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Solid polymer electrolytes in a poly(butadiene-acrylonitrile)–LiBr system

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Abstract

Poly(nitriles) are among the polymer matrices providing high salt solubility and, in some cases, superionic lithium conductivity at ambient temperatures observed in highly concentrated solvent-free polymer electrolytes. However, the properties of these electrolytes in which ionic aggregation prevails remain difficult to reproduce and predict, as current theories do not adequately model their attributes. The development of new concepts for ion transport in highly concentrated solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) requires a better understanding of the fundamentals of structure formation in a polymer–salt system over a wide concentration range including salt precipitation. In an attempt to approach this goal, a series of fundamental studies was carried out on the systems based on a rubbery random copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile (abbreviated as PBAN). In the present work, LiBr with monatomic halide anion was used as a lithium salt. The effect of LiBr concentration (0.05 to 3.35 mol kg−1) on phase composition, ion–molecular interactions, glass transition temperature, and ionic conductivity was studied by optical microscopy, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, DSC, and impedance measurements. The results were compared with those of PBAN–LiClO4 and PBAN–LiAsF6 studied previously. Low salt solubility and separation of a metastable cubic CsCl-type polymorph of LiBr were established. The highest conductivity of ∼10−4 S cm−1 at >50 °C was observed for heterogeneous samples comprising this phase. While the conductivity of PBAN–LiBr was lower than that of PBAN–LiClO4 and PBAN–LiAsF6, this study provides a new insight into the nature of polymer electrolyte systems.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by Ministry of Education and Science Agreement no. 14.604.21.0125 (unique identifier: RFMEFI60414X0125). This work has been (partly) done using facilities of the shared access centre “Composition of compounds”, Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using the “URAN” cluster platform of the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The authors are grateful to Dr. B.D. Antonov for the recording of XRD patterns and Prof. P.E. Panfilov for the optical microscopy images of the samples.

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  1. Inenergy LLC, Elektrodnaja st. 12, Bld. 1, Moscow, Russia, 111 524

    T. V. Yaroslavtseva, O. G. Reznitskikh, A. M. Erkabaev, M. S. Brezhestovsky & O. V. Bushkova

  2. Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomaiskaya st. 91, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 620 990

    T. V. Yaroslavtseva, O. G. Reznitskikh, A. M. Erkabaev, M. S. Brezhestovsky & O. V. Bushkova

  3. M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sofii Kovalevskoi st. 18, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 620 990

    E. A. Sherstobitova

  4. Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia, 142 432

    O. V. Bushkova

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  1. T. V. Yaroslavtseva
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Yaroslavtseva, T.V., Reznitskikh, O.G., Sherstobitova, E.A. et al. Solid polymer electrolytes in a poly(butadiene-acrylonitrile)–LiBr system. Ionics 23, 3347–3363 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2149-z

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