Abstract
In this paper, we consider the solution of global optimization problems involving hidden constraints. We present a novel deterministic derivative-free global optimization algorithm based on our recently introduced DIRECT-GL (Stripinis et al. in Optim Lett. 12(7):1699–1712, 2018). The new algorithm (DIRECT-GLh) incorporates two additional techniques for faster feasibility detection and solution improvement, especially when the solution lies on the border of the a priori unknown feasible region. The algorithm’s potential is demonstrated on 67 problems from the current release of DIRECTLib and 100 Emmental-type test problems. The numerical comparison reveals the proposed algorithm’s superiority to the considered DIRECT-type approaches for such problems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bachoc, F., Helbert, C., Picheny, V.: Gaussian process optimization with failures: classification and convergence proof. J. Glob. Opt. 78(3), 483–506 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-020-00920-0
Bartholomew-Biggs, M.C., Parkhurst, S.C., Wilson, S.P.: Using DIRECT to solve an aircraft routing problem. Comput. Opt. Appl. 21(3), 311–323 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013729320435
Candelieri, A.: Sequential model based optimization of partially defined functions under unknown constraints. J. Glob. Opt. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-019-00860-4
Carter, R.G., Gablonsky, J.M., Patrick, A., Kelley, C.T., Eslinger, O.J.: Algorithms for noisy problems in gas transmission pipeline optimization. Opt. Eng. 2(2), 139–157 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013123110266
Characklis, G.W., Kirsch, B.R., Ramsey, J., Dillard, K.E., Kelley, C.T.: Developing portfolios of water supply transfers. Water Resour. Res. (2006). https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004424
Chen, X., Kelley, C.T.: Optimization with hidden constraints and embedded Monte Carlo computations. Opt. Eng. 17(1), 157–175 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-015-9302-1
Choi, T.D., Eslinger, O.J., Kelley, C.T., David, J.W., Etheridge, M.: Optimization of Automotive Valve Train Components with Implicit Filtering. Opt. Eng. 1(1), 9–27 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010071821464
Costa, M.F.P., Rocha, A.M.A.C., Fernandes, E.M.G.P.: Filter-based direct method for constrained global optimization. J. Glob. Opt. 71(3), 517–536 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-017-0596-8
David, J.W., Kelley, C.T., Cheng, C.Y.: Use of an implicit filtering algorithm for mechanical system parameter identification. SAE Technical Papers (1996). https://doi.org/10.4271/960358
Di Pillo, G., Liuzzi, G., Lucidi, S., Piccialli, V., Rinaldi, F.: A DIRECT-type approach for derivative-free constrained global optimization. Comput. Opt. Appl. 65(2), 361–397 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-016-9876-3
Di Pillo, G., Lucidi, S., Rinaldi, F.: An approach to constrained global optimization based on exact penalty functions. J. Opt. Theory Appl. 54(2), 251–260 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-010-9582-0
Di Serafino, D., Liuzzi, G., Piccialli, V., Riccio, F., Toraldo, G.: A modified DIviding RECTangles algorithm for a problem in astrophysics. J. Opt. Theory Appl. 151(1), 175–190 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-011-9856-9
Donskoi, V.I.: Partially defined optimization problems: An approach to a solution that is based on pattern recognition theory. J. Soviet Mat. (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01097516
Finkel, D.E.: Global optimization with the Direct algorithm. Ph.D. thesis, North Carolina State University (2005)
Finkel, D.E., Kelley, C.T.: Additive scaling and the DIRECT algorithm. J. Glob. Opt. 36(4), 597–608 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-006-9029-9
Fletcher, R.: Practical Methods of Optimation, 2nd edn. John and Sons Chichester, United Kingdom (1987)
Forrester, A.I.J., Keane, A.J.: Recent advances in surrogate-based optimization. Prog. Aerospace Sci. 45(1), 50–79 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2008.11.001
Gablonsky, J.M.: Modifications of the DIRECT algorithm. Ph.D. thesis, North Carolina State University (2001)
Gablonsky, J.M., Kelley, C.T.: A locally-biased form of the DIRECT algorithm. J. Glob. Opt. 21(1), 27–37 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017930332101
Gorodetsky, S.: Diagonal Generalizaton of the DIRECT Method for Problems with Constraints. Autom. Remote Contr. 81(8), 1431–1449 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0005117920080068
Grishagin, V.A.: Operating characteristics of some global search algorithms. In: Problems of Stochastic Search, vol. 7, pp. 198–206. Zinatne, Riga (1978). In Russian
