Abstract
Studies were made to characterize the cholinesterases from erythrocytes, plasma and homogenates of cardiac ventricular muscle and brain of guinea pigs as specific or non-specific cholinesterases (ChEs). The relative content of both can be estimated using the substrates acetylcholine, acetyl-β-methylcholine and butyrylcholine. The content of non-specific ChE was found to decrease in the sequence: plasma cardiac-ventricular-muscle brain. The inactivation, reactivation and ageing-rate of the various ChEs were determined and yielded the following differences:
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1.
The specific ChEs from erythrocytes and brain were inhibited to different degrees by obidoxime.
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2.
The non-specific ChEs from plasma and cardiac ventricular muscle could be clearly differentiated from that of brain by means of their different k2-values upon inactivation with DFP.
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3.
The specific ChE of brain once inactivated by DFP was found to age more slowly than that of erythrocytes, taking the reactivation by obidoxime as indicator.
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4.
The reactivation of the phosphorylated non-specific ChEs and the half-life of the ageing processes were found to be dependent on the obidoxime concentration used.
Zusammenfassung
Es wird über Versuche berichtet, die Cholinesterasen von Erythrocyten und Plasma und von Homogenaten aus Großhirn und Herzventrikel des Meerschweinchens als spezifische oder unspezifische Cholinesterasen (ChEs) zu charakterisieren.
Der relative Gehalt an spezifischen und unspezifischen ChEs kann durch die Verwendung der Substrate Acetylcholin, Acetyl-/gb-methylcholin und Buturyleholin annäherungsweise ermittelt werden. Der Gehalt an unspezifischen ChEs sinkt in der Reihenfolge Plasma, Herzventrikel, Großhirn.
Bei der Bestimmung der Inaktivierung, Reaktivierung und Alterungsgeschwindigkeit der verschiedenen ChEs lassen sich folgende Unterschiede nachweisen:
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1.
Die spezifischen ChEs von Erythrocyten und Großhirn werden durch Obidoxim verschieden stark gehemmt.
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2.
Die unspezifischen ChEs von Plasma und Herzventrikel können gegenüber denen des Großhirns durch ihre verschiedenen k2-Werte hei der Inaktivierung mit DFP eindeutig unterschieden werden.
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3.
Gemessen an der Reaktivierbarkeit mit Obidoxim altert die DFP-inaktivierte spezifische ChE des Großhirns langsamer als die der Erythrocyten.
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4.
Die Reaktivierbarkeit der phosphorylierten unspezifischen ChEs in Plasma, Herzventrikel und Großhirn und ihre Alterungs-Halbwertszeiten hängen von der verwendeten Obidoximkonzentration ab.
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Alsen, C., Ohnesorge, F.K. Characterization of cholinesterases in various tissues of guinea pig with respect to their reactivation by obidoxime after inactivation by diisopropylfluorophosphate. Arch Toxicol 29, 235–245 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00315601
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00315601
Key words
- Specific and Non-Specific Cholinesterases
- Guinea Pig Tissues
- Diisopropylfluorophosphate
- Obidoxime
- Reactivation
- Ageing