Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

L'histophysiologie de l'adénohypophyse du triton crêté (Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur.)

  • Published:
Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

By means of cytological and cytochemical methods the authors were able to demonstrate five cell types in the hypophysis of Triturus cristatus carnifex. Two acidophil (I and II) and three basophil (I, II, III) cell types are encountered. These five cell types are distributed over the three areas into which the hypophysis is usually subdivided. The same cell types, distributed in exactly the same way, are observed in Salamandra atra. Because of cytologie variations observed under different experimental conditions (castration, thyroidectomy, administration of thiouracils, cortisol, aldosterone, metopirone, and prolactine) it is supposed that type I basophil cells produce the thyreotropic hormone, while type II cells produce FSH and type III cells produce LH. As for the acidophil cells, type I cells seem to produce ACTH while type II cells seem to produce one or possibly two hormonal agents, which exert a somatotropic and prolactinic action.

Résumé

Faisant appel à des techniques cytologiques et cytochemiques, les auteurs décrivent les cinq types de cellules qu'ils ont observés dans l'hypophyse de Triturus cristatus carnifex; deux de ces types sont acidophiles (I et II), les trois autres basophiles (I, II, III). Ces cinq types de cellules sont répartis, par tendance, dans les trois zones suivant lesquelles on peut subdiviser l'hypophyse. On observe les mêmes types de cellules distribuées de la même façon chez Salamandra atra. Se basant sur les variations d'ordre cytologique qu'ils ont observées à la suite de traitements experimentaux différents (castration, thyroïdectomie, administration de substances thiouréiques, de cortisole, d'aldostérone, de métopirone et de prolaetine), les auteurs supposent que les cellules basophiles du Ier type sont chargées d'élaborer l'hormone thyréotrope, celles du IIème type l'FSH, celles du IIIème type l'LH; quant aux cellules acidophiles, celles du Ier type élaboreraient l'ACTH, et celles du IIème type un agent hormonal (ou peut-être deux agents) qui exercerait une action somatotrope et une action du type prolactique.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliographie

  • Aplington jr., H. W.: Correlative cyclical changes in the hypophysis and gonads of Necturus maculosus Rafinesque. Amer. J. Anat. 70, 201–249 (1942).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berman, R., H. A. Bern, C. S. Nicoll, and R. C. Storhman: Growth-promoting effects of mammalian prolactin and growth hormone in tadpoles of Rana catesbeiana. J. exp. Zool. 156, 353–360 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardell jr., R. R.: The origin of the thyroidectomy cell in salamander. In: S.S. Breese jr., (Ed.) Electron microscopy, vol 2. New York: Academic Press 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  • : Observations on the cell types of the salamander pituitary gland: an electron microscopy study. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 10, 317–333 (1964a).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Ultrastructure of the salamander thyroidectomy cell. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 10, 515–527 (1964b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chadwick, C. S.: Further observations on the water drive in Triturus viridescens. II. Induction of the water drive with the lactogenic hormone. J. exp. Zool. 86, 175–187 (1941).

    Google Scholar 

  • Copeland, D. E.: Cytology of the pituitary gland in developing and adult Triturus viridescens. J. Morph. 72, 379–409 (1943).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordier, R.: L'hypophyse de xenopus. Essai d'interprétation histophysiologique. Ann. Soc. roy. zool. Belg. 84, 5–16 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Doerr-Schott, J.: Cytologie fine de l'hypophyse antérieure d'un amphibien, Rana temporaria, L., après greffe homéotypique et culture in vivo prolongée. Analyse de la fonction gonadotrope. Gen. comp. Endocr. 5, 672 (1965) (Abstr.).

    Google Scholar 

  • Driscoll, W. T., and R. M. Eakin: The effect of sucrose on amphibian development with special reference to the pituitary body. J. exp. Zool. 129, 149–169 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Etkin, W., and R. Lehrer: Excess growth in tadpoles after transplantation of the adenohypophysis. Endocrinology 67, 457–466 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • , and R. Ortman: Cellular differenciation in relation to growth-promoting activity of pituitary grafts in tadpoles. Anat. Rec. 137, 353 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, E. S., L. L. Rosenberg, and M. E. Simpson: Erythropoietic response to calorigenic hormones. Endocrinology 68, 517–532 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreri, E., V. Mazzi, and M. Socino: Sodium and potassium metabolism in the newt (Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur.). IV. Investigations on hypophysectomized males bearing an adenohypophysial heterotopic chronic autograft. Gen. comp. Endocr. 6, 156–162 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e A. Peyrot: Ricerche istochimiche e biochimiche su alcuni enzimi del nefrone del tritone crestato (Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur.) in condizioni normali e sperimentali (trattamento con tiouracile, gonadectomia). Z. Zellforsch. 56, 470–497 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Socino e F. Scalenghe: Il metabolismo del sodio e del potassio nel Tritone crestato. VI. Effetti dei trattamenti con cortisolo e con cortisolo e aldosterone somministrati contemporaneamente. Analisi statistica dei risultati. (en cours d'élaboration).

