Abstract
A computer program applying the principle of maximum entropy to the analysis of drug absorption rate has been developed. Plasma concentrations of amoxicillin obtained after oral and intravenous dosing have been analysed, together with simulated data corresponding to a complex input.
Amoxicillin absorption rates devised by the program were similar to those obtained by a standard deconvolution method, although they were displayed as an almost continuous profile. However, improbable fluctuations were obtained with some data sets and the fraction absorbed was underestimated by 13%. With the simulated data, the maximum entropy program did not provide a better solution than the standard deconvolution procedure, and it was sensitive to the addition of random error and to the number of samples.
The maximum entropy principle, as implemented in our computer program, may not have a better performance than standard deconvolution procedures, especially in human experiments where the number of blood samples is usually limited.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alván G, Paintaud G, Eckernäs S-Å, Grahnén A (1992) Discrepancy between bioavailability as estimated from urinary recovery of frusemide and total diuretic effect. Br J Clin Pharmacol 34:47–52
Prescott LF (1989) The need for improved drug delivery in clinical practice. In: Prescrott LF, Nimmo WS (eds) Novel Drug Delivery and its Therapeutic Application. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1–11
Tucker GT, Jackson PR (1989) Pharmacokinetic evaluation of novel delivery system: assessment of rate. In: Prescrott LF, Nimmo WS (eds) Novel Drug Delivery and its Therapeutic Application. Wiley, Chichester, pp 113–120
Gibaldi M, Perrier D (1982) Pharmacokinetics. Dekker, New York
Iga K, Ogawa Y, Yashiki T, Shimamoto T (1986) Estimation of drug absorption rates using a deconvolution method with nonequal sampling times. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 14:213–225
Verotta D (1990) Comments on two recent deconvolution methods. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 18:483–499
Charter MK, Gull SF (1987) Maximum entropy and its application to the calculation of drug absorption rates. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 15:645–655
Livesey AK, Skilling J (1985) Maximum entropy theory. Acta Crystallogr A41:113–122
Vincent M, Li de la Sierra IM, Berberan-Santos MN, Diaz A, Diaz M, Padron G, Gallay J (1992) Time-resolved fluorescence study of human recombinant interferon α2. Association state of the protein, spatial proximity of the two tryptophan residues. Eur J Biochem 210:953–961
Charter MK, Gull SF (1991) Maximum entropy and drug absorption. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 19:497–520
Paintaud G, Alván G, Dahl M.L, Grahnén A, Sjövall J, Svensson JO (1992) Nonlinearity of amoxicillin absorption kinetics in human. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 43:283–288
Sjövall J, Alván G, Åkerlund JE, Svensson JO, Paintaud G, Nord CE, Angelin B (1992) Dose-dependent absorption of amoxicillin in patients with ileostomy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 43:277–281
Shore JE, Johnson RW (1980) Axiomatic derivation of the principle of maximum entropy and the principle of minimum cross-entropy. IEEE Transf Info Theory IT-26:26–37
Björk Å, Dahlqvist G (1974) Numerical methods. Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Paintaud, G., Maboundou, C.W., Helleday, L. et al. Limitations of the maximum entropy principle in devising drug input rate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 49, 139–143 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192372
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00192372