Jones, D.R.: The Direct global optimization algorithm. In: Floudas, C.A., Pardalos, P.M. (eds.) The Encyclopedia of Optimization, pp. 431–440. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrect (2001)
Jones, D.R., Martins, J.R.R.A.: The DIRECT algorithm: 25 years later. J. Glob. Opt. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-020-00952-6
Jones, D.R., Perttunen, C.D., Stuckman, B.E.: Lipschitzian optimization without the Lipschitz constant. J. Opt. Theory Appl. 79(1), 157–181 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00941892
Kirsch, B.R., Characklis, G.W., Dillard, K.E., Kelley, C.T.: More efficient optimization of long-term water supply portfolios. Water Resources Research (2009). https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007018
Le Digabel, S., Wild, S.M.: A Taxonomy of Constraints in Simulation-Based Optimization. arXiv e-prints arXiv:1505.07881 (2015)
Liu, H., Xu, S., Chen, X., Wang, X., Ma, Q.: Constrained global optimization via a direct-type constraint-handling technique and an adaptive metamodeling strategy. Struct. Multidis. Opt. 55(1), 155–177 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-016-1482-6
Liu, Q., Zeng, J., Yang, G.: MrDIRECT: a multilevel robust DIRECT algorithm for global optimization problems. J. Glob. Opt. 62(2), 205–227 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-014-0241-8
Liuzzi, G., Lucidi, S., Piccialli, V.: A DIRECT-based approach exploiting local minimizations for the solution of large-scale global optimization problems. Comput. Opt. Appl. 45, 353–375 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-008-9217-2
Liuzzi, G., Lucidi, S., Piccialli, V.: A partition-based global optimization algorithm. J. Glob. Opt. 48(1), 113–128 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-009-9515-y
Mockus, J., Paulavičius, R., Rusakevičius, D., Šešok, D., Žilinskas, J.: Application of Reduced-set Pareto-Lipschitzian Optimization to truss optimization. J. Glob. Opt. 67(1–2), 425–450 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-015-0364-6
Na, J., Lim, Y., Han, C.: A modified DIRECT algorithm for hidden constraints in an LNG process optimization. Energy p. 488–500 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.03.047
Paulavičius, R., Chiter, L., Žilinskas, J.: Global optimization based on bisection of rectangles, function values at diagonals, and a set of Lipschitz constants. J. Glob. Opt. 71(1), 5–20 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-016-0485-6
Paulavičius, R., Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E., Žilinskas, J.: Globally-biased DISIMPL algorithm for expensive global optimization. J. Glob. Opt. 59(2–3), 545–567 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-014-0180-4
Paulavičius, R., Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E., Žilinskas, J.: Globally-biased BIRECT algorithm with local accelerators for expensive global optimization. Expert Syst. Appl. 144, 113052 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.113052
Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Analysis of different norms and corresponding Lipschitz constants for global optimization. Technol. Econ. Develop. Econ. 36(4), 383–387 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1080/13928619.2006.9637758
Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Analysis of different norms and corresponding Lipschitz constants for global optimization in multidimensional case. Inf. Technol. Cont. 36(4), 383–387 (2007)
Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Simplicial Lipschitz optimization without the Lipschitz constant. J. Glob. Opt. 59(1), 23–40 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-013-0089-3
Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Simplicial Global Optimization. SpringerBriefs in Optimization. Springer berlin (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9093-7
Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Advantages of simplicial partitioning for Lipschitz optimization problems with linear constraints. Opt. Let. 10(2), 237–246 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-014-0772-4
Pintér, J.D.: Global optimization in action: continuous and Lipschitz optimization: algorithms, implementations and applications, Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications, vol. 6. Springer US, Berlin (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2502-5
Piyavskii, S.A.: An algorithm for finding the absolute minimum of a function. Theory Opt. Solut. 2, 13–24 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-5553(72)90115-2. (In Russian)
Rios, L.M., Sahinidis, N.V.: Derivative-free optimization: a review of algorithms and comparison of software implementations. J. Glob. Opt. 56(3), 1247–1293 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-012-9951-y
