Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Proline specific endo- and exopeptidases

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Peptidases which are specific for proline residues have been described and include endopeptidases (post-proline cleaving enzyme and proline specific endopeptidase), N-terminal exopeptidases (post-proline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase, proline iminopeptidase, aminopeptidase P), C-terminal exopeptidases (prolylcarboxypeptidase, and carboxypeptidase P) and dipeptidases (prolyl dipeptidase and proline dipeptidase). The properties, distinguishing characteristics, and possible significance of these proline specific endo- and exopeptidases are discussed. In addition, reference is made to a series of enzymes which can hydrolyze proline containing peptide bonds, but which are not specific for proline.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Walter, R., Shlank, H., Glass, J. D., Schwartz, I. L. and Kerenyi, T. D., 1971. Science 173, 827–829.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Shlank, H. and Walter, R., 1972. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 141, 452–455.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Walter, R., 1973. Peptides 1972, Proc. 12th Europ. Peptide Symp., (Hanson, H. and Jakubke, H. D., editors) pp. 363–378, North-Holland Amsterdam; Elsevier, New York.

  4. Walter, R., 1976. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 422, 138–158.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Koida, M. and Walter, R., 1976. J. Biol. Chem. 251, 7593–7599.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yoshimoto, T., Orlowski, R. C. and Walter R., 1977. Biochemistry 16, 2942–2948.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Yoshimoto, T., Fischl, M., Orlowski, R. C. and Walter R., 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253, 3708–3716.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Walter, R. and Yoshimoto, T., 1978. Biochemistry 17, 4139–4144.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Yoshimoto, T., Ogita, K., Walter, R., Koida, M. and Tsuru, D., 1979. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 569, 184–192.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Yoshimoto, T. and Tsuru, D., 1978. Agric. Biol. Chem. 42, 2417–2419.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Yoshimoto, T., Tsuru, D., Koida, M., Simmons, W. and Walter, R., 1979. XIth Int. Cong. Biochem., Toronto p. 231.

  12. Schechter, I. and Berger, A., 1967. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 27, 157–162.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Walter, R. and Simmons, W. H., 1977. in Neurohypophysis (Moses, A. M. and Share, L. editors), pp. 167–188, Karger, Basel.

  14. Prasad, C. and Peterkofsky, A., 1976. J. Biol. Chem. 251, 3229–3234.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Orlowski, M., Pearce, S., Wilk, E. and Wilk, S., 1978. Fed. Proc. 37(5), 915.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Rupnow, J. H., Taylor, W. L. and Dixon, J. E., 1979. Biochemistry 18, 1206–1212.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Emerson, C. H. and Vogel, W., 1979. Fed. Proc. 38, 3963.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Knisatschek, H. and Bauer, K., 1979. XIth Int. Cong. Biochem., Toronto, p. 600.

  19. Hersh, L. B. and McKelvy, J. F., 1979. Brain Res. 168, 553–564.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Oliveira, E. B., Martins, A. R. and Camargo, A. C. M., 1976. Biochemistry 15, 1967–1974.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rauner, R. A., Schmidt, J. J. and Najjar, V. A., 1976. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 10, 77–80.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Van Eerd, J. P., Capony, J. P., Ferraz, C. and Pechere, J. F., 1978. Eur. J. Biochem. 91, 231–242.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Fleer, E. A. M., Verheij, H. M. and DeHaas, G. H., 1978. Eur. J. Biochem. 82, 261–269.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hopsu-Havu, V. K. and Glenner, G. C., 1966. Histochem. 7, 197–201.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hopsu-Havu, V. K. and Sarimo, S. R., 1967. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 348, 1540–1550.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Barth, A., Schulz, H. and Neubert, K., 1974. Acta. Biol. Med. Germ. 32, 157–174.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kenny, A. J., Booth, A. G., George, S. G., Ingram, J., Kershaw, D., Wood, E. J. and Young, A. R., 1976. Biochem. J. 157, 169–182.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Krutzsch, H. C. and Pisano, J. J., 1979. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 576, 280–289.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Oya, H., Nagatsu, I. and Nagatsu, T., 1972. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 258, 591–599.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Svensson, B., Danielsen, M., Jeppesen, L., Noren, O. and Sjostrom, H., 1978. Eur. J. Biochem. 90, 489–498.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Yoshimoto, T. and Walter, R., 1977. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 485, 391–401.

    Google Scholar 

  32. McDonald, J. K., Callahan, P. X., Ellis, S. and Smith, R. E., 1971. In Tissue Proteinases (Barrett, A. J. and Dingle, J. T., editors) pp. 69–107, North-Holland, Amsterdam.

