Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Induction of haploidy from pollen grains in angiosperms — the current status

  • Review
  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Since the successful induction of haploids from anthers cultured in vitro in 1964, a great deal of attention has been given to this problem by those interested in obtaining pure lines and mutants for crop improvement and biochemical genetics. In the last 16 years the anther culture technique has been refined and extended to over one hundred and fifty different species. More recently, isolated pollen culture — which is a refinement of the original anther culture technique — has also been developed. In this review we have made an effort to critically examine existing reports with the objective of analysing the effects of various factors — e.g. culture medium, the cultural conditions, and the effect of genotype and physiological state of the parent plant on pollen induction — and to speculate on the mechanism of action of different factors in order to throw some light on the process of haploid induction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  • Amos, J.A.; Scholl, R.L. (1978): Induction of haploid callus from anthers of four species of Arabidopsis. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 90, 33–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Anagnostakis, S.L. (1974): Haploid plants from anthers of tobacco-enhancement with charcoal. Planta 115, 281–283

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous Chinese Workers (1974): Investigation on the induction and genetic expression of rice pollen plants. Sci. Sinica 17, 209–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous Chinese Workers (1976): A sharp increase of the frequency of pollen-plant-induction in wheat with potato medium. Acta Genet. Sinica 3, 25–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M.D.; Hughes, W.G. (1972): Additional mitosis in wheat pollen induced by ethrel. Nature 240, 566–568

    Google Scholar 

  • Binding, H. (1972): Nuclear and cell divisions in isolated pollen of Petunia hybrida in agar suspension cultures. Nature New Biol. 237, 283–285

    Google Scholar 

  • Blaydes, D.F. (1966): Interaction of kinetin and various inhibitors in the growth of soybean tissue. Physiol. Plant 19, 748–753

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourgin, J.P.; Nitsch, J.P. (1967): Obtention de Nicotiana haplöides a partir d'étamines cultivées in vitro. Ann. Physiol. végét. 9, 377–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, P.S. (1970): Induction and isolation of auxotrophic mutants in somatic cell cultures of Nicotiana tabacum. Science 168, 487–489

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, P.S. (1973): Methionine-sulfoximine-resistant mutants of tobacco. Science 180, 1366–1368

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C.-H.; Chen, F.-T.; Chien, C.-F.; Wang, C.-H.; Chang, S.-J.; Hsu, H.-E.; Ou, H.-H.; Ho, Y.-T.; Lu, T.-M. (1979a): A process of obtaining pollen plants of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. Sci. Sinica 22, 81–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y.; Wang, R.; Tian, W.; Zuo, Q.; Zeng, S.; Lu, D.; Zhang, G. (1979b): Studies on pollen culture in vitro and induction of plantlets of Oryza sativa L. In: II. Intern. Haploid Conf.; Norwich: John Innes Inst.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clapham, D. (1971): In vitro development of callus from the pollen of Lolium and Hordeum. Z. Pflanzenzucht. 65, 285–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Clapham, D. (1973): Haploid Hordeum plants from anthers in vitro. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 69, 142–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Clapham, D. (1977): Haploid induction in cereals. In: Plant Cell, Tissue, and Organ Culture (eds.: Reinert, J.; Bajaj, Y.P.S.), pp. 279–298. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Corduan, G. (1975): Regeneration of anther-derived plants of Hyoscyamus niger L. Planta 127, 27–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Dale, P.J. (1975): Pollen dimorphism and anther culture in barley. Planta 127, 213–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Debergh, P.; Nitsch, C. (1973): Premiers résultats sur la culture in vitro de grains de pollen isolés chez la Tomate. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 276D, 1281–1284

    Google Scholar 

  • Dix, P.J.; Street, H.E. (1974): Effects of p-fluorophenylalanine (PFP) on the growth of cell Lines differing in ploidy and derived from Nicotiana sylvestris. Plant Sci. Lett. 3, 283–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, E.J.; Heberle, E. (1976): Effect of temperature shock on nuclear phenomena in microspores of Nicotiana tabacum and consequently on plantlet production. Protoplasma 90, 173–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunwell, J.M. (1976): A comparative study of environmental and developmental factors which influence embryo induction and growth in cultured anthers of Nicotiana tabacum. Environ. Exp. Bot. 16, 109–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunwell, J.M. (1979): Anther culture in Nicotiana tabacum: The role of the culture vessel atmosphere in pollen embryo induction and growth. J. Exp. Bot. 30, 419–428

