Summary
The cerebellar nuclear projection from the lateral reticular nucleus (NRL) was studied in 29 cats by means of retrograde axonal transport after implantation of the crystalline wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) complex in the cerebellar nuclei. It was confirmed that all the cerebellar nuclei receive afferent fibres from the NRL with the strongest termination in the ipsilateral interposed nuclei. In addition, these experiments give evidence of a previously unrecognized topical pattern in the projection to the interposed nuclei, arranged according to the same principle as in the projection to the immediately overlying cerebellar cortex. Thus, the anterior interposed nucleus receives fibres from all parts of the main NRL, its rostral part especially from laterally situated neurons, while subsequent more caudal parts from more medially situated neurons, while the posterior interposed nucleus receives fibres mainly from the dorsomedial part of the main NRL.
The cerebellar nuclear projection to the NRL was investigated in 15 cats using retrograde transport after ventral microiontophoretical ejections of the WGA-HRP complex in the main NRL. The contralateral rostral fastigial nucleus was confirmed as the main origin of this projection, but projecting neurons were, in addition, discovered rostrally in the anterior interposed and dentate nuclei on the same side. No topical differences could be observed following ejections in different parts of the NRL; the majority of the projecting neurons were always concentrated along the ventral and lateral borders of the fastigial nucleus and in the adjacent medial part of the anterior interposed nucleus.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Angaut P (1970) The ascending projections of the nucleus interpositus posterior of the cat cerebellum: an experimental anatomical study using silver impregnation methods. Brain Res 24:377–394
Batton RR III, Jayaraman A, Ruggiero D, Carpenter MB (1977) Fastigial efferent projections in the monkey: an autoradiographic study. J Comp Neurol 174:281–306
Bishop GA, McCrea RA, Kitai ST (1976) Afferent projections to the nucleus interpositus anterior (NIa) and lateral nucleus (LN) of the cat cerebellum. Anat Rec 184:360
Brodal A (1972) Cerebrocerebellar pathways. Anatomical data and some functional implications. Acta Neurol Scand 48:153–195
Brodal A (1981) Neurological anatomy in relation to clinical medicine. Oxford Univ Press, New York London
Brodal P (1975) Demonstration of a somatotopically organized projection onto the paramedian lobule and the anterior lobe from the lateral reticular nucleus: an experimental study with the horseradish peroxidase method. Brain Res 95:221–239
Brodal P, Dietrichs E, Bjålie JG, Nordby T, Walberg F (1983) Is lectine-coupled horseradish peroxidase taken up and transported by undamaged as well as by damaged fibres in the central nervous system? Brain Res 278:1–9
Brodal P, Dietrichs E, Walberg F (1986) Do pontocerebellar mossy fibres give off collaterals to the cerebellar nuclei? An experimental study in the cat with implantation of crystalline HRP-WGA. Neurosci Res 4:12–24
Brooks VB, Thach WT (1981) Cerebellar control of posture and movement. In: Brooks VB (ed) Handbook of physiology, section 1: the nervous system, vol 2. Motor control. Am Physiol Soc. Bethesda, Maryland
Chan-Palay V (1977) Cerebellar dentate nucleus: organization, cytology and transmitters. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Chan-Palay V, Palay SL, Brown JT, van Itallie C (1977) Sagittal organization of olivocerebellar and reticulocerebellar projections: autoradiographic studies with 35S-methionine. Exp Brain Res 30:561–576
Chen R, Gibson AR, Houk JC, Robinson FR (1983) Distribution of terminals in cerebellar cortex and their relative absence in the deep cerebellar nuclei from three major sources of mossy fibres in the cat. Soc Neurosci Proc 251:4
Cohen D, Chambers WW, Sprague JM (1958) Experimental study of the efferent projections from the cerebellar nuclei to the brainstem of the cat. J Comp Neurol 109:233–259
Corvaja N, Grofová I, Pompeiano O, Walberg F (1977) The lateral reticular nucleus in the cat — I. An experimental anatomical study of its spinal and supraspinal afferent connections. Neuroscience 2:537–553
Courville J, Faraco-Cantin F (1980) Topography in the olivo-cerebellar projection: an experimental study in the cat with an autoradiographic tracing method. In: Courville J, de Montigny C, Lamarre Y (eds) The inferior olivary nucleus: anatomy and physiology. Raven Press, New York, pp 235–277
Dietrichs E (1983) Cerebellar nuclear afferents from the lateral reticular nucleus in the cat. Brain Res 288:320–324