  33. Hopsu-Havu, V. K. and Ekfors, T. O., 1969. Histochemie 17, 30–38.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Kato, T., Hama, T., Kojima, K., Nagatsu, T. and Sakakibara, S., 1978. Clin. Chem. 24, 1163–1166.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Hopsu-Havu, V. K., Rintola, P. and Glenner, G. G., 1968. Acta. Chem. Scand. 22, 299–208.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Fukasawa, K. M., Fukasawa, K. and Harada, M., 1978. Biochim Biophys. Acta 535, 161–166.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Wolf, B., Fischer, G. and Barth, A., 1978. Acta Biol. Med. Germ. 37, 409–420.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Kullertz, G., Fisher, G. and Barth, A., 1978. Acta Biol. Med. Germ. 37, 559–567.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Barth, A., 1979. Wiss. Z. Univ. Halle 3, 23–48.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Kato, T., Nagatsu, T., Fukasawa, K., Harada, M., Nagatsu, I. and Sakakibara, S., 1978. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 525, 417–422.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Heymann, E. and Mentlein, R., 1978. FEBS Lett. 91, 360–364.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Yajima, H., Kitagawa, K. and Segawa, T., 1973. Chem. Pharm. Bull 21, 2500–2506.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Hino, M., Nagatsu, T., Kakumu, S., Okuyama, S., Yoshii, Y. and Nagatsu, I., 1975. Clin. Chim. Acta 62, 5–11.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Fuyamada, H., Hino, M., Nagatsu, T., Ogawa, K. and Sakakibara, S., 1977. Clin. Chim. Acta 74, 177–181.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Kar, N. C. and Pearson, C. M., 1978, Clinic. Chim. Acta 82, 185–192.

    Google Scholar 

  46. McDonald, J. K., Callahan, P. X. and Ellis, S., 1972. Meth. Enzymol. 25, 272–281.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Sarid, S., Berger, A. and Katchalski, E., 1959. J. Biol. Chem. 234, 1740–1746.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Sarid, S., Berger, A. and Katchalski, E., 1962. J. Biol. Chem. 237, 2207–2212.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Nordwig, A. and Mayer, H., 1973. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 354, 380–383.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Brecher, A. S. and Suszkiw, J. B., 1969. Biochem. J. 112, 335–342.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Marks, N., Datta, R. K. and Lajtha, A., 1968. J. Biol. Chem. 243, 2882–2889.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Simmons, W. H. and Brecher, A. S., 1973. J. Biol. Chem. 248. 5780–5784.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Hayashi, M. and Oshima, K., 1977. J. Biochem. 81, 631–639.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Khilji, M. A. and Bailey, G. S., 1978. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 527, 282–288.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Yaron, A. and Berger, A., 1970. Meth. Enzymol. 19, 521–534.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Yaron, A. and Mlynar, D., 1968. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 32, 658–663.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Dehm, P. and Nordwig. A., 1970. Eur. J. Biochem. 17, 364–371.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Kenny, A. J., Booth, A. G. and Macnair, R. D. C., 1977. Acta Biol. Med. Germ. 36, 1575–1585.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Odya, C. E., Marinkovic, D. V., Hammon, K. J., Stewart, T. A. and Erdos, E. G., 1978. J. Biol. Chem. 253, 5927–5931.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Dehm, P. and Nordwig, A., 1970. Eur. J. Biochem. 17, 372–377.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Yang, H. Y. T., Erdos, E. G. and Chiang, T. S., 1968. Nature 218, 1224–1226.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Yang, H. Y. T., Erdos, E. G., Chiang, T. S., Jenssen, T. A. and Rodgers, J. G, 1970. Biochem. Pharmacol. 19, 1201–1211.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kakimoto, T., Oshima, G., Yeh, H. S. J. and Erdos, E. G., 1973. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 302, 178–182.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Smith, E. L., 1955. Meth. Enzymol. 2, 93–109.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Davis, N. C. and Adams, E., 1955. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 57, 301–305.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Grassmann, W., Von Schoenebeck, O. and Auerbach, G., 1932. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 210, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Davis, N. C. and Smith, E. L., 1953. J. Biol. Chem. 200, 373–384.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Mayer, H. and Nordwig, A., 1973. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 354, 371–379.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Akrawi, A. F. and Bailey, G. S., 1976. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 422, 170–178.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Akrawi, A. F. and Bailey, G. S., 1977. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 5, 271–274.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Bergmann, M. and Fruton, J. S., 1937. J. Biol. Chem. 117, 189–202.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Rapley, S., Lewis, W. H. P. and Harris, H., 1971. Ann. Hum. Genet. 34, 307–320.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Baksi, K. and Radhakrishnan, A. N., 1974. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys. 11, 7–11.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Ryden, A. C., 1971. Acta Chem. Scand. 25, 847–858.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Davis, N. C. and Smith, E. L., 1957. J. Biol. Chem. 224, 261–275.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Sjostrom, H., Noren, O. and Josefson, L., 1973. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 327, 457–470.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Lin, L. N. and Brandts, J. F., 1979. Biochemistry 18, 43–47.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Sjostrom H., 1974. Acta Chem. Scand. B. 28, 802–808.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Sjostrom, H. and Noren, O., 1974. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 359, 177–185.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Sjostrom, H. and Noren, O., 1978. Int. J. Pept. Prot. Res. 11, 159–165.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Wingard, M., Matsueda, G. and Wolfe, R. S., 1972. J. Bact. 112, 940–949.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Lewis, W. G., Basford, J. M. and Walton, P. L., 1978. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 522, 551–560.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Pitlick, F. A., Nemerson, Y., Gottlieb, A. J., Gordon, R. G. and Williams, W. J., 1971. Biochemistry 10, 2650–2657.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Simmons, W. H., Burkholder, D. E. and Brecher, A. S., 1976. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 152, 576–584.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Kasper, C. B., 1975. In Protein Sequence Determination (Needleman, S. B., editor), pp. 114–161, Springer-Verlag, New York.