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunwell, J.M.; Sunderland, N. (1973): Anther culture of Solanum tuberosum L. Euphytica 22, 317–323

    Google Scholar 

  • Engvild, K.C. (1974): Plantlet ploidy and flower-bud size in tobacco anther cultures. Hereditas 76, 320–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Engvild, K.C.; Linde-Laursen, I.; Lundqvist, A. (1972): Anther cultures of Datura innoxia: flower bud stage and embryoid level of ploidy. Hereditas 72, 331–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Foroughi-Wehr, B.; Wilson, H.M.; Mix, G.; Gaul, H. (1977): Monohaploid plants from anthers of dihaploid genotype of Solanum tuberosum L. Euphytica 26, 361–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Fouletier, B. (1974): Conditions favorisant la néoformation de cals haploides à partir d'anthères de Riz cultivées in vitro. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 278D, 2917–2920

    Google Scholar 

  • George, L.; Rao, P.S. (1979): Experimental induction of triploid plants of Physalis through anther culture. Protoplasma 100, 13–19

    Google Scholar 

  • Glimelius, K.; Eriksson, T.; Grafe, R.; Müller, A.J. (1978): Somatic hybridization of nitrate reductase-deficient mutants of Nicotiana tabacum by protoplast fusion. Physiol. Plant. 44, 273–277

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresshoff, P.M.; Doy, C.H. (1972a): Haploid Arabidopsis thaliana callus and plants from anther culture. Austr. J. Biol. Sci. 25, 259–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresshoff, P.M.; Doy, C.H. (1972b): Development and differentiation of haploid Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato). Planta 107, 161–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresshoff, P.M.; Doy, C.H. (1974): Derivation of a haploid cell line from Vitis vinifera and the importance of the stage of meiotic development of anthers for haploid culture of this and other genera. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 73, 132–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Guha-Mukherjee, S. (1973): Genotypic differences in the in vitro formation of embryoids from rice pollen. J. Exp. Bot. 24, 139–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Guha, S.; Maheshwari, S.C. (1964): In vitro production of embryos from anthers of Datura. Nature 204, 497

    Google Scholar 

  • Guha, S.; Maheshwari, S.C. (1966): Cell division and differentiation of embryos in the pollen grains of Datura in vitro. Nature 212, 97–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Guha, S.; Maheshwari, S.C. (1967): Development of embryoids from pollen grains of Datura in vitro. Phytomorphology 17, 454–461

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, N.; Carlson, P.S. (1972): Preferential growth of haploid plant cells in vitro. Nature New Biol. 239, 86

    Google Scholar 

  • Guy, I.; Raquin, C.; de Marley, Y. (1979): Haploid and diploid plants obtained in vitro from egg plant anthers (Solanum melongena). C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 288D, 987–989

    Google Scholar 

  • Heberle, E.; Reinert, J. (1977): Factors of haploid production by isolated pollen cultures. Naturwissenschaften 64, 100

    Google Scholar 

  • Heberle-Bors, E.; Reinert, J. (1979): Androgenesis in isolated pollen cultures of Nicotiana tabacum: dependence upon pollen development. Protoplasma 99, 237–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Hepler, P.K.; Palevitz, B.A. (1974): Microtubules and microfilaments. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 25, 309–362

    Google Scholar 

  • Horner, M.; Pratt, M.L. (1979): Amino acid analysis of in vivo and androgenic anthers of Nicotiana tabacum. Protoplasma 98, 279–282

    Google Scholar 

  • Horner, M.; Street, H.E. (1978): Pollen dimorphism-origin and significance in pollen plant formation by anther culture. Ann. Bot. 42, 763–771

    Google Scholar 

  • Hougas, R.W.; Peloquin, S.J. (1957): A haploid plant of the potato variety ‘Katahdin’. Nature 180, 1209–1210

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu, H.; Hsi, T.-Y.; Tseng, C.-C; Ouyang, T.-W.; Ching, C.-K. (1978): Application of anther culture to crop plants. In: Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture 1978 (ed.: Thorpe, T.A.), pp. 123–130. Calgary: IAPTC

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, K.W.; Bell, S.L.; Caponetti, J.D. (1975): Anther-derived haploids of the African violet. Can. J. Bot. 53, 1442–1444

