Summary
With the help of quasilinear irreversible thermodynamics, a relation between the shear viscosity and the primary normal-stress coefficient can be derived. A similar relation has been proposed by Bird, Hassager and Abdel-Khalik [1] for the first term of the Goddard expansion [2]. Here, we show that by incorporating the Carreau viscosity equation [3] with the irreversible thermodynamics the primary normal-stress coefficient can be expressed in closed form.
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Stastna, J., De Kee, D. Quasilinear thermodynamics and relation between material functions. J Eng Math 19, 27–32 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055038
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00055038