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Evidence for multiple hydrogen-ion donor systems in rain

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Abstract

An integrated analytical system consisting of combined scanning electron microscopy and x-ray analysis, atomic absorption, colorimetry and coulometry was used to study rain water chemistry. The coulometry facilitated the determination in molarities of strong and non-volatile and volatile weak acids. The pH of individual rains in St. Paul — Minneapolis, Minnesota ranged from 4.0 to 5.65 during the summer of 1974. Samples of a given rain from different sites had different qualitative and quantitative bases for the measured pH. Increase in strong acid concentrations with a decrease in pH was not an exclusive phenomenon. Molarities of weak acids (volatile and/or non-volatile) also increased with an increase in the acidity. Studies conducted on Twin Cities rain samples indicated that the total salt content expressed from the electrical conductivity could not be accounted for by the total concentrations of individual metals quantified (Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ca, Mg, Na, and K). In addition, no correlation could be shown between the contents of S04 −, NO3 −, Cl2 −, and PO4 − and the observed changes in pH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 55108, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A.

    Sagar V. Krupa, M. R. Coscio Jr. & F. A. Wood

Authors
  1. Sagar V. Krupa
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  2. M. R. Coscio Jr.
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  3. F. A. Wood
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Krupa, S.V., Coscio, M.R. & Wood, F.A. Evidence for multiple hydrogen-ion donor systems in rain. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 6, 415–422 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00182882

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00182882

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