    Google Scholar 

  • Irikura, Y. (1975): Induction of haploid plants by anther culture in tuber-bearing species and interspecific hybrids of Solarium. Potato Res. 18, 133–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen, E.; Sopory, S.K. (1978): The influence and possible recombination of genotypes on the production of microspore embryoids in anther cultures of Solanum tuberosum and dihaploid hybrids. Theor. Appl. Genet. 52, 119–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, L.; Eriksson, T. (1977): Induced embryo formation in anther cultures of several Anemone species. Physiol. Plant. 40, 172–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, W.A.; Armstrong, K.C. (1977): Embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Brassica napus anther cultures. Can. J. Bot. 55, 1383–1388

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, W.A.; Armstrong, K.C. (1978): High frequency production of microspore-derived plants from Brassica napus anther cultures. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 80, 100–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, W.A.; Armstrong, K.C. (1979): Stimulation of embryogenesis and haploid production in Brassica campestris anther cultures by elevated temperature treatments. Theor. Appl. Genet. 55, 65–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, W.A.; Rajhathy, T.; Lacapra, J. (1975): In vitro production of plants from pollen in Brassica campestris. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 17, 655–666

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, W.A.; Stringam, G.R. (1978): Production and utilization of microspore-derived haploid plants. In: Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture 1978 (ed.: Thorpe, T.A.), pp. 113–122. Calgary: IAPTC

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimber, G.; Riley, R. (1963): Haploid angiosperms. Bot. Rev. 90, 480–531

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohlenbach, H.W.; Wernicke, W. (1978): Investigations on the inhibitory effect of agar and the function of active carbon in anther culture. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 86, 463–472

    Google Scholar 

  • Linsmaier, E.M.; Skoog, F. (1965): Organic growth factor requirements of tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 18, 100–127

    Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald, I.M.; Grant, W.F. (1974): Anther culture of pollen containing ethrel induced micronuclei. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 73, 292–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Maheshwari, S.C.; Rashid, A.; Tyagi, A.K. (1980): Physiology of pollen haploid formation — the current status. In: Plant Cell Cultures — Results and Perspectives (eds.: Sala, F.; Parisi, B.; Cella, R.; Ciferri, O.), pp. 393–398. North-Holland: Elsevier

    Google Scholar 

  • Malhotra, K.; Maheshwari, S.C. (1977): Enhancement by cold treatment of pollen embryoid development in Petunia hybrida. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 85, 177–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Maliga, P. (1978): Resistance mutants and their use in genetic manipulation. In: Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture 1978 (ed.: Thorpe, T.A.), pp. 381–392. Calgary: IAPTC

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, P.S.; Vasil, I.K. (1975): The dynamics of cell proliferation in haploid and diploid tissues of Nicotiana tabacum. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 77, 222–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendel, R.R.; Müller, A.J. (1978): Reconstitution of NADH-nitrate reductase in vitro from nitrate reductase-deficient Nicotiana tabacum mutants. Molec. Gen. Genet. 161, 77–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Michellon, R.; Hugard, J.; Jonard, R. (1974): Sur l'isolement de colonies tissulaires de pêcher (Prunus persica Batsch, cultivars ‘Dixired’ et ‘Nectared IV’) et d'Amandier (Prunus amygdalus Stokes, cultivar ‘A 1’), à partir d'anthères cultivées in vitro. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 278D, 1719–1722

    Google Scholar 

  • Mii, M. (1976): Relationships between anther browning and plantlet formation in anther culture of Nicotiana tabacum L. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 80, 206–214

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, A.J.; Grafe, R. (1978): Isolation and characterization of cell lines of Nicotiana tabacum lacking nitrate reductase. Molec. Gen. Genet. 161, 67–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Murashige, T.; Skoog, F. (1962): A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, A.; Itagaki, R. (1973): Anther culture in Nicotiana and the characteristics of the haploid plants. Jpn. J. Breed. 23, 71–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, A.; Yamada, T.; Kadotani, N.; Itagaki, R.; Oka, M. (1974): Studies on the haploid method of breeding in tobacco. SABRAO J. 6, 107–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakata, K.; Tanaka, M. (1968): Differentiation of embryoids from developing germ cells in anther culture of tobacco. Jpn. J. Genet. 43, 65–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Narayanaswamy, S.; Chandy, L.P. (1971): In vitro induction of haploid, diploid, and triploid androgenic embryoids and plantlets in Datura metel L. Ann. Bot. 35, 535–542