  • Galgano, M.: Il ciclo sessuale annuale in Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur. I. Il ciclo naturale nei due sessi. Arch. ital. Anat. Embriol. 50, 1–148 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant jr., W. C., and J. A. Grant: Water drive studies on hypophysectomized efts of Diemyctylus viridescens. Part I. The role of lactogenic hormone. Biol. Bull. 114, 1–9 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Griesbach, W. E., E. S. Evans, and I. L. Chaikoff: Does iodide produce a significant regranulation of pituitary acidophils in thyroidectomized rats? Endocrinology 72, 474–479 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Grobstein, C.: Appearance of vacuolated cells in the hypophysis of Triturus torosus following bilateral thyroidectomy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 38, 801–803 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  • Guardabassi, A., et D. Blanchi: La cytologie hypophysaire chez Xenopus laevis Daud. Z. Zellforsch. 56, 540–551 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e L. Grosso: Il quadro citologico dell'ipofisi di Bufo bufo bufo L. in seguito a trattamento con tiourea e con propionato di testosterone. Monit. zool. ital. 67, 202–221 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e A. Ippolito: Fenomeni di attivazione e di inibizione nelle ghiandole endocrine, nel timo e nelle gonadi di larve di Bufo bufo bufo L. trattate con tiouracile. Arch. ital. Anat. Embriol. 65, 178–205 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e C. Vaccarino: Per una migliore caratterizzazione dei tipi cellulari del lobo distale dell'ipofisi di Bufo bufo bufo L. (Nota preventiva). Monit. zool. ital. 67, 190–201 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Herlant, M.: Étude critique de deux techniques nouvelles destinées a mettre en évidence les différentes catégories cellulaires présentes dans la glande pituitaire. Bull. Micr. appl. 10. 37–44 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • : The cells of the adenohypophysis and their functional significance. Int. Rev. Cytol. 17, 299–382 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, R. L.: Experimental, histochemical, and ultrastructural contributions to our understanding of mammalian pituitary function. Int. Rev. gen. exp. Zool. 1, 187–240 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwasawa, H.: Thiourea-induced precocious germ cell differentiation in frog larvae. Endocr. jap. 5, 142–144 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Joly, J.: Données histologiques sur l'adénohypophyse de Salamandra salamandra taeniata Düringen (1897). C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 249, 312–314 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, T.: Histology of the distal lobe of the pituitary of Xenopus laevis Daudin. Gen. comp. Endocr. 5, 232–240 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Koscielski, B.: Histological change in the thyroid and pituitary glands of the newt Triturus vulgaris L. under the influence of prolonged action of methyl-thiouracil. Zool. Polon. 7, 193–208 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lofts, B., and P.G.W.J. van Oordt: Some effects of high temperature upon the pituitary and testis in the common frog, Rana temporaria. Gen. comp. Endocr. 2, 614–615 (1962) (Abstr.).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazzi, V.: La citologia dell'ipofisi del tritone crestato. Arch. ital. Anat. Embriol. 54, 3–68 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Le proprietà tintoriali della fucsina paraldeide in alcune strutture dell'encefalo del tritone crestato. Rend. Accad. nazl. Lincei 16, Serie VIII, 266–273 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Effetti di lesioni alla eminenza mediale sul sistema ipotalamo-ipofisario, adenoipofisi, tiroide e testicolo del Tritone crestato. Z. Zellforsch. 48, 332–348 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e A. Guardabassi: Effetti del saccarosio sui fenomeni neurosecretori e sull'ipofisi di girini di rospo (Bufo bufo bufo L.). Arch. ital. Anat. Embriol. 62, 171–196 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Risposta al tiouracile del sistema ipotalamo-ipofisario, dell'ipofisi e della tiroide di larve die Bufo bufo bufo L. normali e con adenoipofisi isolata dai rapporti con l'ipotalamo (larve albine da zucchero). Arch. ital. Anat. Embriol. 64, 444–462 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • et A. Peyrot: Cytologie préhypophysaire des amphibiens anoures et urodéles (Bufo bufo et Triturus cristatus carnifex). Arch. Anat. micr. Morph. exp. 54, 631–632 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e A. Peyrot: Effetti differenziali di lesione ipotalamiche croniche sulla tiroide e sul testicolo di Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur. trattati con tiourea. Arch. ital. Anat. Embriol. 65, 295–320 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • , e M. Pieri: Ciclo annuo e modificazioni sperimentali della ipofisi nel Tritone crestato. Riv. Biol. 41, 271–315 (1949b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, Y. N., and E. S. Evans: Acidophil regranulation and increased growth hormone concentration in the pituitary of thyroidectomized rats after cortisol administration. Endocrinology 74, 784–787 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, M., and M. Robbins: Cyclic changes in the pituitary gland of the urodele amphibian, Taricha torosa (Triturus torosus). Anat. Rec. 122, 105–114 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicoll, C. S.: Neural regulation of adenohypophysial prolactin secretion in Tetrapods: Indication from in vitro studies. J. exp. Zool. 158, 203–210 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • , and H. A. Bern: Pigeon crop-stimulating activity (prolactin) in the adenohypophysis of lungfish and tetrapods. Endocrinology 76, 156–160 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivereau, M.: Action de la métopirone chez l'Anguille normale et hypophysectomisée, en particulier sur le système hypophyso-corticosurrénalien. Gen. comp. Endocr. 5, 109–128 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oordt, P.G.W.J. van: The gonadotropin-producing and other cell types in the distal lobe of the pituitary of the common frog, Rana temporaria. Gen. comp. Endocr. 1, 364–374 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Cell types in the pars distalis of the amphibian pituitary. En: Cytologie de l'adénohypophyse. Colloq. Intern. C.N.R.S., Paris, 128, 301–313 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Nomenclature of the hormon producing cells in the adenohypophysis. A report of the international committee for nomenclature of the adenohypophysis. Gen. comp. Endocr. 5, 131–134 (1965a).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Cyclical changes in the gonadotropin producing cells of the pituitary, and their implication for the regulation of the sexual cycle in the male common frog Rana temporaria. Arch. Anat. micr. Morph. exp. 54, 630–631 (1965b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pasteels, J. L.: Recherches expérimentales sur le rôle de l'hypothalamus dans la différenciation cytologique de l'hypophyse chez Pleurodeles Waltlii. Arch. Biol. (Liège) 68, 65–114 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • : Etude expérimentale des différentes catégorie d'éléments chromophiles de l'hypophyse adulte de Pleurodeles Waltlii, de leur fonction et de leur contrôle par l'hypothalamus. Arch. Biol. (Liège) 71, 409–471 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Peyrot, A., Aumento del peso corporeo nel Tritone crestato (Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur). adulto portatore di autotrapianto eterotopico ipofisario. La Ricerca Scientifica, 1966 (sous presse).

