Summary
Of all the 95 primary tracheal carcinomas diagnosed in Finland in 1967–1985, 72% were squamous cell carcinomas. Fifty-three percent were located in the lower third of the trachea. Main symptoms were dyspnea, cough and hemoptysis. Fifty-nine percent of the patients developed extratracheal growth during the follow-up of 12 years, with lungs, neck, liver, and bones being the most common sites. In addition, autopsy revealed mediastinal metastases in 25% of patients. Vocal cord palsy at the time of diagnosis was present in 33%. The size and location of tumor in the trachea did not affect survival significantly. Patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas had the best prognosis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Belsey R (1950) Resection and reconstruction of the intrathoracic trachea. Br J Surg 38:200–205
Cheung AYC (1989) Radiotherapy for primary carcinoma of the trachea. Radiother Oncol 14:279–285
Culp OS (1938) Primary carcinoma of the trachea. J Thorac Surg 7:471–487
Fielding LP, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Freedman LS (1992) The future of prognostic factors in outcome prediction for patients with cancer. Cancer 70:2367–2377
Fields JN, Rigaud G, Emami BN (1989) Primary tumors of the trachea. Results of radiation therapy. Cancer 63:2429–2433
Hajdu SL Huvos AG, Goodner JT, Foote FW, Beattie EJ (1970) Carcinoma of the trachea. Clinocopathologic study of 41 cases. Cancer 25:1448–1456
Hirabayashi H, Koshii K, Uno K, Ohgaki H, Nakasone Y, Fujisawa T, Syouno N, Hinohara T, Hirabayashi K (1991) Extracapsular spread of squamous cell carcinoma in neck lymph nodes: prognostic factor of laryngeal cancer. Laryngoscope 101:502–506
Houston HE, Payne WS, Harrison EG, Olsen AM (1969) Primary cancers of the trachea. Arch Surg 99:132–140
Kaplan EL, Meier P (1958) Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 53:457–481
Karlan MS, Livingston PA, Baker DC (1973) Diagnosis of tracheal tumors. Ann Otol 82:790–799
Kurien G, Cole I (1981) Primary carcinoma of the trachea. Clin Otolaryngol 6:197–204
Manninen MP, Antila PJ, Pukander JS, Karma PH (1991) Occurrence of tracheal carcinoma in Finland. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 111:1162–1169
Manninen MP, Punkander JS, Flander MK, Laippala PJ, Huhtala HSA, Karma PH (1993) Treatment of primary tracheal carcinoma in Finland in 1967–1985. Acta Oncol 32: 277–282
Mantel N (1966) Evaluation of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its consideration. Cancer Chemother Rep 50:163–170
McCafferty GJ, Parker LS, Suggit SC (1964) Primary malignant disease of the trachea. J Laryngol Otol 78:441–479
Morrison MD, Salkeld LJ (1982) Prognostic factors in primary tracheal malignancy. J Otolaryngol 11:204–208
Ranke EJ, Presley SS, Holinger PH (1962) Tracheogenic carcinoma. JAMA 182:519–522
Rostom AY, Morgan RL (1978) Results of treating primary tumours of the trachea by irradiation. Thorax 33: 387–393
Snyderman NL, Johnson JT, Schramm VL, Myers EN, Bedetti CD, Thearle P (1985) Extracapsular spread of carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes. Cancer 56:1597–1599
Weber AL, Grillo HC (1978) Tracheal tumors. A radiological, clinical, and pathological evaluation of 84 cases. Radiol Clin North Am 16:227–246
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Manninen, M.P. Symptoms and signs and their prognostic value in tracheal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 250, 383–386 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00180381
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00180381