Abstract
Communication skills are basic to effective management. However, communication training programs must not only show evidence that the skills have been learned, but also demonstrate that this learning can be converted into effective on the job behavior. A communication skills program, Face to Face, based on the microtraining model, is described. This model has substantial empirical evidence of successful skill acquisition. A novel approach to skill transfer and retention, the relapse prevention model is proposed as a methodology for maintaining communication skills in the work setting.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bandura, A. (1977). A social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Blanchard, K.H. & Johnson, S. (1982). The one minute manager. New York: Morrow.
Broad, M.L. (1982). Management actions to support transfer of training. Training and Development Journal 38 (5): 124–130.
Brown, K.M., Willis, B.S. & Reid, D.H. (1981). Differential effects of supervisor verbal feedback and feedback plus approval on institutional staff performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management 3: 57–58.
Carnevale, A.P. (1986). The learning enterprise. Training and Development Journal, January: 18–29.
Chaney, E.F., O'Leary, M.F. & Marlatt, G.A. (1978). Skill training with alcoholics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 46: 1092–1104.
Cummings, C., Gordon, J.R., & Marlatt, G.A. (1980). Relapse: Strategies of prevention and prediction. In W.R.Millter (ed.), The addictive behaviors. Oxford, U.K.: Pergamon Press.
Goldstein, I.L. (1980). Training in work organizations. In M.R.Rosenzweig and L.W.Porter (eds.), Annual Review of Psychology (Vol. 31, pp. 229–272). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews Inc.
Ivey, A. (1971). Microcounseling. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
Ivey, A. (1983). Intentional Interviewing and Counseling. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Ivey, A. and Authier, J. (1978). Microcounseling: Innovations in interviewing, counseling, psychotherapy, and psychoeducation (2nd Edition). Springfield, IL: Thomas.
Ivey, A. and Litterer, J. (1979). Face to face: Communication skills for managers. North Amherst, MA: Amherst Consulting Group. (Translations available in Swedish, German, and a British-English version.)
Ivey, A. and Litterer, J. (1982). Von Mensch zu Mensch. Goch, West Germany: Bratt Institute für Neues Lernen GmbH.
Ivey, A. and Litterer, J. (1983). Rationell dialog. Lund, Sweden: Utbildningshuset.
Ivey, A. and Litterer, J. (1986). Face to face. Bromley, Kent, U.K.: Chartwell-Bratt.
Ivey, A.E., Normington, C.J., Miller, C.D., Morrill, W.H. & Haase, R.F. (1968). Microcounseling and attending behavior. Journal of Counseling Psychology 15: 1–12. (Monograph)
Kasdorf, J. & Gustafson, K. (1978). Research related to microcounseling. In A.E.Ivey & J.Authier (eds.), Microcounseling: Innovations in interviewing, counseling, psychotherapy and psychoeducation. Springfield, IL: C.C. Thomas.
Kelly, J.B. (1982). A primer on transfer of training. Training and Development Journal 38 (1): 102–106.
Komaki, J. (1983). Why we don't reinforce: The Issues. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management 4 Fall/Winter: 97–100.
Marlatt, G.A. and Gordon, J.R. (1980). Determinants of relapse: Implication for the maintenence of behavior change. In P.O.Davidson and S.M.Davidson (eds.), Behavioral medicine: Changing health lifestyles (pp. 410–452). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Marx, R.D. (1982). Relapse prevention for managerial training: A model for maintenance of behavior change. Academy of Management Review 7: 433–441.
Marx, R.D. (1986). Improving management development through relapse prevention strategies. Journal of Management Development 5 (2): 27–40.
May, R. (1984). Personal communication (August).
Newstrom, J.W. (1985). A contingency model for addressing the impediments to transfer of training. Paper presented at the 45th Academy of Management Meetings, San Diego, California, August 11–14.
Perri, M.G., Shapiro, R.M., Ludwig, W.W., Twentyman, C.T., & McAdoo, W.G. (1984). Maintenance strategies for the treatment of obesity: An evaluation of relapse prevention training and post treatment contact by mail and telephone. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 52 (3): 404–413.
Peters, T.J. & Waterman, R.H.Jr. (1982). In search of excellence: Lessons from America's best run companies. New York: Harper and Row.
Rhoton, W.W. (1980). A procedure to improve compliance with coal mine safety regulations. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management 2: 243–249.
Roberts, W. (1980). Differences between black and white managers in communication skills. Unpublished dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Rosenthal, B.S., & Marx, R.D. (1979). A comparison of standard behavior and relapse prevention weight reduction programs. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, San Francisco.
Watson, D.L. & Tharp, R.G. (1985). Self-directed behavior: Self-modification for personal adjustment. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Wexley, K.N. (1984). Personnel training. Annual Review of Psychology 35: 519–551.
Wilson, G.T. (1980). Behavior modification and the treatment of obesity. In A.J.Stunkard (ed.). Obesity. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, 325–344.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Marx, R.D., Ivey, A.E. Communication skills programs that last: Face to Face and relapse prevention. Int J Adv Counselling 11, 135–151 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00155974
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00155974