Summary
Genetic studies have previously demonstrated that the RED1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. Northern blot hybridization analysis indicates that the RED1 gene produces two transcripts of 2.75 and 3.2 kilobases. The major 2.75 kb transcript is not present in mitotic cells and is meiotically induced to accumulate maximally just prior to the meiosis I division. The DNA sequence of the RED1 gene was determined and used to predict the amino acid sequence of the encoded gene product. The RED1 protein is 827 amino acids in length and has a molecular weight of 95.5 kilodaltons. There is no significant homology between the RED1 amino acid sequence and other known protein sequences, including those encoded by genes essential for meiosis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adzuma K, Ogawa T, Ogawa H (1984) Primary structure of the RAD52 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 4:2735–2744
Atcheson CL, DiDomenico B, Frackman S, Esposito RE (1987) Isolation, DNA sequence, and regulation of a meiosis-specific eukaryotic recombination gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:8035–8039
Baker BS, Carpenter ATC (1972) Genetic analysis of sex chromosomal meiotic mutants in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 71:255–286
Baker BS, Carpenter ATC, Esposito MS, Esposito RE, Sandler L (1976) The genetic control of meiosis. Annu Rev Genet 10:53–134
Baum P, Furlong C, Byers B (1986) Yeast gene required for spindle pole body duplication: homology of its product with Ca2+-binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:5512–5516
Berg JM (1986) Potential metal-binding domains in nuclei acid binding proteins. Science 232:485–487
Carpenter ATC (1979) Recombination nodules and synaptonemal complex in recombination-defective females of Drosophila melanogaster. Chromosoma 75:259–292
Connolly B, White CI, Haber JE (1988) Physical monitoring of mating type switching in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 8:2342–2349
Dever TE, Glynias MJ, Merrick WC (1987) GTP-binding domain: three consensus sequence elements with distinct spacing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:1814–1818
Elder RT, Loh EY, Davis RW (1983) RNA from the yeast transposable element Ty1 has both ends in the direct repeats, a structure similar to retrovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:2432–2436
Engebrecht J, Roeder GS (1989) Yeast merl mutants display reduced levels of meiotic recombination. Genetics 121:237–247
Esposito RE, Klapholz S (1981) Meiosis and ascospore development. In: Strathern JN, Jones EW, Broach JR (eds) The molecular biology of the yeast Saccharomyces, life cycle and inheritance. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pp 211–287
Farnet C, Padmore R, Cao L, Raymond W, Alani E, Kleckner N (1988) The RAD50 gene of S. cerevisiae. In: Freidberg E, Hanawalt P (eds) Mechanisms and consequences of DNA damage processing, UCLA symposia on molecular and cellular biology, new series, vol 83. Alan R Liss Inc, New York, in press
Fast D (1973) Sporulation synchrony of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in various carbon sources. J Bacteriol 116:925–930
Frischauf AM, Garoff H, Lehrach H (1980) A subcloning strategy for DNA sequence analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 8:5541–5548
Garber AT, Segall J (1986) The SPS4 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a major sporulation-specific mRNA. Mol Cell Biol 6:4478–4485
Georgiev OI, Nikolaev N, Hadjiolov AA, Skryabin KG, Zakharyev VM, Bayer AA (1981) The structure of the yeast ribosomal RNA genes. IV. Complete sequence of the 25 S rRNA gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res 9:6953–6958
Hahn S, Hoar ET, Guarente L (1985) Each of three “TATA elements” specifies a subset of the transcription initiation sites at the CYC-1 promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:8562–8566
Hall JC (1972) Chromosome segregation influenced by two alleles of the meiotic mutant c (3) G in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 71:367–400
Hawley RS (1988) Exchange and chromosomalsegregation in eukaryotes. In: Kucherlapati R, Smith G (eds) Genetic recombination. American Society for Microbiology, pp 497–527
Hinnen A, Hicks JB, Fink GR (1978) Transformation of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:1929–1933
Hollingsworth N, Byers B (1989) HOP1: A yeast meiotic pairing gene. Genetics 121:445–462
Hunt LT, Dayhoff MO (1970) The occurrence in proteins of the tripeptides ASN-X-SER and ASN-X-THR and of bound carbohydrate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 39:757–765
Jensen RE, Herskowitz I (1984) Directionality and regulation of cassette substitution in yeast. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 49:97–104
Klapholz S, Esposito RE (1980) Recombination and chromosome segregation during the single division meiosis in spo12-1 and spo13-1 diploids. Genetics 96:589–611