  86. Bennick, A., Wong, R. and Cannon, M., 1977. In Calcium Binding Proteins and Calcium Function (Wasserman, R. H., Corradino, R. A., Carafoli, E., Kretsinger, R. H., MacLennan, D. H. and Siegel, F. L., editors), pp. 391–400, North-Holland, Amsterdam.

  87. Schlesinger, D. H. and Hay, D. I., 1979. 6th Am. Peptide Symp. (in press.)

  88. Marks, N. and Walter R., 1972. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 140, 673–676.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Nair, R. M. G., Kastin, A. J. and Schally, A. V., 1971. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 43, 1376–1381.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Khilji, M. A., Akrawi, A. F. and Bailey, G. S., 1979. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 23, 45–52.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Adams, E., Davis, N. C. and Smith, E. L., 1952. J. Biol. Chem. 199, 845–856.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Sobel, R. E. and Brecher, A. S., 1971. Can J. Biochem. 49, 676–685.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Chenoweth, D., Mitchell, R. E. J. and Smith, E. L., 1973. J. Biol. Chem. 248, 1672–1683.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Marks, N. and Lajtha, A., 1970. Meth. Enzymol. 19, 534–543.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Doumeng, C. and Maroux, S., 1979. Biochem. J. 177, 801–808.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Marks, N., Abrash, L. and Walter, R., 1973. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 142, 455–460.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Abrash, L., Walter, R. and Marks, N., 1971. Experientia 27, 1352–1353.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Suszkiw, J. B. and Brecher, A. S., 1970. Biochemistry 9, 4008–4017.

    Google Scholar 

  99. McDonald, J. K. Mid Schwabe, C., 1977. In Proteinases of Mammalian Cells and Tissues (Barrett, A. J., editor), pp. 311–391, North-Holland, Amsterdam.

  100. Hayashi, R., 1976. Meth. Enzymol. 45, 568–587.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Zuber, H., 1976. Meth. Enzymol. 45, 561–568.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Hofmann, T., 1976. Meth. Enzymol. 45, 587–599.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Matsuda, K., 1976. J. Biochem. 80, 659–669.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Ambler, R. P., 1972. Meth. Enzymol. 25, 262–272.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Carraway, R. and Leeman, S. E., 1975. J. Biol. Chem. 250, 1907–1911.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Soffer, R. L., 1976. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 45, 73–94.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Yaron, A., 1976. Meth. Enzymol. 45, 599–610.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Hayman, S. and Patterson, E. K., 1971. J. Biol. Chem. 246, 660–669.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Noren, O., Sjostrom, H. and Josefsson, L., 1973. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 327, 446–456.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Orlowski, M., Wilk, E., Pearce, S. and Wilk, S., 1979, J. Neurochem. 33, 461–469.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Knisatschek, H. and Bauer, K., 1979, J. Biol. Chem. 254, 10936–10943.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at the Medical Center, 60612, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A

    Roderich Walter, William H. Simmons & Tadashi Yoshimoto

  2. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi, 1-14, 852, Nagasaki, Japan

    Roderich Walter, William H. Simmons & Tadashi Yoshimoto

Authors
  1. Roderich Walter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. William H. Simmons
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Tadashi Yoshimoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Walter, R., Simmons, W.H. & Yoshimoto, T. Proline specific endo- and exopeptidases. Mol Cell Biochem 30, 111–127 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00227927

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00227927

Keywords

Search

Navigation