Abstract
The ribosomal RNA gene expression in the genomes of evolutionary diploid (Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Leucaspius delineatus, Tinca tinca) and polyploid species (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Carassius auratus gibelio, Carassius auratus auratus) of Cyprinidae has been investigated by means of a silver nitrate technique. The diploid species investigated exhibited only one pair of chromosomes with nucleolus organizers (NOR). Higher numbers of rRNA-expressing chromosomal sites in several evolutionary polyploid species (Carassins) gave evidence against a complete functional diploidization, at least with regard to the NOR bearing chromosomes in these species. The NORs displayed a heterochromatic brilliant chromomycin A3 fluorescence. No distamycin-A/DAPI-bright heterochromatic blocks were detected in the genomes of the Cyprinidae.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Appels, R., 1982. The molecular cytology of wheat-rye hybrids. Int. Rev. Cytol. 80: 93–132.
Berberovic, L., Hadziselimovic, T., Pavlovic, B. & Sofradzija, A., 1973. Chromosome set of the species Aulopyge hügeli Heckel 1841. Bull. Sci. Acad. RSF. Jugosl. 18, 1–3: 10–11.
Cataudella, S., Sola, L., Accame Muratori, R. & Capanna, R., 1977. Chromosomes of 11 species of Cyprinidae and one Cobitidae, with remarks on the problem of polyploidy in Cypriniformes. Genetica 47, 3: 161–171.
Deumling, B. & Greilhuber, J., 1982. Characterisation of heterochromatin in different species of the Scilla siberica group (Liliaceae) by in situ hybridization of satellite DNAs and fluorochrome banding. Chromosoma 84: 535–555.
Khuda-Bukhsh, A. R., 1982. Karyomorphology of two species of Tor (Pisces, Cyprinidae) with a high number of chromosomes. Experientia 38, 1: 82–84.
Klose, J., Wolf, U., Hitzeroth, H., Ritter, H. & Ohno, S., 1969. Polyploidization in the fish family Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes. II. Duplication of the gene loci coding for lactate dehydrogenase (E.c.1.1.1.27) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (E.c.1.1.1.144) in various species of Cyprinidae. Hum. Genet. 7: 245–250.
Kodama, Y., Yoshida, M. C. & Sasaki, M., 1980. An improved silver staining technique for nucleolus organizer regions by using nylon cloth. Jap. J. Hum. Genet. 25: 229–233.
Mayr, B., Rab, P. & Kalat, M., 1985. Localisation of NORs and counterstain-enhanced fluorescence studies in Perca fluviatilis (Pisces, Percidae). Genetica 67: 51–56.
Ohno, S., Muramoto, J., Christian, L. & ATkin, N. B., 1967. Diploid-tetraploid relationship among old-world members of the fish family Cyprinidae. Chromosoma 23: 1–9.
Ojima, Y. & Yamano, T., 1980. The assignment of the nucleolar organizers in the chromosomes of the Funa (Carassius, Cyprinidae, Pisces). Proc. Jap. Acad. Ser. B. 56: 551–556.
Ojima, A., Hayshi, M. & Ueno, K., 1972. Cytogenetic studies in lower vertebrates. X. Karyotypes and DNA studies in 15 species of Jananese Cyprinidae. Jap. J. Genet. 47: 3: 431–440.
Rab, P., 1981. Karyotype of European catfish Silurus glanis L. (Pisces, Siluridae Pisces), with remarks to the cytogenetics of siluroid fishes. Folia zool. 30 (3): 271–286.
Rishi, K. K., Singh, J. & Kaul, M. M., 1983. Chromosomal analysis of Schizotheraichthys progastus (MacClell.) (Cyprinidae, Pisces). Chrom. Inf. Service 34: 12–13.
Schmid, M., 1982. Chromosome banding in Amphibia. VII. Analysis of the structure and variability of NORs in Anura. Chromosoma 87: 327–344.
Schmidtke, J. & Engel, W., 1975. Gene action in fish of tetraploid origin. I. Cellular and biochemical parameters in Cyprinid fish. Biochem. Genet. 13: 45–51.
Schmidtke, J., Zenzes, M. T., Weiler, C., Bross, K. & Engel, W., 1976. Gene action in fish of tetraploid origin. IV. Ribosomal DNA amount in Clupeoid and Salmonoid fish. Biochem. Genet. 14: 193–197.
Schmidtke, J., Schmitt, E., Matzke, E. & Engel, W., 1979. Nonrepetitive DNA sequence divergence in phylogenetically diploid and tetraploid telostean species of the family Cyprinidae and the order Isospondyll. Chromosoma 75: 185–198.
Schweizer, D., 1976. Reverse fluorescent chromosome banding with chromomycin and DAPI. Chromosoma 58: 307–327.
Schweizer, D., 1980. Simultaneous fluorescent staining of R-bands and specific heterochromatin regions (DA/DAPI-bands) in human chromosomes. Cytogen. Cell Genet. 27: 190–193.
Schweizer, D., 1981. Counterstain-enhanced chromosome banding. Hum. Genet. 57: 1–14.
Schweizer, D., Mendelak, M., White, M. J. D. & Contreras, N., 1983. Cytogenetics of the parthenogenetic grasshopper Warramaba virgo and its bisexual relatives. X. Patterns of fluorescent banding. Chromosoma 88: 227–236.
Sinclair, J. H. & Brown, D. D., 1971. Retention of common nucleotide sequences in the ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid of some eukaryotes and some of their physical characteristics. Biochemistry 10: 2761–2769.
Sofradzija, A. & Berberovic, L., 1973. The chromosome number of Barbus meridionalis petenyi (Heckel), Pisces, Cyprinidae. Bull. Sci. Acad. RSF. Jugosl. 8, 4–6: 77–78.
Suzuki, A. & Taki, Y., 1981. Karyotype of tetraploid origin in a tropical Asian cyprinid Acrossocheiius sumatranus. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 28, 2: 173–176.
Takai, A. & Ojima, Y., 1982. The assignment of the nucleolus organizer regions in the chromosomes of the carp, the Funa and their hybrids (Cyprinidae, Pisces). Proc. Jap. Acad. Ser. B 58: 303.
Ueda, T. & Ojima, Y., 1978. Differential chromosomal characteristics in the Funa subspecies (Carassius). Proc. Jap. Acad. Ser. B 54: 283–288.
Zan, R. & Song, Z., 1980. Studies of karyotypes of eight species of fishes in Cyprinus and Anabarilius. Zool. Res. 1: 141–150.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mayr, B., Bab, P. & Kalat, M. NORs and counterstain-enhanced fluorescence studies in Cyprinidae of different ploidy level. Genetica 69, 111–118 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00115130
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00115130