Summary
The magnocellular preoptic nucleus of fishes (Anguilla anguilla, Amiurus nebulosus, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) has been studied by light and electron microscopy.
Two kinds of neurons were found: a) large, electron-dense, Gomori-positive cells with moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) positivity which contain granulated vesicles of 1400 to 2200 Å (in average 1600 to 1800 Å), and b) small, strongly AChE-positive, electron-lucent neurons containing granulated vesicles of 900 to 1200 Å. The nerve cells are supplied with axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses. These are formed by axon terminals containing either 1. synaptic vesicles of 500 Å, or 2. synaptic vesicles of 500 Å and dense-core vesicles of 600 to 800 Å, or 3. synaptic vesicles of 600 Å and granulated vesicles of up to 1100 Å, or 4. synaptic vesicles of about 400 Å and granulated vesicles of up to 1800 Å. The presence of “peptidergic” and numerous other synapses shows the complexity of the organization and afferentation of the magnocellular preoptic nucleus.
In the eel, both types of nerve cells form dendritic terminals within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). These CSF contacting dendrites are supplied with 9×2+0 cilia. In the other species investigated, only some large neurons build up intraventricular endings. The ependymofugal process of the CSF contacting neurons enters the preoptic-neurohypophysial tract.
Perikarya of both the large and the small cells may give rise to single, paired or multiple 9×2+0 cilia extending into the intercellular space. The number of CSF contacting neurons is reciprocal to the number of perikarya with intercellular cilium. These latter cells may represent modified, more differentiated forms of the CSF contacting neurons. We think that atypical cilia protruding into the intercellular space may have the same significance for the intercellular fluid as the cilia of the intraventricular dendrites of the CSF contacting neurons for the CSF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bargmann, W.: Über das Zwischenhirn-Hypophysensystem von Fischen. Z. Zellforsch. 38, 275–298 (1953)
Bargmann, W.: The neurosecretory diencephalo-hypophyseal system and its synaptic connections. J. Neurovisc. Rel. Suppl. 9, 64–77 (1969)
Bargmann, W.: Problems of hypothalamic neurosecretion. Neurochirurgia (Stuttg.) 29, 263–267 (1971)
Bargmann, W., Lindner, E., Andres, K.H.: Über Synapsen an endokrinen Epithelzellen und die Definition sekretorischer Neurone. Untersuchungen am Zwischenlappen der Katzenhypophyse. Z. Zellforsch. 77, 282–298 (1967)
Baumgarten, H.G., Braak, H.: Catecholamine im Hypothalamus vom Goldfisch (Carassius auratus). Z. Zellforsch. 80, 246–263 (1967)
Chevins, P.F.D.: Ultrastructure of the pituitary complex in the genus Raia (Elasmobranchii). I. The pars neurointermedia. Z. Zellforsch. 130, 193–204 (1972)
Ekengren, B.: The nucleus preopticus and the nucleus lateralis tuberis in the roach, Leuciscus rutilus. Z. Zellforsch. 140, 369–388 (1973)
Follenius, E.: Étude comparative de la cytologie fine du noyau préoptique (NPO) et du noyau latéral du tuber (NLT) chez la truite (Salmo irideus Gibb.) et chez la perche (Perca fluviatilis). Comparison des deux types de neurosécrétion. Gen. comp. Endocr. 3, 66–85 (1963)
Follenius, E.: Bases structurales et ultrastructurales des corrélations hypothalamo-hypophysaires chez quelques espèces de poissons Téléostéens. Ann. Sci. natur. Zool. et Biol. Anim. 12, Ser. 7, 1–150(1965)
Follenius, E.: Cytologie des systèmes neurosécréteurs hypothalamo-hypophysaires des poissons Téléostéens. In: Neurosecretion, (ed. F. Stutinsky), p. 42–55. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1967
Follenius, E., Porte, A.: Étude du noyau préoptique de la perche (Perca fluviatilis L.) au microscope électronique. Endocrinologie. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 254, 930–932 (1962)
Harnack, M. von, Lederis, K.: Fine structure of the hypothalamo-hypophysial secretory neurons. Gen. comp. Endocr. 2, 618–619 (1962)
