Skip to main content
Log in

Modelling thermal eddy diffusivity at canopy height

  • Published:
Boundary-Layer Meteorology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A one-dimensional, steady-state plant-atmosphere model using different formulae for the thermal stability function is applied to data for corn crops. There are two general types of formulae available. Those proposed by W. C. Swinbank, A. J. Dyer and B. B. Hicks, and E. K. Webb were derived from measurements taken hundreds or thousands of roughness lengths above grass fields. Formulae recently proposed by A. S. Thom, J. B. Stewart, H. R. Oliver and J. H. C. Gash were derived from measurements taken nine roughness lengths above a pine forest. Use of the latter formulae yields better agreement between predicted and measured values of thermal eddy diffusivity at canopy height in the corn crops. These improved diffusivity values result in improved temperature-profile predictions in the top metre of the canopy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Brown, K. W. and Covey, W.: 1966, ‘The Energy-Budget Evaluation of the Micrometeorological transfer Processes within a Cornfield’, Agr. Meteorol. 3, 73–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Businger, J. A., Wyngaard, J. C., Izumi, Y., and Bradley, E. F.: 1971, ‘Flux-Profile Relationships in the Atmospheric Surface Layer’, J. Atmos. Sci. 28, 181–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cionco, R. M.: 1972, ‘A Wind-Profile Index for Canopy Flow’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 3, 255–263.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyer, A. J.: 1974, ‘A review of Flux-Profile relationships’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 7, 363–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyer, A. J. and Hicks, B. B.: 1970, ‘Flux-Gradient Relationships in the Constant Flux Layer’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 96, 715–721.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goudriaan, J. and Waggoner, P. E.: 1972, ‘Simulating Both Aerial Microclimate and Soil Temperature from Observations Above the Folia Canopy’, Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 20, 104–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Högström, U.: 1974, ‘A Field Study of the Turbulent Fluxes of Heat, Water Vapour and Momentum at a Typical Agricultural Site’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 100, 624–639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Legg, B. and Monteith, J. L.: 1975, ‘Heat and Mass Transfer Within Plant Canopies’, in D. A. de Vries and N. H. Afgan (eds.), Heat and Mass Transfer in the Biosphere, Chapter 11, Scripta Book Company, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemon, E., Stewart, D. W., Shawcroft, R. W., and Jensen, S. E.: 1973, ‘Experiments in Predicting Evapotranspiration by Simulation with a Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Model’, in Field Soil Water Regime, Chapter 4, Soil Science Society of America.

  • List, R. J.: 1966, Smithsonian Meteorological Tables, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maki, T.: 1969, ‘On Zero-Plane Displacement and Roughness Length in the Wind Velocity Profile Equation over a Corn Canopy’, Nogyo-Kisho 25, 13–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monteith, J. L.: 1973, Principles of Environmental Physics, E. Arnold, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, C. E. and Knoerr, K. R. 1972, Modeling the Energy Balance Process of Natural Ecosystems, Eastern Deciduous Forest Biome — IBP Res. Rep. 72–10, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, Tenn., and Duke Univ., Durham, N.C., 164 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, C. E. and Knoerr, K. R.: 1975, ‘The Evaporation of Intercepted Rainfall from a Forest Stand: an Analysis by Simulation’, Water Resour. Res. 11, 273–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, F. W.: 1967, ‘On the Computation of Saturation Vapor Pressure’, J. Appl. Meteorol. 6, 203–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pruitt, W. O., Morgan, D. L., and Lourence, F. J.: 1973, ‘Momentum and Mass Transfers in the Surface Boundary Layer’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 99, 370–386.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raschke, K.: 1970, ‘Stomatal Responses to Pressure Changes and Interruptions in the Water Supply of Detached Leaves of Zea Mays L.’, Plant Physiol. 45, 415–423.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shawcroft, R. W.: 1970, Water Relations and Stomatal Responses in a Corn Field, Ph.D. Thesis, Cornell University, 127 pp.

  • Stewart, D. W. and Lemon, E. R.: 1969, The Energy Budget at the Earth's Surface: a Simulation of Net Photosynthesis of Field Corn, Microclimate Investigations Interim Rpt. 69–3, U.S.D.A. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swinbank, W. C.: 1964, ‘The Exponential Wind Profile’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 90, 119–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thom, A. S., Stewart, J. B., Oliver, H. R., and Gash, J. H. C.: 1975, ‘Comparison of Aerodynamic and Energy Budget Estimates of Fluxes over a Pine Forest’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 101, 93–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waggoner, P. E., and Reifsnyder, W. E.: 1968, ‘Simulation of the Temperature, Humidity and Evaporation Profiles in a Leaf Canopy’, J. Appl. Meteorol. 7, 400–409.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb, E. K.: 1965, ‘Aerial Microclimate’, in P. E. Waggoner (ed.) Agricultural Meteorology, Chapter 2, American Meteorological Society, Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb, E. K.: 1970, ‘Profile Relationships: the Log-Linear Range, and Extension to Strong Stability’, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 96, 67–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, J. L. and Brown, K. W.: 1967, ‘Comparison of Momentum and Energy Balance Methods of Computing Vertical Transfer Within a Crop’, Agronomy J. 59, 427–432.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mehlenbacher, L.A., Whitfield, D.W.A. Modelling thermal eddy diffusivity at canopy height. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 12, 153–170 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121970

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121970

Keywords

Navigation