  • M. Biciotti e G. Pons: Ricerche sul metabolismo dello iodio nel Tritone crestato. II. La captazione di I131 e l'attività metabolica della tiroide in animali potatori di autotrapianto eterotopico ipofisario (nota preliminare). Boll. Soc. it. Biol. sper. 42 (1966). (sous presse.)

  • Prieto Diaz, H. E., J. M. Echave Llanos: Citología de la porción distal de la hipófisis del Bufo arenarum (H). Arch. Histol. (B. Aires) 3, 541–553 (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  • Purves, H. D.: Morphology of the hypophysis related to its function. In: W. C. Young and G. W. Corner (Eds.), Sex and internal secretions, vol. 1. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co. (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • , and X. E. Griesbach: 1946 cit. in Griesbach et al. Endocrinology 72, 474–479 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Racadot, J.: Sur la mise en évidence des types cellulaires adénohypophysaires par la méthode de Herlant au bleu d'Alizarine acide. Bull. Micr. appl. 12, 16–20 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramaswami, L. S.: Endocrinology of reproduction in fish and frog. Gen. comp. Endocr. 1, 286–299 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Remy, C.: Gigantisme experimental chez le tetard du crapaud accoucheur (Alytes obstetricans Laur.). Communication à la 3ème Conférence d'Endocrinologie comparée. Copenhagen, Août 1965.

  • Saxen, L.: Secretory changes in the mucoid cells of the anterior pituitary. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 48, 341–350 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Solomon, J., and R. O. Greep: The growth hormone content of several vertebrate pituitaries. Endocrinology 65, 334–336 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, L. S., and H. Steinitz: Effects of hypophysectomy and thyroidectomy on lens and retina regeneration in the adult newt, Triturus v. viridescens. J. exp. Zool. 124, 469–503 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tixier-Vidal, A.: Identification des cellules a prolactine chez le pigeon male ou femelle pendant la lactation. Caractères ultrastructuraux. Arch. Anat. micr. Morph. exp. 54, 636–637 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler, A. J.: Temporal variations in histological appearance of thyroid and pituitary of salamanders treated with thyroid inhibitors. Biol. Bull. 104, 250–262 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut d'Anatomie comparée et d'Histologie de l'Université de Turin, Turin, Italie

    V. Mazzi, A. Peyrot, M. R. Anzalone & C. Toscano

Authors
  1. V. Mazzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Peyrot
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. R. Anzalone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. C. Toscano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Recherche conduite et publiée avec une contribution de ≪l'Impresa di Endocrinologia≫ du ≪Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Gruppo di Endocrinologia Comparata)≫. — Nous tenons à remercier ici M. Giuseppe Gendusa qui a bien voulu colaborer à la preparation du matériel photographique.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mazzi, V., Peyrot, A., Anzalone, M.R. et al. L'histophysiologie de l'adénohypophyse du triton crêté (Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur.). Zeitschrift für Zellforschung 72, 597–617 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319263

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319263

Search

Navigation