Summary
We studied the production of the ilvG gene product, the valine resistant acetolactate synthase isoenzyme II, in an ilvO + G + ilvB ilvHI derivative of Escherichia coli K-12. This strain contains mutations in the structural genes for the valine sensitive acetolactate synthase isoenzymes I and III. We find that the ilvG gene is not expressed in this strain when grown with either isoleucine and valine or with isoleucine, leucine and valine, or when limited for either isoleucine or valine. Since we previously found that the ilvG gene is expressed in an ilvO603 containing strain (Favre et al., 1976), we presume that the mechanism by which E. coli K-12 regulates the ilv gene cluster is responsible for the lack of ilvG expression in the ilvO + strain. The valine sensitivity of E. coli K-12 is a consequence of this regulatory pattern.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bachmann, B.J., Low, K.B., Taylor, A.L.: Recalibrated Linkage map of Escherichia coli K-12. Bact. Rev. 40, 116–167 (1976)
Blatt, J.M., Pledger, W.J., Umbarger, H.E.: Isoleucine and valine metabolism in Escherichia coli. XX. Multiple forms of acetohydroxy acid synthetase. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 48, 444–450 (1972)
Childs, G., Ohtsubo, E., Freundlich, M.: Restriction endonuclease fragment map of the E. coli chromosome in the vicinity of the ilv genes. Abstract III, ICN-UCLA Winter Conference on Molecular and Cellular Biology, Keystone, Colorado (1976)
De Felice, M., Guardiola, J., Esposito, B., Iaccarino, M.: Structural genes for a newly recognized acetolactate synthase in Escherichia coli K-12. J. Bact. 120, 1068–1077 (1974b)
De Felice, M., Guardiola, J., Malorni, M.C., Klopotowski, T., Iaccarino, M.: Regulation of the pool size of valine in Escherichia coli K-12. J. Bact. 120, 1058–1067 (1974a)
De Felice, M., Guardiola, J., Schreil, W., Levinthal, M., Iaccarino, M.: Metabolic interlock between the acetolactate synthase isoenzymes and lysine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K-12. Molec. gen. Genet. 156, 9–16 (1977).
Dwyer, S.B., Umbarger, H.E.: Isoleucine and valine metabolism of Escherichia coli. XVI. Pattern of multivalent repression in strain K-12. J. Bact. 95, 1680–1684 (1968)
Favre, R., Wiater, A., Puppo, S., Iaccarino, M., Noelle, R., Freundlich, M.: Expression of a valine-resistant acetolactate synthase activity mediated by the ilvO and ilvG genes of Escherichia coli K-12. Molec. gen. Genet. 143, 243–252 (1976)
Guardiola, J.: Requirement of the newly recognized ilvJ gene for the expression of a valine transaminase activity in E. coli K-12. Molec. gen. Genet. (in press)
Guardiola, J., De Felice, M., Iaccarino, M.: Mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 missing acetolactate synthase activity. J. Bact. 120, 536–538 (1974)
Guardiola, J., De Felice, M., Lamberti, A., Iaccarino, M.: The acetolactate synthase isoenzymes of Escherichia coli K-12. Molec. gen. Genet. 156, 17–25 (1977)
guardiola, J., Iaccarino, M.: Escherichia coli K-12 mutants altered in the transport of branched-chain amino acids. J. Bact. 108, 1034–1044 (1971)
Iaccarino, M., Berg, P.: Isoleucine auxotrophy as a consequence of a mutationally altered isoleucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthatase. J. Bact. 105, 527–537 (1971)
Jacob, F., Monod, J.: Genetic Regulatory Mechanism in the Synthesis of Proteins. J. molec. Biol. 3, 318–356 (1961)
Jacob, F., Perrin, D., Sanchez, C., and Monod, J.: L'opéron: groupe de gènes à expression coordonnée par un opérateur. Compt. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 250, 1727–1729 (1960)
Leavitt, R.I., Umbarger, H.E.: Isoleucine and Valine Metabolism in Escherichia coli. X. The enzymatic formation of acetohydroxybutyrate. J. biol. Chem. 236, 2486–2491 (1961)
Leavitt, R.I., Umbarger, H.E.: Isoleucine and valine metabolism in Escherichia coli. XI. Valine inhibition of the growth of Escherichia coli strain K-12. J. Bact. 83, 624–630 (1962)
