Summary
The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and of two synthetic analogs, 1,25S,26-tri-hydroxy-Δ22-vitamin D3 (1,25,26(OH)3-22ene-D3, Ro 23-4319) and 1,25-dihydroxy-Δ16-23yne-vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2-16ene-23yne-D3, Ro 23-7553) on cell growth was evaluated by determination of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA of human colon adenocarcinomaderived Caco-2 cells. The extent of growth inhibition by the vitamin D compounds varied between 20–40% (at 10−8 M), depending on particular growth conditions of Caco-2 cells as well as on the molecular structure of the vitamin D sterols. In confluent, i.e., rather quiescent cells, all three vitamin D compounds were equipotent in suppressing growth. In rapidly dividing log phase cells, 1,25(OH)2-16ene-23yne-D3 or 1,25,26(OH)3-22ene-D3 were ten or five times, respectively, more efficient than 1,25(OH)2D3. A substantial effect on induction of the colonocyte differentiation marker alkaline phosphatase was only elicited by 1,25(OH)2-16ene-23yne-D3.
The ability of the vitamin D compounds to raise intestinal calcium absorption was evaluated by determination of 45Ca2+ accumulation in embryonic chick duodenal explants. In this assay, both synthetic analogs were less effective than 1,25(OH)2D3 by a factor of 20.
The intrinsic bone resorbing activities of the vitamin D analogs were compared in organ-cultured neonatal mouse calvariae. The most effective antiproliferative compound, 1,25(OH)2-16ene-23yene-D3, stimulated calcium release from cultured bones at concentrations less than 10−11 M, and was thus ten times more potent than 1,25(OH)2D3 and hundred times more than 1,25,26-(OH)3-22ene-D3.
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A preliminary report of this study was presented at the International Conference on Calcium Regulating Hormones, April 24–29, 1992, Florence, Italy
Correspondence to M. Peterlik at the above address
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Cross, H.S., Farsoudi, K.H. & Peterlik, M. Growth inhibition of human colon adenocarcinoma-derived Caco-2 cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and two synthetic analogs: relation to in vitro hypercalcemic potential. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 347, 105–110 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00168780
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00168780