363 (1927).
Jagathesan, D., and M. S. Swaminathan: Viability and fertility of monosomics in Gossypium hirsutum. Curr. Sci. 30, 115 (1961).
Khush, G. S., C. M. Rick, and R. W. Robinson: Genetic activity in a heterochromatic chromosomal segment of the tomato. Science 145, 1432–1434 (1964).
Kihara, H.: Cytologische und genetische Studien bei wichtigen Getreidearten mit besonderer Rücksicht auf das Verhalten der Chromosomen und die Sterilität in den Bastarden. Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ. Ber. B 1, 1–200 (1924).
McClintock, B.: A 2N-1 chromosomal chimera in maize. J. Hered. 20, 218 (1929); - The association of non-homologous parts of chromosomes in the midprophase of meiosis in Zea mays. Z. Zellforsch. 19, 191–237 (1933).
McGinnis, R. C.: Aneuploids in common oats Avena sativa. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 4, 296–301 (1962).
Philp, J.: Aberrant albinism in polyploid oats. J. Genet. 30, 267–302 (1935); - Aberrant leaf width in polyploid oats. J. Genet. 36, 405–429 (1938).
Rajhathy, T., and P. L. Dyck: Methods for aneuploid production in common oats, Avena sativa. Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 6, 215–220 (1964).
Rick, C. M.: Cytogenetic consequences of X-ray treatment of pollen in Petunia. Bot. Gaz. 104, 528–540 (1943).
—, D. W. Barton: Cytological and genetical identification of the primary trisomics of the tomato. Genetics 39, 640–666 (1954).
—, G. S. Khush: X-ray-induced deficiencies of chromosome 11 in the tomato. Genetics 46, 1389–1393 (1961); - Chromosome engineering in Lycopersicon. Heredity 19, Suppl., 8–20 (1965).
Riley, R., G. Kimber: Aneuploids and the cytogenetic structure of wheat varietal populations. Heredity 16, 275–290 (1961).
Sears, E. R.: Cytogenetic studies with polyploid species of wheat. I. Chromosomal aberrations in the progeny of a haploid of Triticum vulgare. Genetics 24, 509–523 (1939); - II. Additional chromosomal aberrations in Triticum vulgare. Genetics 29, 232–246 (1944); - The aneuploids of common wheat. Univ. Missouri Res. Bul. 572, 1–58 (1954).
Snow, R.: Cytogenetic studies in Carkia section Primigenia. III. Cytogenetics of monosomics in Clarkia amoena. Genetica 35, 205–235 (1964).
White, T. G., and J. E. Endrizzi: Tests for the association of marker loci with chromosomes in Gossypium hirsutum by the use of aneuploids. Genetics 51, 605–612 (1965).
Winge, Ö.: Zytologische Untersuchungen über speltoid und andere mutantenähnliche Aberranten beim Weizen. Hereditas (Lund) 5, 241–286 (1924).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported in part by a grant (GM 06209) from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khush, G.S., Rick, C.M. The origin, identification, and cytogenetic behavior of tomato monosomics. Chromosoma 18, 407–420 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00332545
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00332545