Klapholz S, Waddell CS, Esposito RE (1985) The role of the SPO11 gene in meiotic recombination in yeast. Genetics 110:187–216
Kozak M (1978) How do eucaryotic ribosomes select initiation regions in messenger RNA? Cell 15:1109–1123
Kozak M (1984) Compilation and analysis of sequences upstream from the translational start site in eukaryotic mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 12:857–872
Krieg PA, Melton DA (1978) In vitro RNA synthesis with SP6 RNA polymerase. Methods Enzymol 155:397–415
Langford CJ, Klinz F, Donath C, Gallwitz D (1984) Point mutations identify the conserved intron-contained TACTAAC box as an essential splicing signal sequence in yeast. Cell 36:645–653
Maguire MP (1978) Evidence for a separate genetic control of crossing over and chiasma maintenance in maize. Chromosoma 65:173–183
Malone E (1983) Multiple mutant analysis of recombination in yeast. Mol Gen Genet 189:405–412
Malone E, Esposito RE (1981) Recombinationless meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1:891–901
Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook J (1982) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
McLaughlin CS, Warner JR, Edmonds M, Nakazato H, Vaughan MH (1973) Polyadenylic acid sequences in yeast messenger ribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem 248:1466–1471
McLeod M, Stein M, Beach D (1987) The product of the mei3 + gene, expressed under control of the mating-type locus, induces meiosis and sporulation in fission yeast. EMBO J 6:729–736
Meade H, Riley MI, Manney TR (1977) Expression of cryptopleurine resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 129:1428–1434
Melton DA, Krieg PA, Rebagliati MR, Maniatis T, Zinn K, Green MR (1984) Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res 12:7035–7056
Miller J, McLaughlin AD, Klug A (1985) Repetitive zinc-binding domains in the protein transcription factor IIIA from Xenopus oocytes. EMBO J 4:1609–1614
Nagawa F, Fink GR (1985) The relationship between the “TATA” sequence and transcription initiation sites at the HIS4 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:8557–8561
Nasmyth KA (1982) Molecular genetics of yeast mating type. Annu Rev Genet 16:439–500
Orr-Weaver TL, Szostak JW, Rothstein RJ (1981) Yeast transformation: a model system for the study of recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:6354–6348
Pabo CO (1984) Protein-DNA recognition. Annu Rev Biochem 53:293–321
Percival-Smith A, Segall J (1986) Characterization and mutational analysis of a cluster of three genes expressed preferentially during sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 6:2443–2451
Pikielny CW, Teem JL, Rosbash M (1983) Evidence for the biochemical role of an internal sequence in yeast nuclear mRNA introns: implications for U1 RNA and metazoan mRNA splicing. Cell 34:395–403
Rockmill B, Roeder GS (1988) RED1: A yeast gene required for the segregation of chromosomes during the reductional division of meiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6057–6061
Rubtsov PM, Musakhanov MM, Zakharyev VM, Krayev AS, Skryabin KG, Bayev AS (1980) The structure of the yeast ribosomal RNA genes. I. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 18S ribosomal gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res 8:5779–5794
Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:5463–5467
Sherman F, Fink GR, Hicks JB (1983) Methods in yeast genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
Smith PA, King RC (1968) Genetic control of synaptonemal complexes in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 60:335–351
Wagstaff J, Gottlieb S, Esposito RE (1986) The role of RAD50 in meiotic intrachromosomal recombination. In: Klar A, Strathern JN (eds) Current communications in molecular biology: mechanisms of yeast recombination. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pp 75–83
Walker JE, Saraste M, Runswick MJ, Gay NJ (1982) Distantly related sequences in the α-and β-subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases and other ATP-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold. EMBO J 1:945–951
Wang H, Frackman S, Kowalisyn J, Esposito RE, Elder R (1987) Developmental regulation of SPO13, a gene required for separation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis I. Mol Cell Biol 7:1425–1435
Zaret KS, Sherman F (1982) DNA sequence required for efficient transcription termination in yeast. Cell 28:563–573
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by G.R. Fink
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Thompson, E.A., Roeder, G.S. Expression and DNA sequence of RED1, a gene required for meiosis I chromosome segregation in yeast. Molec Gen Genet 218, 293–301 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00331281
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00331281