Abstract
Rice mitochondrial DNA contains an intact copy and a pseudogene copy of a apocytochrome b gene (cob-1 and cob-2, respectively). Using primer extension and capping analyses, the transcriptional start site has been mapped; an 11-base motif at the transcription start site closely matches the consensus promoter motifs proposed for maize, wheat and soybean mitochondrial genes. Although both copies are identical in the 5′ upstream region and through most of the coding region, only cob-1-specific mRNA is detected on RNA gel-blots. Run-on transcription analysis indicates, however, that both cob-1 and cob-2 mRNAs are synthesized in vivo but less cob-2 is accumulated. At its mapped 3′ terminus the cob-1 transcript possesses a sequence that could fold into a double stem-loop structure. The possible roles of a double stem-loop structure in mitochondrial gene expression are discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adams CC, Stern DB (1990) Nucleic Acids Res 18:6003–6010
Aiba H, Adhya S, De Crombrugghe B (1981) J Biol Chem 256:11905–11910
André C, Levy A, Walbot V (1992) Trends Genet 3:288–293
Bailey-Serres J, Hanson DK, Fox TD, Leaver CJ (1986) Cell 47:567–576
Birnstiel ML, Busslinger M, Strub K (1985) Cell 41:349–359
Bonen L, Bird S (1988) Gene 73:47–56
Bonen L, Boer PH, Gray MW (1984) EMBO J 3:2531–2536
Brown GG, Auchincloss AH, Covello PS, Bray MW, Menassa R, Singh M (1991) Mol Gen Genet 228:345–355
Covello PS, Gray MW (1991) Curr Genet 20:245–251
Dewey RE, Levings CS III, Timothy DH (1986) Cell 44:439–449
Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1983) Anal Biochem 132:6–13
Fragoso LL, Nichols SE, Levings CS III (1989) Genome 31:160–168
Grabau E, Harlik M, Gesteland R (1988) Curr Genet 13:83–89
Gray MW, Hanic-Joyce PJ, Covello PS (1992) Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Bio 43:145–175
Gualberto JM, Domon C, Weil J-H, Grienenberger J-M (1990) Curr Genet 17:41–47
Hanic-Joyce PJ, Gray MW (1991) Mol Cell Biol 11:2035–2039
Hanic-Joyce PJ, Spencer DF, Gray MW (1990) Plant Mol Biol 15:551–559
Hiesel R, Schobel W, Schuster W, Brennicke A (1987) EMBO J 6:29–34
Isaac PG, Brennicke A, Dunbar SM, Leaver CJ (1985) Curr Genet 10:321–328
Kadowaki K, Suzuki T, Kazama S (1990) Mol Gen Genet 224:10–16
Kaleikau EK, André CP, Doshi B, Walbot V (1990) Nucleic Acids Res 18:372
Levings CS III, Sederoff RR (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:4055–4059
Liu AW, Narayanan KK, André CP, Kaleikau EK, Walbot V (1992) Curr Genet 21:507–513
Lonsdale DM (1989) In: Stump PK, Conn EE (eds) The biochemistry of plants 15: 229–295
Luehrsen KR, Walbot V (1991) Mol Gen Genet 225:81–93
Makaroff CA, Apel IJ, Palmer JD (1989) J Biol Chem 264:11706–11713
Maloney AP, Walbot V (1990) J Mol Biol 213:633–649
Maloney AP, Traynor PL, Levings CS III, Walbot V (1989) Curr Genet 15:207–212
Maniatis T, Fritsch EF, Sambrook J (1982) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
Morikami A, Nakamura K (1987) J Biochem 101:967–976
Mulligan RM, Lau GT, Walbot V (1988a) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:7998–8002
Mulligan RM, Maloney AP, Walbot V (1988b) Mol Gen Genet 211:373–380
Mulligan RM, Leon P, Walbot V (1991) Mol Cell Biol 11:533–543
Neuhaus H, Scholz A, Link G (1989) Curr Genet 15:63–70
Newton KJ (1988) Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Bio 39:503–532
Pruitt KD, Hanson MR (1989) Curr Genet 16:281–291
Rapp WD, Stern DB (1992) EMBO 11:1065–1073
Rosenberg M, Court D (1979) Annu Rev Genet 13:319–353
Rothenberg M, Hanson MR (1987) Mol Gen Genet 209:21–27
Ruf M, Kössel H (1988) Nucleic Acids Res 16:5741–5754
Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:5463–5467
Saalaoui E, Litvak S, Araya A (1990) Plant Sci 66:237–246
Schuster W, Brennicke A (1986) Mol Gen Genet 204:29–35
Schuster W, Hiesel R, Isaac PG, Leaver CJ, Brennicke A (1986) Nucleic Acids Res 14:5943–5954
Stern DB, Gruissem W (1987) Cell 51:1146–1157
Stern DB, Jones H, Gruissem W (1989) J Biol Chem 264:18742–18750
Stern DB, Radwanski ER, Kindle KL (1991) Plant Cell 3:285–297
Wahleithner JA, Wolstenholme DR (1988) Nucleic Acids Res 16:6897–6913
Wissinger B, Hiesel R, Schuster W, Brennicke A (1988) Mol Gen Genet 212:56–65
Young EG, Hanson MR (1987) Cell 50:41–49
Young EG, Hanson MR, Dierks PM (1986) Nucleic Acids Res 14:7995–8006
Zuker M (1989) Science 244:48–52
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by D. R. Wolstenholme
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kaleikau, E.K., André, C.P. & Walbot, V. Structure and expression of the rice mitochondrial apocytochrome b gene (cob-1) and pseudogene (cob-2). Curr Genet 22, 463–470 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00326411
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00326411