Dietrichs E, Walberg F (1979) The cerebellar projection from the lateral reticular nucleus as studied with retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Anat Embryol 155:273–290
Dietrichs E, Walberg F (1985) The cerebellar nucleo-olivary and olivo-cerebellar nuclear projections in the cat as studied with anterograde and retrograde transport in the same animal after implantation of crystalline WGA-HRP. II. The fastigial nucleus. Anat Embryol 173:253–261
Dietrichs E, Walberg F (1986) The cerebellar nucleo-olivary and olivocerebellar nuclear projections in the cat as studied with anterograde and retrograde transport in the same animal after implantation of crystalline WGA-HRP. III. The interposed nuclei. Brain Res 373:373–383
Dietrichs E, Walberg F, Nordby T (1985) Cerebellar nucleo-olivary and olivo-cerebellar nuclear projections in the cat as studied with anterograde and retrograde transport in the same animal after implantation of crystalline WGA-HRP. I. The dentate nucleus. Neurosci Res 3:52–70
Eccles JC, Ito M, Szentagothai J (1967) The cerebellum as a neuronal machine. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Eller T, Chan-Palay V (1976) Afferents to the cerebellar lateral nucleus. Evidence from retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase after pressure injections through micropipettes. J Comp Neurol 166:285–301
Fukushima K, Peterson BW, Uchino Y, Coulter JD, Wilson VJ (1977) Direct fastigiospinal fibres in the cat. Brain Res 126:538–542
Gerrits NM, Voogd J (1987) The projection of the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and adjacent regions of the pontine nuclei to the central cerebellar nuclei in the cat. J Comp Neurol 258:52–69
Gibson AR, Hansma DI, Houk JC, Robinson FR (1984) A sensitive low artifact TMB procedure for the demonstration of WGA-HRP in the CNS. Brain Res 298:235–241
Gonatas NK, Harper C, Mizutani T, Gonatas JO (1979) Superior sensitivity of conjugates of horseradish peroxidase with wheat germ agglutinin for studies of retrograde axonal transport. J Histochem Cytochem 27:728–734
Groenewegen HJ, Voogd J (1977) The parasagittal zonation within the olivocerebellar projection, I. Climbing fiber distribution in the vermis of the cat cerebellum. J Comp Neurol 174:417–488
Groenewegen HJ, Voogd J, Freedman SL (1979) The parasagittal zonation within the olivocerebellar projection. II. Climbing fiber distribution in the intermediate and hemispheric parts of the cerebellum. J Comp Neurol 183:551–602
Hoddevik GH (1978) The projection from the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis onto the cerebellum in the cat. A study using the methods of anterograde degeneration and retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. Anat Embryol 153:227–242
Hrycyshyn AW, Flumerfelt DA (1981) A light microscopic investigation of the afferent connections of the lateral reticular nucleus in the cat. J Comp Neurol 197:477–502
Hrycyshyn AW, Flumerfelt BA, Anderson WA (1982) A horseradish peroxidase study of the projections from the lateral reticular nucleus to the cerebellum in the rat. Anat Embryol 165:1–18
Ito M (1984) The cerebellum and neural control. Raven press, New York, pp 141–142
Ito M, Yoshida M, Obata K, Kawai N, Udo M (1970) Inhibitory control of intracerebellar nuclei by the Purkinje cell axons. Exp Brain Res 10:64–80
Kitai ST, DeFrance JF, Hatada K, Kennedy DT (1974) Electrophysiological properties of lateral reticular nucleus cells: II. Synaptic activation. Exp Brain Res 21:419–432
Künzle H (1973) The topographic organization of spinal afferents to the lateral reticular nucleus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 149:103–116
Llinàs RR (1981) Electrophysiology of the cerebellar networks. In: Brooks VB (ed) Handbook of physiology, section 1: the nervous system, vol 2. Motor control. Am Physiol Soc, Bethesda, Maryland
Martin GF, King JS, Dom R (1974) The projections of the deep cerebellar nuclei of the opposum, Didelphis marsupialis virginiana. J Hirnforsch 15:545–573
Martin GF, Andrezik J, Crutcher K, Linauts M, Panneton M (1977) The lateral reticular nucleus of the opposum (Didelphis virginiana). II. Connections. J Comp Neurol 174:151–186
Matsushita M, Hosoya Y (1978) The location of spinal projection neurons in the cerebellar nuclei (cerebellospinal tract neurons) of the cat. A study with the horseradish peroxidase technique. Brain Res 142:237–248
Matsushita M, Ikeda M (1970) Olivary projections to the cerebellar nuclei in the cat. Exp Brain Res 10:488–500
Matsushita M, Ikeda M (1976) Projections from the lateral reticular nucleus to the cerebellar cortex and nuclei in the cat. Exp Brain Res 24:403–421
