Summary
The surface structure of smooth muscle cells of the large muscular arteries of the mute swan (Cygnus olor) and the starling (Sturnus vulgaris) was studied by electronmicroscopy.
The caveolae intracellulares are enlargements of the cell membrane constant in shape and size. They are arranged in long rows running parallel to the cell axis. These in turn alternate with the equally stretched bands of dense areas that are adjacent to the inside of the cell membrane. In neighboring cells the surface structures are arranged in such a way that caveolae lie opposite to caveolae and dense areas opposite to dense areas. Besides, the muscle cells form occasional zones of close contact conforming to intermediate junctions which are orientated in the longitudinal axis of the cell.
In the perinuclear region, in the axial column of the cytoplasm and its lateral extensions which run towards the regions of the cell membrane equipped with caveolae, long mitochondria, granular endoplasmic reticulum and microtubules are located. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum and the microtubules come into close contact with the caveolae intracellulares. Dense areas and dense bodies of the smooth muscle cell are considered to be similar structures. The analogy of the caveolae intracellulares with the T-tubular-system of the striated muscle cell on the one hand, of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum with the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the striated muscle cell on the other hand is discussed.
Zusammenfassung
Die Oberflächenstruktur glatter Muskelzellen aus großen muskulären Arterien von Höckerschwan und Star wurde elektronenoptisch dargestellt.
Die Caveolae intracellulares sind in Form und Größe konstante Oberflächenvergrößerungen der Zellmembran. Sie sind in langen, parallel zur Zellachse verlaufenden Reihen angeordnet. Diese alternieren mit den ebenfalls langgestreckten Streifen der dense areas, die der Zellmembran innen angelagert sind. Bei benachbarten Zellen sind die streifenförmigen Oberflächenstrukturen so angeordnet, daß Caveolae gegenüber Caveolae und dense areas gegenüber dense areas liegen. Außerdem bilden die Muskelzellen einzelne, in der Längsachse ausgerichtete Zonen nahen Kontaktes als intermediate junctions aus.
Im Kernhof, in der axialen Zytoplasmastraße und ihren seitlichen Abzweigungen, die zu den mit Caveolae besetzten Zellmembranstreifen ziehen, liegen langgestreckte Mitochondrien, rauhes endoplasmatisches Reticulum und Mikrotubuli. Ein glattes endoplasmatisches Reticulum und die Mikrotubuli treten mit den Caveolae intracellulares in engen räumlichen Kontakt. Dense areas und dense bodies der glatten Muskelzelle werden als gleichartige Strukturen angesehen. Es wird die Analogie der Caveolae intracellulares mit dem T-Tubulus-System der Skelettmuskelzelle einerseits, des glatten endoplasmatischen Reticulum mit dem sarkoplasmatischen Reticulum der Skelettmuskelzelle andererseits diskutiert.
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Büssow, H., Wulfhekel, U. Die Feinstruktur der glatten Muskelzellen in den großen muskulären Arterien der Vögel. Z.Zellforsch 125, 339–352 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00306631
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00306631