    Google Scholar 

  • Niizeki, M.; Grant, W.F. (1971): Callus, plantlet formation, and polyploidy from cultured anthers of Lotus and Nicotiana. Can. J. Bot. 49, 2041–2051

    Google Scholar 

  • Niizeki, H.; Oono, K. (1971): Rice plants obtained by anther culture. Les Cultures de Tissus des Plantes. Colloq. Int. CNRS (Paris) 193, 251–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, C. (1974a): La culture de pollen isolé sur milieu synthétique. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 278D, 1031–1034

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, C. (1974b): Pollen culture — a new technique for mass production of haploid and homozygous plants. In: Haploids in Higher Plants-Advances and Potential (ed.: Kasha, K.J.), pp. 123–135. Guelph: The University of Guelph

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, C. (1975): Single cell culture of an haploid cell: the microspore. In: Genetic Manipulations with Plant Material (ed.: Ledoux, L.), pp. 297–310. New York-London: Plenum Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, C. (1977): Culture of isolated microspores. In: Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (eds.: Reinert, J.; Bajaj, Y.P.S.), pp. 268–278. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, C.; Norreel, B. (1973): Effect d'un choc thermique sur le pouvoir embryogène du pollen de Datura innoxia cultivé dans l'anthère ou isolé de l'anthère. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 276D, 303–306

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, J.P. (1969): Expérimental androgenesis in Nicotiana. Phytomorphology 19, 389–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitzsche, W.; Wenzel, G. (1977): Haploids in Plant Breeding. Berlin, Hamburg: P. Parey

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouyang, T.-W.; Hu, H.; Chuang, C.-C.; Tseng, C.-C. (1973): Induction of pollen plants from anthers of Triticum aestivum L. cultured in vitro. Sci. Sinica 16, 79–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelletier, G.; Henry, Y. (1974): Cold pretreating on flower buds of Nicotiana tabacum L. Haploid Information Service 10, 5–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelletier, G.; Ilami, M. (1972): Les facteurs de l'androgénèses in vitro chez Nicotiana tabacum. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 68, 97–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, J.E.; Crocomo, O.J.; Sharp, W.R.; Paddock, E.F.; Tegenkamp, I.; Tegenkamp, T. (1977): Haploid callus cells from anthers of Phaseolus vulgaris. Phytomorphology 27, 79–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Picard, K. (1973): Influence de modifications dans les corrélations internes sur le devenir du gamétophyte mâle de Triticum aestivum E. in situ et en culture in vitro. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 277D, 777–780

    Google Scholar 

  • Picard, E.; de Buyser, J. (1975): Nouveaux résultats concernant la culture d'anthères in vitro de blé tendre (Triticum aestivum L.) effects d'un choc thermique et de la position de l'anthère dans l'épi. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 281D, 127–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Preil, W.; Huhnke, W.; Engelhardt, M.; Hoffmann, M. (1977): Haploid in Gerbera jamesonii from in vitro cultures of capitulum explants. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 79, 167–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Radojević, L. (1978): In vitro induction of androgenic plantlets in Aesculus hippocastanum. Protoplasma 96, 369–374

    Google Scholar 

  • Raghavan, V. (1975): Induction of haploid plants from anther cultures of henbane. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 76, 89–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Raghavan, V. (1978): Origin and development of pollen embryoids and pollen calluses in cultured anther segments of Hyoscyamus niger (Henbane). Amer. J. Bot. 65, 984–1002

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajasekaran, K.; Mullins, M.G. (1979): Embryos and plantlets from cultured anthers of hybrid grapevines. J. Exp. Bot. 30, 399–407

    Google Scholar 

  • Rashid, A.; Street, H.E. (1973): The development of haploid embryoids from anther cultures of Atropa belladonna L. Planta 113, 263–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinert, J.; Bajaj, Y.P.S. (1977): Anther culture: haploid production and its significance. In: Plant Cell, Tissue, and Organ Culture (eds. Reinert, J.; Bajaj, Y.P.S.), pp. 251–267. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinert, J.; Bajaj, Y.P.S.; Heberle, E. (1975): Induction of haploid tobacco plants from isolated pollen. Protoplasma 84, 191–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Sangwan-Norreel, B.S. (1977): Androgenic stimulating factors in the anther and isolated pollen grain culture of Datura innoxia Mill. J. Exp. Bot. 28, 843–852

