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Fractionation using adsorptive macroporous resin HPD-600 enhances antioxidant activity of Gnetum gnemon L. seed hard shell extract

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Abstract

In this study, antioxidant activities and identification of the bioactive substances in Gnetum gnemon L. (Gg) seed hard shell were evaluated. The seed of Gnetum gnemon L., an Indonesian native plant, is commonly consumed as a vegetable or further processed as cracker. Isolated substances from Gnetum gnemon seed are mainly stilbenoid derivatives which show potent antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitor, and antimicrobial activities. Nevertheless, the antioxidant activity of its crude extract is still considered weak. In this study, an effort was made to improve antioxidant potency by fractionation using macroporous adsorptive resin (MAR). This fractionation successfully enhanced antioxidant activity of red Gg seed hard shell extract with efficient adsorption contact time within 30 min. Antioxidant activity of fractions 25–75% v/v ethanol increased three- to sevenfold as compared to crude extract and more importantly resulted in dry product which was easier for further processes. Identification of bioactive compounds in Gg seed hard shell extract with different degrees of ripeness was also performed by HPLC and confirmed the presence of Gnetin C, resveratrol, and other stilbenoid derivatives. These other stilbenoid derivatives could be the main substances contributing in antioxidant action with lower IC50 as compared to both Gnetin C and resveratrol. In summary, fractionation process using MAR HPD-600 reduced unnecessary sugar molecules from red Gg seed hard shell extract hence resulting to fraction with strong antioxidant activity.

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Acknowledgements

This project is financially supported by Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education of Republic of Indonesia, under scheme of Consortium of Incentive of National Innovation System Research, year 2016.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia

    Vienna Saraswaty, I. Ketut Adnyana, Muhammad Insanu, Neng Fisheri Kurniati & Heni Rachmawati

  2. Research Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Cisitu Sangkuriang Gd. 50, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia

    Vienna Saraswaty & Sri Pudjiraharti

  3. Research Centre for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan Puspiptek, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia

    Tjandrawati Mozef

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  1. Vienna Saraswaty
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Correspondence to Heni Rachmawati.

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Saraswaty, V., Ketut Adnyana, I., Pudjiraharti, S. et al. Fractionation using adsorptive macroporous resin HPD-600 enhances antioxidant activity of Gnetum gnemon L. seed hard shell extract. J Food Sci Technol 54, 3349–3357 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2793-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2793-3

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