Rudenko, L.I.: Objective functional approximation in a partially defined optimization problem. J. Mat. Sci. 72(5), 3359–3363 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01261697
Sergeyev, Y.D.: On convergence of divide the best global optimization algorithms. Optimization 44(3), 303–325 (1998)
Sergeyev, Y.D., Candelieri, A., Kvasov, D.E., Perego, R.: Safe global optimization of expensive noisy black-box functions in the \(\delta \)-Lipschitz framework. Soft Computing 24(23), 17715–17735 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-020-05030-3
Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E.: Global search based on diagonal partitions and a set of Lipschitz constants. SIAM J. Opt. 16(3), 910–937 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1137/040621132
Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E.: Lipschitz global optimization. In: Cochran, J.J., Cox, L.A., Keskinocak, P., Kharoufeh, J.P., Smith, J.C. (eds.) Wiley Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science (in 8 volumes), vol. 4, pp. 2812–2828. Wiley, New York (2011)
Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E.: Deterministic Global Optimization: An Introduction to the Diagonal Approach. SpringerBriefs in Optimization. Springer (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7199-2
Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E., Khalaf, F.M.H.: A one-dimensional local tuning algorithm for solving GO problems with partially defined constraints. Opt. Let. 1(1), 85–99 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-006-0015-4
Sergeyev, Y.D., Kvasov, D.E., Mukhametzhanov, M.S.: Emmental-Type GKLS-Based Multiextremal Smooth Test Problems with Non-linear Constraints. In: Battiti, R., Kvasov, D.E., Sergeyev, Y.D. (eds.) Learn. Intel. Opt., pp. 383–388. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2017)
Sergeyev, Y.D., Pugliese, P., Famularo, D.: Index information algorithm with local tuning for solving multidimensional global optimization problems with multiextremal constraints. Mat. Prog. 96(3), 489–512 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-003-0372-z
Shan, S., Wang, G.G.: Metamodeling for high dimensional simulation-based design problems. J. Mech. Des. 132(5), 051009 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4001597
Shan, S., Wang, G.G.: Survey of modeling and optimization strategies to solve high-dimensional design problems with computationally-expensive black-box functions. Struct. Multidis. Opt. 41(2), 219–241 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-009-0420-2
Shubert, B.O.: A sequential method seeking the global maximum of a function. SIAM J. Num. Analy. 9, 379–388 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1137/0709036
Stoneking, D.E., Bilbro, G.L., Gilmore, P.A., Trew, R.J., Kelley, C.T.: Yield optimization using a gaas process simulator coupled to a physical device model. IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techniq. 40(7), 1353–1363 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1109/22.146318
Stripinis, L., Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Improved scheme for selection of potentially optimal hyper-rectangles in DIRECT. Opt. Let. 12(7), 1699–1712 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-017-1228-4
Stripinis, L., Paulavičius, R., Žilinskas, J.: Penalty functions and two-step selection procedure based DIRECT-type algorithm for constrained global optimization. Struct. Multidis. Opt. 59(6), 2155–2175 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-018-2181-2
Stripinis, L., Paulavičius, R.: DIRECTLib – a library of global optimization problems for DIRECT-type methods, v1.2 (2020). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3948890
Stripinis, L., Žilinskas, J., Casado, L.G., Paulavičius, R.: On MATLAB experience in accelerating DIRECT-GLce algorithm for constrained global optimization through dynamic data structures and parallelization. Appl.Mat. Comput. 390, 125596 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2020.125596
Strongin, R.G., Sergeyev, Y.D.: Global Optimization with Non-Convex Constraints: Sequential and Parallel Algorithms. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2000)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Data statement
Data underlying this article can be accessed on Zenodo at https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1218980, and used under the Creative Commons Attribution license.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stripinis, L., Paulavičius, R. A new DIRECT-GLh algorithm for global optimization with hidden constraints. Optim Lett 15, 1865–1884 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-021-01726-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-021-01726-z