    Google Scholar 

  • Sangwan, R.S.; Camefort, H. (1978): Action d'un choc thermique sur le contenu en acides aminés des anthères et des grains de pollen embryogènes du Datura metel E. et du Nicotiana tabacum L. C.R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 287D, 471–474

    Google Scholar 

  • Sangwan, R.S.; Norreel, B. (1975): Induction of plants from pollen grains of Petunia cultured in vitro. Nature 257, 222–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharp, W.R.; Raskin, R.S.; Sommer, H.E. (1972): The use of nurse culture in the development of haploid clones in tomato. Planta 104, 357–361

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, S.; Jha, K.K.; Roy, R.P. (1978): Segmentation pattern of pollen in anther culture of Solanum surattense, Luffa cylindrica and Luffa echinata. Phytomorphology 28, 43–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, S.; Roy, R.P.: Jha, K.K. (1979): Callus formation and shoot bud differentiation in anther culture of Solanum surattense. Can. J. Bot. 57, 2524–2527

    Google Scholar 

  • Sopory, S.K. (1972): Physiology of development of pollen embryoids in Datura innoxia Mill. Ph.D. Thesis. Delhi: The University of Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Sopory, S.K. (1977): Development of embryoids in isolated pollen culture of dihaploid Solanum tuberosum. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 84, 453–457

    Google Scholar 

  • Sopory, S.K. (1979): Effect of sucrose, hormones, and metabolic inhibitors on the development of pollen embryoids in anther culture of dihaploid Solanum tuberosum. Can. J. Bot. 57, 2691–2694

    Google Scholar 

  • Sopory, S.K.; Jacobsen, E.; Wenzel, G. (1978): Production of monohaploid embryoids and plantlets in cultured anthers of Solanum tuberosum. Plant Sci. Lett. 12, 47–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Sopory, S.K.; Maheshwari, S.C. (1976a): Development of pollen embryoids in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. 1. General observations and effects of physical factors. J. Exp. Bot. 27, 49–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Sopory, S.K.: Maheshwari, S.C. (1976b): Development of pollen embryoids in anther cultures of Datura innoxia 2. Effects of growth hormones. J. Exp. Bot. 27, 58–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N. (1971): Anther culture: a progress report. Sci. Progr. 59, 527–549

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N. (1974): Anther culture as a means of haploid induction. In: Haploids in Higher Plants — Advances and Potential (ed.: Kasha, K.J.), pp. 91–122. Guelph: The University of Guelph

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N. (1978): Strategies in the improvement of yields in anther culture. In: Proceedings of Symposium on Plant Tissue Culture, Peking, pp. 65–86. Peking: Science Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.; Collins, G.B.; Dunwell, J.M. (1974): The role of nuclear fusion in pollen embryogenesis of Datura innoxia Mill. Planta 117, 227–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.; Dunwell, J.M. (1977): Anther and pollen culture. In: Plant Tissue and Cell Culture (ed.: Street, H.E.), pp. 223–265. Oxford — London — Edinburgh — Melbourne: Blackwell

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.; Roberts, M. (1977): New approach to pollen culture. Nature 270, 236–238

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.; Roberts, M. (1979): Cold-pretreatment of excised flower buds in float culture of tobacco anthers. Ann. Bot. 43, 405414

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.: Roberts, M.; Evans, L.J.; Wildon, D.C. (1979): Multicellular pollen formation in cultured barley anthers I. Independent division of the generative and vegetative cells. J. Exp. Bot. 30, 1133–1144

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.; Wicks, F.M. (1971): Embryoid formation in pollen grains of Nicotiana tabacum. J. Exp. Bot. 22, 213–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderland, N.; Wildon, D.C. (1979): A note on the pretreatment of excised flower buds in float culture of Hyoscyamus anthers. Plant Sci. Lett. 15, 169–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomes, D.T.; Collins, G.B. (1976): Factors affecting haploid plant production from in vitro anther culture of Nicotiana species. Crop Sci. 16, 837–840