Hild, W.: Zur Frage der Neurosekretion im Zwischenhirn der Schleie (Tinca vulgaris) und ihrer Beziehungen zur Neurohypophyse. Z. Zellforsch. 35, 33–46 (1950)
Kandel, E.R.: Electrical properties of hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells. J. gen. Physiol. 47, 691–717 (1964)
Knowles, F., Vollrath, L.: Synaptic contacts between neurosecretory fibres and pituicytes in the pituitary of the eel. Nature (Lond.) 206, No. 4989, 1168–1169 (1965)
Knowles, F., Weatherhead, B., Martin, R.: The ultrastructure of neurosecretory fibre terminals after zinc-iodine-osmium impregnation. In: Aspects of neuroendocrinology, (eds. W. Bargmann, B. Scharrer), p. 159–165. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970
Koizumi, K., Yamashita, H.: Studies of antidromically identified neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus by intracellular and extracellular recordings. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 221, 683–705 (1972)
Leatherland, J.F., Dodd, J.M.: Types of secretory neurones in the preoptic nucleus of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla L. Nature (Lond.) 216, No. 5115, 586–587 (1967)
Leatherland, J.F., Dodd, J.M.: Histology and fine structure of the preoptic nucleus and hypothalamic tracts of the European eel Anguilla anguilla L. Phil. Trans. B. 256, 135–145 (1969)
Lederis, K.: Ultrastructure of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system in teleost fishes and isolation of hormone-containing granules from the neurohypophysis of the cod (Gadus morrhua). Z. Zellforsch. 58, 192–213 (1962)
Müller, H., Sterba, G., Weiss, J.: Beiträge zur Hydrencephalocrinie. III. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über die Ausleitung von Neurosekret in den Liquor. Z. wiss. Zool. Leipzig 183, 156–180(1971)
Müller, H., Weiss, J., Sterba, G.: Hydrencephalocrinie bei der Bachforelle. In: Zirkumventrikuläre Organe und Liquor, (Hrsg. G. Sterba), p. 273–276. Jena: Fischer 1969
Negro, H., Visessuwan, S., Holland, R.C.: Inhibition and excitation of units in paraventricular nucleus after stimulation of the septum, amygdala and neurohypophysis. Brain Res. 57, 479–483 (1973)
Öztan, N.: Neurosecretory processes projecting from the preoptic nucleus into the third ventricle of Zoarces viviparus L. Z. Zellforsch. 80, 458–160 (1967)
Palay, L.: The fine structure of secretory neurons in the preoptic nucleus of the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Anat. Rec. 138, 417–443 (1960)
Rodriguez, E.M., Baigorria, Z., Rodriguez, A., Ciocca, D.: Evidence for the periventricular localization of the hypothalamic osmoreceptors. In: Neurosecretion —The final neuroendocrine pathway, (eds. F. Knowles, L. Vollrath). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1974
Scharrer, B.: The concept of neurosecretion past and present. In: Hypothalamus and hormones. Recent studies of hypothalamic function, p. 1–7. Basel: Karger 1974a
Scharrer, B.: The spectrum of neuroendocrine communication. In: Hypothalamus and hormones. Recent studies of hypothalamic function, p. 8–16. Basel: Karger 1974b
Scharrer, E.: Electron microscopy of neurosecretory cells in the preoptic nucleus of the toadfish (Opsanus tau). Biol. Bull. 123, 461–462 (1962)
Sotelo, C.: Ultrastructural aspects of the cerebellar cortex of the frog. In: Neurobiology of cerebellar evolution and development, (ed. R. Llinás), p. 327–371. Chicago: Amer. Med. Ass. Education — Res. Foundation 1969
Sterba, G.: Zur cerebrospinalen Neurokrinie der Wirbeltiere. Zool. Anz. Suppl. 29, 393–440 (1966)
Sterba, G., Weiss, J.: Beiträge zur Hydrencephalokrinie: I. Hypothalamische Hydrencephalokrinie der Bachforelle (Salmo trutta fario). J. Hirnforsch. 9, 359–371 (1967)
Sterba, G., Weiss, J.: Beiträge zur Hydrencephalokrinie. II. Saisonale und altersbedingte Veränderungen der hypothalamischen Hydrencephalokrinie bei der Bachforelle (Salmo trutta fario). J. Hirnforsch. 10, 49–54 (1968)
