Abstract
We examined the effects of continuous intravenous infusion of nitroglycerin (NTG) on lung dysfunction induced by endotoxemia in awake sheep chronically instrumented with lung lymph fistula. We measured the responses of hemodynamics, lung lymph balance, and thromboxane (Tx)B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) Fla levels in plasma and lung lymph to endotoxin administration (1 µg/kg, intravenously [IV], over 30 min) with and without continuous infusion of NTG (1 µg/kg/min). Continuous infusion of NTG alone (n = 5) over 5 hr did not significantly alter systemic, pulmonary hemodynamics, and/or lung lymph fluid filtration. Infusion of endotoxin alone (n = 7) caused remarkable increases in pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) and lung lymph flow (Qlym) in the early phase. Continuous infusion of NTG (n = 6) significantly prevented the early increases in Ppa and Qlym after endotoxin. The increased values of TxB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in both plasma and lung lymph after endotoxemia showed the same increases in groups with and without NTG. These findings suggest that the reduction of pulmonary artery pressure induced by NTG decreased the filtration of fluid into the lungs associated with endotoxemia in sheep, and that the mechanism of vasodilating action of NTG is not due to modifications of constrictive-dilated cyclo-oxygenase products of arachidonate, such as TxA2 and PGI2.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abrams J (1985) Hemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin and long-acting nitrates. Am Heart J 110:216–224
Allen SJ, Drake RE, Katz J, Gabel JC, Laine GA (1987) Lowered pulmonary arterial pressure prevents edema after endotoxin in sheep. J Appl Physiol 63:1008–1011
Begley CJ, Ogletree L, Meyrick BO, Brigham KL (1984) Modification of pulmonary responses to endotoxemia in awake sheep by steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Am Rev Respir Dis 130:1140–1146
Brigham KL, Bowers RE, Haynes J (1979) Increased sheep lung vascular permeability caused by E. coli endotoxemia. Circ Res 45:292–297
Brigham KL, Meyrick B (1986) Endotoxin and lung injury. Am Rev Respir Dis 133:913–927
Chick TW, Kochukoshy KN, Matsumoto S, Leach JK (1978) The effect of nitroglycerin on gas exchange, hemodynamics, and oxygen transport in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Med Sci 276:105–111
Cottrell JE, Turndorof H (1978) Intravenous nitroglycerin. Am Heart J 96:550–552
Forster W (1980) Significance of prostaglandins and thromboxane A2 for the mode of action of cardiovascular drugs. In: Samuelsson B, Ramwell PW, Paoletti R (eds) Advances in prostaglandin and thromboxane research, vol 7. New York: Raven Press, pp 609–618
Gunther R, Zaiss C, Demling RH (1982) Pulmonary microvascular response to prostacyclin (PGI2) infusion in unanesthetized sheep, J Appl Physiol 52:1338–1342
Hill NS, Antman EM, Green LH, Alpert JS (1981) Intravenous nitroglycerin. A review of pharmacology, indications, therapeutic effects and complications. Chest 79:69–76
Jaffe BM, Behrman HR, Parker CW (1973) Radioimmunoassay measurement of prostaglandin E, A, and F in human plasma. J Clin Invest 52:398–405
Kadowitz PJ, Nandiwada P, Gruetter CA (1981) Pulmonary vasodilator responses to nitroprusside and nitroglycerin in the dog. J Clin Invest 67:893–902
Kubo K, Kobayashi T (1985) Effects of OKY-046, a selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, on endotoxin-induced lung injury in unanesthetized sheep. Am Rev Respir Dis 132:494–499
Levin RI, Jaffe EA, Weksler BB, Goldman T (1981) Nitroglycerin stimulates synthesis of prostacyclin by cultures human endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 67:762–769
Mehta J, Mehta P, Ostrowski N (1983) Effects of nitroglycerin on human vascular prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 generation. J Lab Clin Med 102:116–125
Morcillio E, Reid PR, Dubin N, Ghodgaonkar R, Pitt B (1980) Myocardial prostaglandin E release by nitroglycerin and modification by indomethacin. Am J Cardiol 45:53–57
Neichi T, Tomisawa S, Kubodera N, Uchida Y (1980) Enhancement of PGI2 formation by new vasodilator 2-nicotinamidoethylnitrate in the coupled system of platelets and aortic microsomes. Prostaglandins 19:577–586
Nugent WC, Nieminen MT, Liapis CD, Watkins WD, Kong DL, Peterson B, Philbin DM, Levine FH (1982) Prostaglandin response to intravenous nitroglycerin. J Surg Res 33:225–232
Parker RE, Brigham KL (1987) Effects of endotoxemia on pulmonary vascular resistances in unanesthetized sheep. J Appl Physiol 63:1058–1062
Pearl RG, Rosenthal MH, Ashton JP (1983) Pulmonary vasodilator effects of nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside in canine oleic acid-induced pulmonary hypertension. Anesthesiology 58:514–518
Prewitt RM, Mccarthy J, Wood LDH (1981) Treatment of acute low pressure pulmonary edema in dogs; relative effects of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure, nitroprusside, and positive endexpiratory pressure. J Clin Invest 67:409–418
Sakai K, Akima M, Nakamura Y (1983) Is the cardiovascular effect of nitroglycerin related to the prostaglandin system in the dog? Eur J Pharmacol 96:285–289
Sivak ED, Gray BA, Mccurdy HT, Phillips AK (1978) Pulmonary vascular response to nitroprusside in dogs. Circ Res 45:360–365
Smith ME, Gunther R, Zaiss C, Demling RH (1982) Prostaglandin infusion and endotoxininduced lung injury. Arch Surg 117:175–180
Snapper JR, Hutchinson AA, Ogletree ML, Brigham KL (1983) Effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the alterations in lung mechanics caused by endotoxemia in unanesthetized sheep. J Clin Invest 72:63–76
Staub NC, Bland RD, Brigham KL, Demling RH, Erdmann AJ, Woolverton WD (1975) Preparation of chronic lung lymph fistulas in sheep. J Surg Res 19:315–320
Tada M, Kuzuya T, Inoue M, Kodama K, Mishima M, Yamada M, Inui M, Abe H (1981) Elevation of thromboxane BZ levels in patients with classic and variant angina pectoris. Circution 64:1107–1115
Yoshimura K, Tod ML, Pier KG, Rubin LJ (1989) Role of venoconstriction in thromboxane-induced pulmonary hypertension and edema in lambs. J Appl Physiol 66:929–935
Yoshimura K, Tod ML, Pier KG, Rubin LJ (1980) Effects of a thromboxäne A2 analogue and prostacyclin on lung fluid balance in newborn lambs. Circ Res 65:1409–1416
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Offprint requests to: K. Kubo
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Koizumi, T., Kubo, K., Hirai, K. et al. Effects of continuous infusion of nitroglycerin on pulmonary hemodynamics, lung lymph balance, and prostanoid products in the response to endotoxin in awake sheep. Lung 171, 19–30 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00177639
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00177639