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Chitinsynthese bei dem Flußkrebs Orconectes limosus: Aktivität der Phosphoglucosamin-isomerase und Einbau von Glucose-U-14C in Chitin

Chitin synthesis in the crayfish, Orconectes limosus: activity of glucosaminephosphate isomerase and incorporation of glucose-U-14C

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Summary

In connection with our studies of chitin synthesis the activity of glucosaminephosphate isomerase was determined in the organs of the crayfish, Orconectes limosus. The activities in integumentary tissues, gills and intestine were greater with a high significance for animals directly after molt than for intermolt animals.

Within the molt cycle the time courses of the following parameters were determined: glucosaminephosphate isomerase activity in integumentary tissue, incorporation of glucose-U-14C into chitin and chitin weight. Unexpectedly these curves show significant phase-differences. Glucosaminephosphate isomerase seems to be a key enzyme regulating the chitin synthesis. But although the isomerase activity doubles between stages D1 and D2, hemolymph glucose is not used for chitin synthesis at this time. The incorporation of hemolymph glucose into chitin starts immediately after the molt.

The extremely high rate of incorporation of glucose into chitin seems to demonstrate that carbohydrates are not very important as an energy source at least at that time. Most likely lipids are the energy source.

Zusammenfassung

Im Zusammenhang mit der Chitinsynthese wurde die Phosphoglucosamin-isomerase in den Organen des Flußkrebses Orconectes limosus untersucht. In Integumentgewebe, Kiemen und Enddarm lagen die Aktivitäten bei Tieren unmittelbar nach der Häutung hochsignifikant höher als bei Zwischenhäutungstieren.

Der zeitliche Ablauf folgender Parameter wurde über einen Häutungszyklus hinweg bestimmt: Aktivität der Phosphoglucosamin-isomerase im Integumentgewebe, Einbaurate markierter Glucose in Chitin sowie das Chitingewicht. Der Kurvenverlauf zeigte unerwartete Phasendifferenzen. Die Phosphoglucosaminisomerase scheint ein die Chitinsynthese steuerndes Schlüsselenzym zu sein. Obgleich sich die Isomeraseaktivität zwischen den D1- und D2-Stadien verdoppelt, wird die Hämolymphglucose nicht zur Chitinsynthese herangezogen; ihr Einbau in Chitin erfolgt erst unmittelbar nach der Häutung.

Die extrem hohen Einbauraten von Glucose in Chitin sprechen dafür, daß Kohlenhydrate als Energiequelle zumindest zu dieser Zeit keine große Rolle spielen; diese Aufgabe fällt wahrscheinlich den Lipiden zu.

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Abbreviations

AG-6-P:

N-Acetylglucosamin-6-phosphat

F-6-P:

D-Fructose-6-phosphat

G-6-P:

D-Glucosamin-6-phosphat

PGI:

Phosphoglucosamin-isomerase.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. II. Zoologisches Institut der Freien Universität Berlin, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

    Rainer Lang

  2. Institut für Immunforschung, BRD-6921, Spechbach

    Rainer Lang

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Lang, R. Chitinsynthese bei dem Flußkrebs Orconectes limosus: Aktivität der Phosphoglucosamin-isomerase und Einbau von Glucose-U-14C in Chitin. Z. Vergl. Physiol. 73, 305–316 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00297678

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00297678

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