Skip to main content
Log in

Summary

This paper has had two purposes: (1) to assess the answer to Does Counseling Work? and (2) to assess the effectiveness of counselor education. Neither question has been nor can be answered clearly or unequivocably. In both instances, the weight of evidence is positive but with many qualifications as regards either the effectiveness of counseling or of counselor education. What is less apparent but clearly implicit in the research literature is that improvements are being made in counseling and in counselor education but these are less than generally incorporated into practitioners skills, repetoires, or training sites. We have learned much and can be useful to many people but we still have much to be humble about, at least as reflected in our research literature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Astin, A. W., Criterion-centered research. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1964, 24, 807–822.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergin, A. E. Some implications of psychotherapy research for therapeutic pratice. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1966, 71, 235–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Burck, H., Cottingham, H., & Reardon, R. Counseling and accountability: Methods and critique. New York: Pergamon Press, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carkhuff, R. R. Critical variables in effective counselor training. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1969, 16 (3), 126–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Carkhuff, R. R. Differential functioning of lay and professional helpers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1968, 15, 117–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H. J. The effects of psychotherapy. International Journal of Psychiatry, 1965, 1, 99–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, H. J. The effects of psychotherapy: An evaluation. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1952, 16, 319–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelso, G. J. & Tanney, M. F. Client personality as a mediator of the effects of recording. Counselor Education and Supervision, 1972, 12, 109–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graff, R. W., Raque, D. & Danish, S. Vocation-education counseling pratices: A survey of university counseling centers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1974, 21 (6), 579–580.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ivey, A. E., et al. Microcounseling and attending behavior: An approach to prepracticum counselor learning. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1968, 15 (2), 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krumboltz, J. D. Behavioral goals for counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1966, 13, 153–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, E. C. The psychology of counseling. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lichtenstein, E. Techniques for assessing outcomes of psychotherapy. In Advances in psychological assessment (Vol. II), (P. M.Reynolds, Ed.) Palo Alto: Science and Behavior Books, 1971, p. 178–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malan, D. H. The outcome problem in psychotherapy research. Arch. General Psychiatry, 1973, 29, 719–729.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meehl, P. E. Clinical versus statistical prediction. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melzoff, J. & Kornreich, M. Research in psychotherapy. New York: Atherton Press, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, T. V. Simulation and instructional objectives in counselor education. Counselor Education and Supervision, 1972, 12 (2), 83–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niland, T. M. Duling, J., Allen, V. & Panther, E. Student counselors perceptions of videotaping. Counselor Education and Supervision, 1971, 11, 97–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul G. Strategy of outcome research in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1967(a), 31, 109–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul, G. L. Insight versus desensitization in psychotherapy. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul, G.L. Insight versus desensitization in psychotherapy two years after termination. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1967(b), 31, 333–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raimy, V. C. Training in clinical psychology. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, C. R. Freedom to learn. Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill, 1969, Chapter 8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sloane, R. B., Staples, F. R., Cristol, A. H., Yorkston, N. H. & Whipple, K. Psychotherapy versus behavior therapy. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, N. R. & Thoresen, C. E. Behavioral group counseling for career development. Symposium presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Personnel and Guidance Association, 1968.

  • Truax, C. B. Counseling and psychotherapy: process and outcome. Final Report, V. R. A. Research and Demonstration Grant #906-P. University of Arkansas: Arkansas Rehabilitation Research and Training Center, June, 1966.

  • Truax, C. B. & Lister, J. L. Effects of short term training upon accurate empathy and non possessive warmth. In Counselor education and supervision: Readings in theory, practice, and research. M. Seligman & N. Baldwin (Eds.) 1972.

  • Truax, C. B. & Lister, J. L. Effectiveness of counselors and counselor aids. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1970, 17 (4), 331–334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tyler, L. E. The work of the counselor. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969, p. 226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volsky, T. J., Magoon, T., Norman, W. & Hoyt, O. The outcomes of counseling and psychotherapy: Theory and research. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This article contains a summary of the presentation by Dr. Herr at the Seventh International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling, Wurzburg, Germany, April, 1976.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Herr, E.L. Does counseling work?. Int J Adv Counselling 1, 106–120 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00120924

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00120924

Keywords

Navigation