Summary
Drugs are transformed in the body by a variety of pathways to yield pharmacologically active or inactive metabolic products. Some reactions result in active metabolites, and some in inactive products. Depending on the structure of the drug, the same reaction may form active or inactive metabolites. Although compounds are ultimately transformed by enzymes there are many factors that modify enzyme activity such as inhibitors, activators, tissue localization, vitamins and hormones.
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Axelrod, J. Biochemical factors in the activation and inactivation of drugs. Naunyn - Schmiedebergs Arch 238, 24–35 (1960). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00258649
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00258649