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyagi, A.K.; Rashid, A.; Maheshwari, S.C. (1979): High frequency production of embryos in Datura innoxia from isolated pollen grains by combined cold treatment and serial culture of anthers in liquid medium. Protoplasma 99, 11–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyagi, A.K.; Rashid, A.; Maheshwari. S.C. (1980a): Enhancement of pollen embryo formation in Datura innoxia by charcoal. Physiol. Plant. 49, 296–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyagi, A.K.; Rashid, A.: Maheshwari, S.C. (1980b): Enhancement of pollen embryo formation in Datura innoxia from isolated pollen grains by different culture conditions. In: Symp. on Plant Tissue Culture, Genetic Manipulation and Somatic Hybridization of Plant Cells. Bombay: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

    Google Scholar 

  • Vagera, J. (1978): Effect of mutagens on androgenesis in some species of the genus Nicotiana L. Biol. Plant. 20, 19–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Vishnoi, A.; Babbar, S.B.; Gupta, S.C. (1979): Induction of androgenesis in anther cultures of Withania somnifera. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 94, 169–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C.-C; Chu, C.-C; Sun, C.-S.; Wu, S.-H.; Yin, K.-C.; Hsü, C. (1973): The androgenesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum) anthers cultured in vitro. Sci. Sinica 16, 218–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C.-C; Sun, C.-S.; Chu, Z.-C. (1974): On the conditions for the induction of rice pollen plantlets and certain factors affecting the frequency of induction. Acta Bot. Sinica 16, 43–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Weatherhead, M.A.; Burdon, J.; Henshaw, G.G. (1978): Some effects of activated charcoal as an additive to plant tissue culture media. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 89, 141–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, G. (1980): Anther culture and its role in plant breeding. In: Symp. on Plant Tissue Culture, Genetic Manipulation and Somatic Hybridization of Plant Cells. Bombay: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, G.; Hoffmann, F.; Potrykus, I.; Thomas, E. (1975): The separation of viable rye microspores from mixed populations and their development in culture. Molec. Gen. Genet. 138, 293–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, G.; Hoffmann, F.; Thomas, E. (1976): Heterozygous microspore-derived plants in rye. Theor. Appl. Genet. 48, 205–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, G.; Hoffmann, F.; Thomas, E. (1977): Increased induction and chromosome doubling of androgenetic haploid rye. Theor. Appl. Genet. 51, 81–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, G.; Schieder, O.; Przewozny, T.; Sopory, S.K.; Melchers, G. (1979): Comparison of single cell culture derived Solarium tuberosum L. plants and a model for their application in breeding programs. Theor. Appl. Genet. 55, 49–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Wernicke, W.; Harms, C.T.; Lörz, H.; Thomas, E. (1978): Selective enrichment of embryogenic microspore populations. Naturwissenschaften 65, 540–541

    Google Scholar 

  • Wernicke, W.; Kohlenbach, H.W. (1975): Anthercultures in the genus Scopolia. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 77, 89–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Wernicke, W.; Kohlenbach, H.W. (1976): Investigations on liquid culture medium as a means of anther culture in Nicotiana. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 79, 189–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Wernicke, W.; Kohlenbach, H.W. (1977): Experiments on the culture of isolated microspores in Nicotiana and Hyoscyamus. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 81, 330–340

    Google Scholar 

  • Wernicke, W.; Lörz, H.; Thomas, E. (1979): Plant regeneration from leaf protoplasts of haploid Hyoscyamus muticus L. produced via anther culture. Plant Sci. Lett. 15, 239–250

    Google Scholar 

  • White, P.R. (1963): The Cultivation of Animal and Plant Cells. New York: Ronald Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, H.M. (1977): Culture of whole barley spikes stimulates high frequencies of pollen calluses in individual anthers. Plant Sci. Lett. 9, 233–238

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, H.M.; Mix, G.; Foroughi-Wehr, B. (1978): Early microspore divisions and subsequent formation of microspore calluses at high frequency in anthers of Hordeum vulgare L. J. Exp. Bot. 29, 227–238

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Delhi, India

    S. C. Maheshwari, A. K. Tyagi & K. Malhotra

  2. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    S. K. Sopory

Authors
  1. S. C. Maheshwari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. K. Tyagi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. Malhotra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. K. Sopory
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Communicated by G. Wenzel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Maheshwari, S.C., Tyagi, A.K., Malhotra, K. et al. Induction of haploidy from pollen grains in angiosperms — the current status. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 58, 193–206 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00288437

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00288437

Key words

Search

Navigation