Stutinsky, F.: La neurosécrétion chez l'anguille normale et hypophysectomisée. Z. Zellforsch. 39, 276–297 (1953)
Vigh, B.: Das Paraventrikularorgan und das zirkumventrikuläre System. Stud. Biol. Hung. 10. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó 1971
Vigh, B., Teichmann, L., Aros, B.: Das Paraventrikularorgan und das Liquorkontakt-Neuronensystem. Anat. Anz. Suppl. 125, 683–688 (1969)
Vigh, B., Vigh-Teichmann, I.: Comparative ultrastructure of the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons. Int. Rev. Cytol. 35, 189–251 (1973)
Vigh, B., Vigh-Teichmann, L: Vergleich der Ultrastruktur der Liquorkontaktneurone und Pinealozyten der Säugetiere. 69. Verh. Anat. Ges. Kiel 1974. Anat. Anz. (in press)
Vigh, B., Vigh-Teichmann, L, Aros, B.: Comparative ultrastructure of cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons and pinealocytes. Cell Tiss. Res. 158, 409–424 (1975)
Vigh-Teichmann, I.: Hydrencephalocriny of neurosecretory material in amphibia. In: Zirkumventrikuläre Organe und Liquor, (Hrsg. G. Sterba), p. 269–272. Jena: Fischer 1969
Vigh-Teichmann, I.: Fiber connections of hypothalamic CSF contacting neurosecretory cells. In: Neurosecretion. The final neuroendocrine pathway, (eds. F. Knowles, L. Vollrath). BerlinHeidelberg-New York: Springer 1974
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B.: The neurosecretory preoptic nucleus as a member of the liquor contacting neuronal system. Acta morph. Acad. Sci. hung. 17, 338 (1969)
Vigh-Teichmaim, I., Vigh, B.: Structure and function of the liquor contacting neurosecretory system. In: Aspects of neuroendocrinology, (eds. W. Bargmann, B. Scharrer), p. 329–337. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B.: The infundibular cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons. Advances Anat. Embryol. Cell Biol. 50/2, 1–91 (1974)
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B.: Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen am Paraventrikularorgan. Int. Symp. on Circumventricular organs, Castle Reinhardsbrunn April 13–17, 1975
Vigh-Teichmann, L., Vigh, B., Aros, B.: Fluorescence histochemical studies on the preoptic recess organ in various vertebrates. Acta biol. Acad. Sci. hung. 20, 425–438 (1969)
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B., Aros, B.: Ultrastructure of the CSF contacting neurons of the preoptic nucleus in the newt (Triturus cristatus). Acta morph. Acad. Sci. hung. 18, 383–394 (1970)
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B., Aros, B.: CSF contacting axons and synapses in the lumen of the pineal organ. Z. Zellforsch. 144, 139–152 (1973)
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B., Koritsánszky, S.: Liquorkontaktneurone im Nucleus paraventricularis. Z. Zellforsch. 103, 483–501 (1970a)
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B., Koritsánszky, S.: Liquorkontaktneurone im Nucleus lateralis tuberis von Fischen. Z. Zellforsch. 105, 325–338 (1970b)
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B., Koritsánszky, S., Aros, B.: Liquorkontaktneurone im Nucleus infundibularis. Z. Zellforsch. 108, 17–34 (1970)
Vollrath, L.: The ultrastructure of the eel pituitary at the elver stage with special reference to its neurosecretory innervation. Z. Zellforsch. 73, 107–131 (1966)
Weiss, J.: Saisonale Veränderungen des Enzymmusters und des Neurosekretgehaltes sowie die Innervation des Nucleus praeopticus der Bachforelle (Salmo trutta fario) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der hypothalamischen Hydrencephalocrinie. Morph. Jb. 115, 444–486 (1970)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Dedicated to Prof. Dr. W. Bargmann on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vigh-Teichmann, I., Vigh, B. & Aros, B. Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons, ciliated perikarya and “peptidergic” synapses in the magnocellular preoptic Nucleus of teleostean fishes. Cell Tissue Res. 165, 397–413 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222443
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222443