Skip to main content
Log in

Measuring teachers’ content knowledge of language and reading

  • Part I Defining Dyslexia, Comorbidity, Teachers’ Knowledge Of Language And Reading
  • Published:
Annals of Dyslexia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the context of a longitudinal, four-year study of reading instruction in low-performing, high-poverty urban schools, we surveyed teacher knowledge of reading-related concepts, and established a modest predictive relationship between teachers’ knowledge, classroom reading achievement levels, and teachers’ observed teaching competence. There were significant associations among these variables at the third and fourth grade levels. To obtain this result, measures of teacher content knowledge in language and reading were refined in a three-stage process. Our purpose was to explore the type and level of questions that would begin to discriminate more capable from less capable teachers, and that would have a predictive relationship with student reading achievement outcomes. After experimenting with measurement of K-2 teachers’ content knowledge (Form #1), we piloted a Teacher Knowledge Survey with 41 second and third grade teachers in one study site (Form #2). We then refined and expanded the Survey (Form #3) and administered it to 103 third and fourth grade teachers in both project sites. Teachers’ misconceptions about sounds, words, sentences, and principles of instruction were pinpointed so that professional development could address teachers’ needs for insight and information about language structure and student learning.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Federation of Teachers. (1999). Teaching reading is rocket science. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Armbruster, B., Lehr, F., & Osborn, J. (2001). Put reading first: The research building blocks for teaching children to read, K-3. Washington, DC: National Institute for Literacy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baddeley, A. D., Gathercole, S., & Papagno, C. (1998). The phonological loop as a language learning device. Psychological Review, 105, 58–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berninger, V., & Richards, T. (2002). Brain literacy for educators and psychologists. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bos, C., Mather, N., Dickson, S., Podhajski, B., & Chard, D. (2001). Perceptions and knowledge of preservice and inservice educators about early reading instruction. Annals of Dyslexia, 51, 97–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bos, C., Mather, N., Narr, R., & Babur, N. (1999). Interactive, collaborative professional development in early reading instruction: Supporting the balancing act. Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 14, 215–226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brady, S., & Moats, L. C. (1997). Informed instruction for reading success: Foundations for teacher preparation (A position paper of the International Dyslexia Association). Baltimore: International Dyslexia Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • California Commission on Teacher Credentialing. (2002). Reading instruction competency assessment (RICA) content specifications. Sacramento, CA: California Commission on Teacher Credentialing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, A. E., Perry, K. E., Stanovich, K. E., Stanovich, P. J., & Chappell, M. (2001, June). Is teachers’ knowledge of important declarative knowledge of reading well calibrated? Paper presented at the annual conference of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading, Boulder, CO.

  • Dunn, L. M., & Dunn, L. M. (1981). Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehri, L. C., Nunes, S. R., Willows, D., Schuster, B., Yaghoub-Zadeh, Z. & Shanahan, T. (2001). Phonemic awareness instruction helps children to read: Evidence from the National Reading Panel’s meta-analysis, Reading Research Quarterly, 36, 250–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foorman, B. R., Chen, D.-T., Carlson, C., Moats, L., Francis, D. J., & Fletcher, J. M. (2003). The necessity of the alphabetic principle to phonemic awareness instruction. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 16, 289–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foorman, B. R., & Moats, L. C. (in press). Conditions for sustaining research-based practices in early reading instruction. Remedial and Special Education.

  • Foorman, B. R., & Schatschneider, C. (2003). Measurement of teaching practices during reading/language arts instruction and its relationship to student achievement. In S. Vaughn & K. L. Briggs (Eds.). Reading in the classroom: Systems for the observation of teaching and learning (pp. 1–30). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, H. B. (2000). Literacy instruction in teacher education: A comparison of teacher education in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States of America. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Columbia University, Teachers College, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hooper, S., Swartz, C., Wakely, M., deKruif, R., & Montgomery, J. (2002). Executive functions in elementary school children with and without problems in written expression. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35, 57–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Learning First Alliance. (2000). Every child reading: A professional development guide. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lyon, G. R., Vaasen, M., & Toomey, F. (1989). Teachers’ perception of their undergraduate and graduate preparation. Teacher Education and Special Education, 12, 164–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mather, N., Bos, C., & Babur, N. (2001). Perceptions and knowledge of preservice and inservice teachers about early literacy instruction. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 4, 471–482.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCutchen, D., Abbott, R. D., Green, L. B., Beretvas, S. N., Cox, S., Potter, N. S., Quiroga, T., & Gray, A. L. (2002). Beginning literacy: Links among teacher knowledge, teacher practice, and student learning. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35, 69–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCutchen, D., & Berninger, V. (1999). Those who know, teach well: Helping teachers master literacy-related subject matter knowledge. Learning Disabilities Research and Practice, 14(4), 215–226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCutchen, D., Harry, D. R., Cunningham, A. E., Cox, S., Sidman, S., & Covill, A. E. (2002). Reading teachers’ content knowledge of children’s literature and phonology. Annals of Dyslexia, 52, 207–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moats, L. C. (1994). The missing foundation in teacher education: Knowledge of the structure of spoken and written language. Annals of Dyslexia, 44, 81–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moats, L. C. (1995). The missing foundation in teacher education. American Educator (Special Issue: Learning to Read: Schooling’s First Mission), 19(2), 9, 43–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moats, L. C. (2002). Blueprint for professional development, Reading First Leadership Academy. Washington, DC: United States Department of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2000). Report of the National Reading Panel: Teaching children to read - An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. Bethesda, MD: NICHD, National Institutes of Health.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities. (2000). Professional development for teachers: A report from the National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities. Learning Disability Quarterly, 23, 2–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor, R. (1999). Teachers learning ladders to literacy. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 14, 203–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rayner, K., Foorman, B. F., Perfetti, C. A., Pesetsky, D., & Seidenberg, M. S. (2001). How psychological science informs the teaching of reading. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 2(2), 31–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snow, C., Burns, S., & Griffin, M. (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington, DC: National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Texas Education Agency. (1984). Texas teacher appraisal system. Austin, TX: Texas Education Agency.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodcock, R., & Johnson, M. B. (1989). Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Louisa C. Moats Ed.D..

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Moats, L.C., Foorman, B.R. Measuring teachers’ content knowledge of language and reading. Ann. of Dyslexia 53, 23–45 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-003-0003-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-003-0003-7

Keywords

Navigation