McCrea RA, Bishop GA, Kitai ST (1977) Electrophysiological and horseradish peroxidase studies of precerebellar afferents to the nucleus interpositus anterior. II. Mossy fiber system. Brain Res 122:215–228
Mesulam M-M (1978) Tetramethyl benzidine for horseradish peroxidase neurohistochemistry: a non-carcinogenic blue reaction-product with superior sensitivity for visualizing neural afferents and efferents. J Histochem Cytochem 26:106–117
Mori J, Hori N, Katsuda N (1981) A new method for application of horseradish peroxidase into a restricted area of the brain. Brain Res Bull 6:19–22
Naus CG, Flumerfelt BA, Hrycyshyn AW (1985) An HRP-TMB ultra-structural study of rubral afferents in the rat. J Comp Neurol 239:453–465
Oka H, Yoshida K, Yamamoto T, Samejima A (1985) Organization of afferent connections to the lateral and interpositus cerebellar nuclei from the brainstem relay nuclei: a horseradish peroxidase study in the cat. Neurosci Res 2:321–333
Pugh WW, Kalia M (1982) Differential uptake of peroxidase (HRP) and peroxidase-lectin (HRP-WGA) conjugate injected in the nodose ganglion of the cat. J Histochem Cytochem 30:887–894
Qvist H (1989) Demonstration of axonal branching of fibres from certain precerebellar nuclei to the cerebellar cortex and nuclei. A retrograde fluorescent double-labelling study in the cat. Exp Brain Res (in press)
Qvist H, Dietrichs E (1986) Afferents to the lateral reticular nucleus from the oculomotor region. I. The Edinger-Westphal nucleus. Anat Embryol 175:261–269
Qvist H, Dietrichs E, Walberg F (1984) An ipsilateral projection from the red nucleus to the lateral reticular nucleus in the cat. Anat Embryol 170:327–330
Russchen FT, Groenewegen HJ, Voogd J (1976) Reticulocerebellar connections in the cat. An autoradiographic study. Acta Morphol Neerl-Scand 14:245–246
Saint-Cyr JA (1983) The projection from the motor cortex to the inferior olive in the cat. An experimental study using axonal transport techniques. Neuroscience 10:667–684
Shokunbi MT, Hrycyshyn AW, Flumerfelt BA (1985) Spinal projections to the lateral reticular nucleus in the rat: a retrograde labelling study using horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 239:216–226
Shokunbi MT, Hrycyshyn AW, Flumerfelt BA (1986) A horseradish peroxidase study of the rubral and cortical afferents to the lateral reticular nucleus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 248:441–454
Thomas DN, Kaufman RP, Sprague JM, Chambers WW (1956) Experimental studies of the vermal cerebellar projections in the brain stem of the cat (fastigiobulbar tract). J Anat 90:371–385
Trojanowski JQ, Gonatas JO, Gonatas NK (1981a) A light and electron microscopic study of the intraneuronal transport of horseradish peroxidase and wheat germ agglutinin-peroxidase conjugates of the rat visual system. J Neurocytol 10:441–456
Trojanowski JQ, Gonatas JO, Gonatas NK (1981b) Conjugates of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with cholera toxin and wheat germ agglutinin are superior to free HRP as orthogradely transported markers. Brain Res 223:381–385
Trojanowski JQ, Gonatas JO, Gonatas NK (1982) Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugates of cholera toxin and lectins are more sensitive retrogradely transported markers than free HRP. Brain Res 231:33–50
Tsukahara N, Bando T, Murakami F, Oda Y (1983) Properties of cerebello-precerebellar reverberating circuits. Brain Res 274:249–259
van der Want JJL, Voogd J (1987) Ultrastructural identification and localization of climbing fiber terminals in the fastigial nucleus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 258:81–90
van der Want JJL, Gerrits NM, Voogd J (1987) Autoradiography of mossy fiber terminals in the fastigial nucleus of the cat. J Comp Neurol 258:70–80
Walberg F (1952) The lateral reticular nucleus of the medulla oblongata in mammals. J Comp Neurol 96:283–343
Walberg F, Dietrichs E (1986) Is there a reciprocal connection between the red nucleus and the interposed cerebellar nuclei? Conclusions based on observations of anterograde and retrograde transport of peroxidase-labelled lectin in the same animal. Brain Res 397:73–85
Walberg F, Pompeiano O (1960) Fastigiofugal fibers to the lateral reticular nucleus. An experimental study in the cat. Exp Neurol 2:40–53
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qvist, H. The cerebellar nuclear afferent and efferent connections with the lateral reticular nucleus in the cat as studied with retrograde transport of WGA-HRP. Anat Embryol 179, 471–483 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319590
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319590