Lennox, E.S.: Transduction of linked genetic characters of the host by bacteriophage P1. Virology 1, 190–206 (1955)
Levinthal, M., Levinthal, M., Williams, L.S.: The regulation of the ilvADGE operon: Evidence for positive control by threonine deaminase. J. molec. Biol. 102, 453–465 (1976)
Levinthal, M., Nikaido, H.: Consequences of deletion mutations joining two operons of opposite polarity. J. molec. Biol. 42, 511–520 (1969)
Lodish, H.: Secondary structure of bacteriophage f2 ribonucleic acid and the initiation of in vitro protein biosynthesis. J. molec. Biol. 50, 689–702 (1970)
Lo Schiavo, F., Favre, R., Kasai, T., Cascino, A., Guardiola, J., Caro, L., Iaccarino, M.: The ϕ80 λ dilv phage and its use to detect mRNA related to isoleucine-valine metabolism. J. molec. Biol. 99, 353–368 (1975)
Modiano, G.: Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei, Ser. VIII, 13, 53–438 (1976)
O'Neill, J.P., Freundlich, M.: Two forms of biosynthetic acetohydroxy acid synthetase in Salmonella typhimurium. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 48, 437–443 (1972)
O'Neill, J.P., Freundlich, M.: Temperature-sensitive growth inhibition by valine in Salmonella typhimurium: alteration of one form of acetohydroxy acid synthetase. J. Bact. 116, 98–106 (1973)
Prasad, I., Schaefler, S.: Regulation of the β-glucoside system in Escherichia coli K-12. J. Bact. 120, 638–650 (1974)
Raffel, D., Muller, H.J.: Position effect and gene divisibility considered in connection with three strikingly similar scute mutations. Genetics 25, 541–583 (1940)
Ramakrishnan, T., Adelberg, E.A.: Regulatory mechanisms in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine. I. Genetic derepression of enzyme formation. J. Bact. 87, 566–573 (1964)
Ramakrishnan, T., Adelberg, E.A.: Regulatory mechanisms in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine. II. Identification of two operator genes. J. Bact. 89, 654–660 (1965a)
Ramakrishnan, T., Adelberg, E.A.: Regulatory mechanisms in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine. III. Map order of the structural genes and operator genes. J. Bact. 89, 661–664 (1965b)
Rowley, D.: Interrelationships between amino-acids in the growth of coliform organisms. J. gen. Microbiol. 9, 37–43 (1953)
Schaefler, S., Malamy, A.: Taxonomic investigations on expressed and cryptic phospho-β-glucosidases in Enterobacteriaceae. J. Bact. 99, 422–433 (1969)
Smith, J.M., smolin, D., Umbarger, H.E.: Polarity and the regulation of the ilv gene cluster in Escherichia coli strain K-12. Molec. gen. Genet. 148, 111–124 (1976)
Stormer, F.C., Umbarger, H.E.: The requirement for flavine adenine dinucleotide in the formation of acetolactate by Salmonella typhimurium extracts. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 17, 587–592 (1964)
Umbarger, H.E.: In: Current topics in cellular regulation (B.L. Horecker and E.R. Stadtman, eds.), Vol. 1, pp. 57–76. London-New York: Academic Press 1969
Umbarger, H.E., Brown, B.: Isoleucine and valine metabolism in Escherichia coli. VIII. The formation of acetolactate. J. biol. Chem. 233, 1156–1160 (1958)
Umbarger, H.E., Davis, B.D.: In: The bacteria (I.C. Gunsalus and R.Y. Stanier, eds.), Vol. III, pp. 167–251. London-New York: Academic Press 1962
Vogel, H.J., Bonner, D.M.: Acetylornithinase of Escherichia coli: partial purfication and some properties. J. biol. Chem. 218, 97–106 (1956)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by F. Gros
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
De Felice, M., Squires, C., Levinthal, M. et al. Growth inhibition of Escherichia coli K-12 by L-valine: A consequence of a regulatory pattern. Molec. Gen. Genet. 156, 1–7 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00272245
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00272245