Abstract
One and 3 yr old needles of (Picoa abies [L.] Karst) were analyzed for mineral content and to determine the main nutrients and pollutants. In the Bavarian Alps 70 adult spruce trees were selected along an altitudinal gradient on seven stands from 800 to 1720 m above sea level. The samples, collected at different times of the year, came from the tops of the crowns. The needle analysis showed a severe P and a mild N deficiency. Samples which were washed with chloroform have significantly lower Fe and Ph contents. The low S concentrations of the needles exclude a burden by air pollution caused by SO2.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bayr. Staatsministerium fur Ernährung, Landwirtschaft and Forsten: 1988, “Ergebnisse der Waldschadenserhebung 1988 in Bayern.”
Bosch, Ch.: 1986, Forstliche Forschungsberichte München 75.
Fiedler, H.-J., Nebe, W. and Hoffmann, F.: 1973, Forstliche Pflanzenernährung and Düngung, Gustav Verlag, Stuttgart.
Foerst, K. Sauter, U. and Neuerburg, W.: 1987, Forstliche Forschungsberichte München 79.
Hunger, W.: 1972, Flora 161, 472.
Jeffrey, D. W.: 1987, Soil - Plant Relationships, an ecological approach, Croom Helm, London & Sydney.
Knabe, W.: 1984, Allg. Forstz. 39, 847.
Krivan, V., Schaldach, G. and Hausbeck, R.: 1987, Naturwissenschaften 74, 242.
Marschner, H.: 1986, Mineral Nutrition in Higher Plants, Academic Press, London.
Mengel, K.: 1984, Ernährung and Stoffwechsel der Pflanze, Gustav Verlag, Stuttgart.
Mengel, K. and Kirkby, E.A.: 1987, Principles of Plant Nutrition, International Potash Institute, Worblaufen-Bern, Suiss.
Nambiar, E.K.S. and Fife, D.N.: 1987, Annals of Botany 60, 147.
Pfirrmann, T., Albrecht, U., Kloos, M. and Riebeling, R.: 1988, Effects of chloroform washing on the elemental contents of needles of selected Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) from the Taunus mountains (Hessen, FRG) with regard to different needle age classes, IUFRO Meeting on Air Pollution and Forest Decline, Interlaken, Suiss.
Rehfuess, K.E.: 1981, Waldböden - Entwicklung, Eigenschaften and Nutzung, Paul Parey Verlag, Hamburg-Berlin.
Zech, W.: 1968, Kalkhaltige Böden als Nährsubstrat für Koniferen, dissertation, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mößnang, M. Element contents of spruce needles (P. abies [L.] Karst.) along an altitudinal gradient in the bavarian alps. Water Air Soil Pollut 54, 107–112 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298657
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00298657