Abstract
Thermoluminescence experiments have been carried out to study the effect of a transmembrane proton gradient on the recombination properties of the S2 and S3 states of the oxygen evolving complex with QA - and QB -, the reduced electron acceptors of Photosystem II. We first determined the properties of the S2QA - (Q band), S2QB - and S3QB - (B bands) recombinations in the pH range 5.5 to 9.0, using uncoupled thylakoids. The, a proton gradient was created in the dark, using the ATP-hydrolase function of ATPases, in coupled unfrozen thylakoids. A shift towards low temperature of both Q and B bands was observed to increase with the magnitude of the proton gradient measured by the fluorescence quenching of 9-aminoacridine. This downshift was larger for S3QB - than for S2QB - and it was suppressed by nigericin, but not by valinomycin. Similar results were obtained when a proton gradient was formed by photosystem I photochemistry. When Photosystem II electron transfer was induced by a flash sequence, the reduction of the plastoquinone pool also contributed to the downshift in the absence of an electron acceptor. In leaves submitted to a flash sequence above 0°C, a downshift was also observed, which was supressed by nigericin infiltration. Thus, thermoluminescence provides direct evidence on the enhancing effect of lumen acidification on the S3→S2 and S2→S1 reverse-transitions. Both reduction of the plastoquinone pool and lumen acidification induce a shift of the Q and B bands to lower temperature, with a predominance of lumen acidification in non-freezing, moderate light conditions.
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Abbreviations
- 9-AA:
-
9-aminoacridine
- EA :
-
activation energy
- F0 :
-
constant fluorescence level
- FM :
-
maximum fluorescence, when all PS-II centers are closed
- FV :
-
variable fluorescence (FM−F0)
- PS I, PS II:
-
Photosystem I, photosystem II
- PQ:
-
plastoquinone
- TL:
-
thermoluminescence
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Miranda, T., Ducruet, J.M. Effects of dark- and light-induced proton gradients in thylakoids on the Q and B thermoluminescence bands. Photosynth Res 43, 251–262 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029938
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029938